Fluorescence resonance energy transfer for investigation of the interaction of Para Red with serum albumins

Para Red (PR) has been isolated from food additives, and shown to be toxic to humans. To facilitate examination of its toxicity, the interaction between PR and serum albumins (SA) was studied using fluorescence quenching and circular dichroism (CD) spectrophotometry. The experiments showed that the fluorescence intensity of serum albumins decreased with increasing concentrations of PR, which resulted from the binding of PR and SA. The binding constant, number of binding sites and thermodynamic parameters were calculated and hydrogen bond and van der Waals interactions were shown to play a key role in the binding process. Competition experiments indicated that PR mainly binds to Trp residues of SA within the site I. As the CD and three‐dimensional spectra revealed, the addition of PR induced a conformational change in SA. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

类根瘤对烟草叶片中叶绿体及其淀粉粒含量的影响

目的：探讨类根瘤对烟草叶片中的叶绿体及其淀粉粒含量的影响。方法：无菌培养烟草再生植株,其中一部分经过一定浓度的2,4－D与豇豆根瘤菌512快生型突变株菌液诱导处理,另外一部分为对照。运用常规电镜技术制作叶片厚切片,通过显微观察,对两组烟草叶片细胞中的叶绿体及其淀粉粒含量进行对比分析。结果：结瘤植株叶片细胞内的叶绿体含量虽然与对照之间无明显差异,但叶片栅栏组织和海绵组织细胞内淀粉粒的含量却均较对照减少,其中前者减少更为明显（P＜0.05)。结论：结瘤烟草叶片内光合产物的大量同化可能与类根瘤的形成有关。     

Structural determination of the oligosaccharides in the milk of an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus)

Milk of an Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), collected at 11 days post partum, contained 91 g/L of hexose and 3 g/L of sialic acid. The dominant saccharide in this milk sample was lactose, but it also contained isoglobotriose (Glc(alpha1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc) as well as a variety of sialyl oligosaccharides. The sialyl oligosaccharides were separated from neutral saccharides by anion exchange chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and successive gel chromatography on Bio Gel P-2. They were purified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using an Amide-80 column and characterized by 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Their structures were determined to be those of 3'-sialyllactose, 6'-sialyllactose, monofucosyl monosialyl lactose (Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]Glc), sialyl lacto-N-neotetraose c (LST c), galactosyl monosialyl lacto-N-neohexaose, galactosyl monofucosyl monosialyl lacto-N-neohexaose and three novel oligosaccharides as follows: Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc, Neu5Ac(alpha2-6)Gal(beta1-4)GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc, and Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]GlcNAc(beta1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc. The higher oligosaccharides contained only the type II chain (Gal(beta1-4)GlcNAc); this finding differed from previously published data on Asian elephant milk oligosaccharides.     

DSA引导下选择性脊神经根阻滞对腰椎间盘突出症临床疗效分析

目的：分析DSA引导下选择性脊神经根阻滞对腰椎间盘突出症,临床疗效。方法：将86例腰椎间盘突出症患者随机均分为SNRB组及PVB组。SNRB组患者采用DSA引导下选择性脊神经根阻滞。PVB组采用腰椎旁神经阻滞。对比两组患者用药、治疗前及治疗7d、14d时VAS评分、治疗7d及治疗14d时疗效及不良反应。结果：SNRB组患者在局麻药及得宝松用量上均明显低于PVB组（P〈0．01）。SNRB需加用口服镇痛药比例（6．98％）明显低于PVB（32．56％）（P〈0．01）。治疗7d及14d时,SNRB组VAS分值均明显低于PVB组（P〈0．01）。治疗7d后,SNRB组治疗总有效率达79．07％,明显高于PVB组总有效率（55．81％）（P〈0．05）;治疗14d后,SNRB组总有效率达95_35％,明显高于PVB组（74．42％）（P〈0．01）。SNRB组不良反应发生率为4．65％。PVB组不良反应发生率为18．60％。PVB组不良反应发生率高于SNRB组（P〈0．05）。结论：DSA引导下选择性脊神经根阻滞具有阻滞用药少,阻滞效果更好,作用准确及安全的优点。     

The role of fire in germinating Wild Rice (Oryza meridionalis), an annual grass of northern Australian wetlands threatened by exotic grass invasion

Para Grass (Urochloa mutica (Forssk.) Nguyen) has invaded large areas of north Australian wetlands, out‐competing native flora. Post‐fire observations indicated that the native grass, Wild Rice (Oryza meridionalis Ng), re‐established where gaps in Para grass mats had been created by burning. We tested whether it was fire itself or simply the removal of Para Grass that promoted Wild Rice, by subjecting comparable buried seed batches to one of three treatments: fire (at two intensities) and no fire. Subsequent germination tests confirmed current laboratory research that suggests post‐fire promotion of Wild Rice is not a function of fire per se (neither heat or smoke) but is likely to be due to the removal of the smothering grass layer, even though fire is a efficient way of removing Para Grass.     

鄂西晚三叠世几种古生代的孑遗植物及其意义

鄂西荆当盆地的九里岗组,化石植物比较丰富。本文着重报道其中两种,即疏脉蕉羊齿(新种)(Compsopteris laxivenosa sp.nov.)和西河蕉羊齿(新组合)[C.xiheensis(Feng),comb.nov.]此外,还订正了副镰羽叶属(Paradrepanozamites),描述了大道场副镰羽叶(新订正)(Paradrepanozamites dadaochangensis Chen,emend.nov.)和小副镰羽叶(新种)(P.minorsp.nov.)等中生代新资料。在本植物组合中,中生代和古生代植物化石属同层位出现,这一现象说明九里岗组的地质时代,可能属晚三叠世的卡尼期—诺利期的早期。     

番荔枝西宁甲—一个新的邻叁四氢呋喃环型番荔枝内酯

从番荔枝（Ａｎｎｏｎａ ｓｑｕａｍ ｏｓａ Ｌ．）的种子中分离鉴定了一个番荔枝内酯的新类型——邻叁四氢呋喃环型的Ｃ３６的化合物,命名为番荔枝西宁甲。