Release of arachidonate from diglyceride in human platelets requires the sequential action of a diglyceride lipase and a monoglyceride lipase

Release of arachidonate from 2-arachidonyl diglyceride by human platelet microsomes was investigated. Diglycerides labeled with ¹⁴C-stearate at sn-1 and with ³H-arachidonate at sn-2 were used as a substrate for microsomal diglyceride lipase. Diglyceride was deacylated first at sn-1 as evidenced by the accumulation of 2-arachidonyl monoglyceride but not of 1-stearoyl monoglyceride. Subsequent release of arachidonate from monoglyceride required the action of a monoglyceride lipase. Studies on substrate specificity indicated that diglyceride lipase utilized 2-arachidonyl diglyceride as the best substrate.     

Antimycobacterial evaluation of Peruvian plants

We present the results of an antimycobacterial screening of 270 Peruvian plant samples representing 216 species from 171 genera in 63 families. Dichloromethane extracts were tested at a concentration of 50 microg/ml for inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in radiometric culture. Slightly more than half of the samples tested showed inhibition of M. tuberculosis at this concentration.     

红花龙胆生药学研究

本文叙述了红花龙胆原植物、药材性状、组织结构,粉末及组织解离等方面的特征,为该药的鉴别提供了依据。鉴于龙胆属(Gentiana)植物药用部位多为根和根茎,而其地上部分的显微结构目前尚未见详细报道,故本文对于龙胆属植物组织学的研究有一定的参考价值。     

7种獐牙菜属药用植物形态组织学研究

本文报道了水灵芝(Swertia davidii Franch)、双斑獐牙菜(S.bimaculata(S.et Z.)HK.f.Thoms)、江浙獐牙菜(S.hickinii Burk)、贵州獐牙菜(S.koui-tchensis Franch)、大籽獐牙菜(S.macrosperma C.B.Clarke)、翼梗獐牙菜(S.nervosa Wall)、紫红獐牙菜(S.punicea Hemsl.)等7种獐牙菜属药用植物的药材性状、根茎叶的显微构造和解离组织及粉末特征,为合理开发和利用这一药物资源提供了鉴别依据,也为獐牙菜属植物的形态组织学研究提供了有价值的资料。     

獐牙菜属药用植物叶的组织学研究

系统报道了分布于湖北、西藏、日本、尼泊尔等地区龙胆科獐牙菜属（Ｓｗｅｒｉｔａ）民间药材１１种１变种植物叶的解剖学特征、显微常数测定结果。用计算机图像分析方法,对叶上表皮细胞垂周壁弯曲程度（ＳＦＣ）和细胞延长方向的轴向（平行主脉方向）的直径与横向（垂直主脉方向）的直径的比值（ＳＬＦ）,进行了分析测定。通过叶脉维管束类型、栅栏细胞层数、针晶有无、气孔分布、气孔指数、栅表比、Ｆｅｒｅｔ’ｓ直径比和叶上表     

湖北八角莲属四种药用植物的生药学研究

本文对湖北分布的八角莲属四种植物进行了全面系统的生药学研究,发现不同种之间的显微特征明显,为四种药材的鉴别以及伪品药材的识别提供了重要依据。     

金钟茵陈的本草学和化学成分研究

本文通过本草文献的考证,讨论了金钟茵陈(Siphonostegia chinensis)的药用历史、同物异名、同药异用、性味功效以及医疗价值等。从该植物中分离到4个配糖体成分,经光谱测定和化学降解,鉴定其中一个为新的单萜环烯醚甙,即10-对香豆酰桃叶珊瑚甙;两个为已知的8-异马钱素和阿克甙,另一成分待鉴定。从而为该药的利用与开发提供了依据。     

Isolation and characterization of a furostanol glycoside from fenugreek

From the seed of fenugreek, a new glycoside has been isolated and shown to have the structure, (25S)-22-O- methyl-5α-furostan-3β,22,26-triol 3-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl(1→2)[-β-d-glucopyranosyl (1→3)]-β-d- glucopyranoside-26-O-β-d-glucopyranoside.     

模式识别及其在生药学领域中的应用

本文对模式识别及其在生药学领域中的应用进行了综述,附参考文献21篇。     

The pharmacognosy of Humulus lupulus L. (hops) with an emphasis on estrogenic properties

As the population ages, there is an ever-increasing need for therapeutic agents that can be used safely and efficaciously to manage symptoms related to postmenopausal estrogen deficiency. Endogenous estrogens, e.g., 17beta-estradiol, of exogenous mammalian origin, e.g., horses, have long been used to manage such symptoms. There are more than 20 different classes of phytochemicals that have demonstrated affinity for human estrogen receptors in vitro. Some studies on exogenous estrogenic substances of botanical origin (phytoestrogens), such as standardized formulations of plant extracts with in vitro and in vivo estrogenic activity from soy (Glycine max Merill.) and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), suggest clinical efficacy. Few clinical data for phytoestrogens other than isoflavonoids are available. In an exhaustive review of the literature through 2003, only two clinical trials were identified that were designed to evaluate the effect of hops (Humulus lupulus L.) on symptoms related to menopause. Folkloric, chemical, and biological literature relating primarily to the use of hops for their estrogenic activity, and two human clinical trials, are reviewed.