广西前胡的香豆素成分

从广西前胡Peucedaum guangxieuse Shan et Sheh根及根茎的乙醇提取物中,经硅胶柱层析分析8个化合物,分别鉴定为：香豆素化合物广西前胡素（peguangxenin)(1),白花前胡丁素[( )anomalin](2),伞形花内酯(umbellferone)(3),欧芹属乙素（imperatorin）(4),虎耳草素(pimpinellin)(5);其它类型化合物,falcarindiol(6),阿魏酸(ferulic acid)(7),β-谷甾醇（β-sitosterol）.其中广西前胡素（1）是新化合物,经光谱及化学方法推证其结构为3′(S)-千里光酰氧基-4′（S）-羟基-二氢邪蒿素。     

中药前胡核磁共振氢谱法鉴定

使用＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ法对１９种前胡乙醚提取物进行了测试和解析,其中９种前胡的化学成分未见报道。根据主要化学成分香豆素的类型,将含角型二氢吡喃香豆素的１０种前胡归入白花前胡类;含线型二氢吡喃香豆素或线型二氢呋喃香豆素的８种前胡归秋紫花前胡类。研究结果表明,＾１Ｈ－ＮＭＲ法是鉴别中药前胡的快速、简便而可靠的检测方法。     

多因素影响白花前胡甲素和乙素含量分析

目的:研究在不同采收期、栽培环境、抽薹前后和组织部位的白花前胡甲素和乙素含量的变化规律.方法:采用高效液相色谱法测定不同采收时期栽培白花前胡甲素及乙素含量.结果:前胡甲素及乙素含量累积规律是根>茎>叶;二年生前胡甲素含量显著高于一年生,南坡前胡甲素显著高于其他坡向;抽薹前后的前胡甲素和乙素含量无显著差异.结论:高效液相...     

Climate oscillations and species interactions: large‐scale congruence but regional differences in the phylogeographic structures of an alpine plant and its monophagous insect

Aim To predict the fate of alpine interactions involving specialized species, using a monophagous beetle and its host plant as a case study. Location The Alps. Methods We investigated genetic structuring of the herbivorous beetle Oreina gloriosa and its specific host‐plant Peucedanum ostruthium. We used genome fingerprinting (in the insect and the plant) and sequence data (in the insect) to compare the distribution of the main gene pools in the two associated species and to estimate divergence time in the insect, a proxy for the temporal origin of the interaction. We quantified the similarity in spatial genetic structures by performing a Procrustes analysis, a tool from shape theory. Finally, we simulated recolonization of an empty space analogous to the deglaciated Alps just after ice retreat by two lineages from two species showing unbalanced dependence, to examine how timing of the recolonization process, as well as dispersal capacities of associated species, could explain the observed pattern. Results Contrasting with expectations based on their asymmetrical dependence, patterns in the beetle and plant were congruent at a large scale. Exceptions occurred at a regional scale in areas of admixture, matching known suture zones in Alpine plants. Simulations using a lattice‐based model suggested these empirical patterns arose during or soon after recolonization, long after the estimated origin of the interaction c. 0.5 million years ago. Main conclusions Species‐specific interactions are scarce in alpine habitats because glacial cycles have limited the opportunities for co‐evolution. Their fate, however, remains uncertain under climate change. Here we show that whereas most dispersal routes are paralleled at a large scale, regional incongruence implies that the destinies of the species might differ under changing climate. This may be a consequence of the host dependence of the beetle, which locally limits the establishment of dispersing insects.     

云前胡的萜类成分研究

从云前胡(Peucedanum rubricauleSheh et Shan)的乙醇提取物中首次分离并鉴定了4个萜类化合物,分别为sinodielides A(1)、B(2),积雪草酸(asiatic acid,3)和乌苏酸(ursolic acid,4)。     

石防风原生质体遗传转化及抗除草剂植株的再生

以石防风（Ｐｅｕｃｅｄａｎｕｍｔｅｒｅｂｉｎｔｈａｃｅｕｍ（Ｆｉｓｃｈ．）Ｆｉｓｃｈ．ｅｘＴｕｒｃｚ．）叶柄愈伤组织为材料建立以致密细胞团为主的悬浮培养物,用酶解法获得原生质体。用ＰＥＧ法将拟南芥菜（Ａｒａｂｉｄｏｐｓｉｓｔｈａｌｉａｎａ（Ｌ．）Ｈｅｙｎｈ．）抗除草剂基因导入原生质体后进行液体浅层培养。转化细胞经除草剂ｃｈｌｏｒｓｕｌｆｕｒｏｎ筛选,通过胚状体途径产生抗性小植株。转化处理１０６个原生质体,以加入４０～５０μｇ／ｍＬ质粒ＤＮＡ,ＰＥＧ终浓度为１０％,于１ｍＬ转化介质中,２６℃黑暗下处理２０ｍｉｎ的效果最好。ｃｔＤＮＡ的加入对转化结果无明显影响。分子杂交试验表明,突变的ａｌｓ基因已整合进转化植株的基因组中。转基因植株的细胞在脱分化过程中仍具有抗ｃｈｌｏｒｓｕｌｆｕｒｏｎ的能力;移栽成活的转基因小苗仍表现出抗除草剂特性,而未转化的植株在低浓度除草剂下即逐渐死亡。表明转入的ａｌｓ基因在石防风细胞内能够稳定表达。     

闽产前胡根挥发油的化学成分及其抑菌活性

采用GC-MS技术分析了闽产前胡（Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn)根挥发油的化学组成,共鉴定了38种化学成分并测定其相对含量,占总含量的77.97%。其中,β-水茴香萜（9.52%),α-没药醇（8.44%),β-蒎烯（5.22%)为主要成分。此外,倍半萜及其氧化物如石竹烯（2.62%)。长叶烯（2.36%)及Z-9-十五烯醇（3.72%)含量也较多,对4种供试病原菌的体外抑菌实验表明,该军发油对大肠杆菌,伤寒杆菌和弗氏志贺氏菌有一定的抑制或杀灭能力。     

四川前胡属的花粉形态及系统学意义

通过光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察了前胡属 Peucedanum L.7种植物的花粉形态 .研究结果表明 :该属花粉为三棱长球形 ;三孔沟 ,边孔 ;外壁两层 ,层次分明 .根据花粉形态可归为 :矩形型和赤道收缩形型二个类型 ,其演化趋势为矩形型→赤道收缩形型 .研究结果支持了关于前胡属在伞形科中是一个较自然和较进化的类群的观点 .本文从孢粉学角度还初步分析了该属的属下系统 ,为该属的系统学研究提供基础资料     

中国伞形科两新种

本文记载了产于我国云南的亮蛇床属植物新种长萼亮蛇床和四川前胡属新种木里前胡。     

华山前胡根的化学成分

华山前胡（PeucedanumledebourielloidesK．T.Fu）分布于陕西省秦岭地区。其根在当地作为防风的代用品入药,化学成分未见报道。笔者对其化学成分进行了分析,共检出镰叶芹醇等8种化合物。实验部分华山前胡干燥根1500g,1991年10月采于陕西华山。干燥根剪碎后先后用乙醚、95％乙醇回流提取。乙醚提取物上硅胶柱,以正己烷：乙酸乙酯梯度洗脱。洗脱液以薄层层折点样展开后在紫外灯下观察,对有萤光或吸收的组分再进行分离精制,以核磁共振与质谱等方法鉴定结构。对在洗脱液中自行析出的结晶（基酸类）及由乙醇提取液浓缩后桥出的结晶（甘设…