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椰眼蝶生物学特性初步研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
椰眼蝶ElymniashypermnestrahainanaMr.取食假按榔ArchontophoenixalexandlWendletDrude等棕桐科园林植物。该虫一年发生3代,以幼虫或蛹在叶片上越冬。4月上旬成虫羽化,幼虫5龄。喜食叶片顶端,叶片基部仅在大发生时才取食。5~6月、8~9月、11月为取食高峰期。幼虫可被螳螂、绒茧蜂、广大腿小蜂等天敌控制,蛹可被瘤姬蜂等寄生。 相似文献
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海南山蛭对土壤湿度和气温的适应 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在室内以土壤湿度梯度作为海南山蛭Haemadipsa hainana的栖息试验表明,海南山蛭栖息于含水量的15.1%-16.77%水分的土壤表面;野外调查表明,海南岛橡胶林内海南山蛭栖息于16.54%-17.66%含水量的土壤表面;热带雨林者栖息于19.92%-25.73%含水量的土壤,室内实验表明,海南山蛭爬向30-35℃温度范围,占试验蛭数79.15%,在8-9℃不活动,10℃能山蛭活动,随温度升高活动蛭数增加,而15℃试验蛭答部活动,活动蛭数与温度关系为Y-18.6Z-172.3,R-0.976,P=0.01。在橡胶林内8-9℃山蛭不活动;10℃开始有山蛭活动,且随温度升高活动蛭数增加,当17℃时所有山蛭活动,活动蛭数与温度关系Y=4.73X-3.97,R=0.93,P=0.1。首次使用土壤湿度梯度测定山蛭对土壤湿度的要求,这是一个新的有普遍意义的方法,并讨论了海南山蛭对土壤湿度气温的适应。 相似文献
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Spider venoms are complex mixtures of neurotoxicpeptides, proteins and low molecular mass organicmolecules. Their neurotoxic activity is due to the interac-tion of the venom components with cellular receptors, inparticular ion channels. Spider venoms have… 相似文献
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Yi Kong Tianhua Yan Feifei Feng Jianmin Bian Yan Yang Haining Yu 《Journal of peptide science》2011,17(7):540-544
The defensin‐like antimicrobial peptides have been characterized from various other arthropods including insects, scorpions, and ticks. But no natural spider defensin‐like antimicrobial peptides have ever been isolated from spiders, except couple of cDNA and DNA sequences of five spider species revealed by previous genomic study. In this work, a defensin‐like antimicrobial peptide named Oh‐defensin was purified and characterized from the venoms of the spider, Ornithoctonus hainana. Oh‐defensin is composed of 52 amino acid (aa) residues including six Cys residues that possibly form three disulfide bridges. Its aa sequence is MLCKLSMFGAVLGV PACAIDCLPMGKTGGSCEGGVCGCRKLTFKILWDKKFG. By BLAST search, Oh‐defensin showed significant sequence similarity to other arthropod antimicrobial peptides of the defensin family. Oh‐defensin exerted potent antimicrobial activities against tested microorganisms including Gram‐positive bacteria, Gram‐negative bacteria, and fungi. The cDNA encoding Oh‐defensin precursor was also cloned from the cDNA library of O. hainana. Copyright © 2011 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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海南山蛭种群数量动态与气象因素关系研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在海南岛橡胶林内,每月观测海南山蛭Haemadipsa hainana种群数量Ba,用逐步回归分析方法研究了10个气象因子对海南山6种数量的影响,结果表明,1)每年海南山蛭种群数量不同,6a间影响海南山蛭种群数量的主要气候因素是X1(月雨量)、X3(月雨日)和X5(月有露日数);2)海南岛5~10月份为雨季,海南山蛭这种群数量明显增大,影响山蛭种群数量的主要气候因素是X5和X16(月最大风速和)和 相似文献
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We have sequenced the complete mitochondrial genomes of the spiders Heptathela hangzhouensis and Ornithoctonus huwena. Both genomes encode 13 protein-coding genes, 22 tRNA genes, and 2 ribosomal RNA genes. H. hangzhouensis, a species of the suborder Mesothelae and a representative of the most basal clade of Araneae, possesses a gene order identical to that of Limulus polyphemus of Xiphosura. On the other hand, O. huwena, a representative of suborder Opisthothelae, infraorder Mygalomorphae, was found to have seven tRNA genes positioned differently from those of Limulus. The rrnL–trnL1–nad1 arrangement shared by the araneomorph families Salticidae, Nesticidae, and Linyphiidae and the mygalomorph family Theraphosidae is a putative synapomorphy joining the mygalomorph with the araneomorph. Between the two species examined, base compositions also differ significantly. The lengths of most protein-coding genes in H. hangzhouensis and O. huwena mtDNA are either identical to or slightly shorter than their Limulus counterparts. Usage of initiation and termination codons in these protein-coding genes seems to follow patterns conserved among most arthropod and some other metazoan mitochondrial genomes. The sequences of the 3 ends of rrnS and rrnL in the two species are similar to those reported for Limulus, and the entire genes are shortened by about 100–250 nucleotides with respect to Limulus. The lengths of most tRNA genes from the two species are distinctly shorter than those of Limulus and the sequences reveal unusual inferred tRNA secondary structures. Our finding provides new molecular evidence supporting that the suborder Mesothelae is basal to opisthothelids.Reviewing Editor Dr. Rafael Zardoya 相似文献
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在长沙地区,虎纹捕鸟蛛幼蛛和成蛛的入蛰时间分别为11月中旬和11月底至12月上旬;出蛰时间分别为翌年3月下旬和3月中旬,冬眠期蜘蛛的成活率主要由土温高低决定.虎纹捕鸟蛛具有较强的耐饥力. 相似文献
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不同农药对海南山蛭毒力测定及其防治研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
在室内,利用速灭杀丁,叶蝉散,杀虫双,乐果,三氯杀螨,草甘膦等6种农药对海南山蛭(Haemadipsa hainane)进行毒力测定,比较各种农药LK50表明,速灭杀丁>叶蝉散>三氯杀螨醇>杀虫双>乐果,除草剂草苷膦对海南山蛭完全无毒杀作用,草甘膦+速灭杀丁对海南山蛭仍有很强的毒杀作用,海南山蛭对速灭杀丁的敏感性为,成体>幼体>亚成体,在田间小区试验表明,1.5%速灭杀丁防治效果为95.08%,大面积应用表明“草苷膦药液+0.5%速灭杀丁”防治效果最好,达94.74%,“草甘膦药液+1%叶蝉散乳油”防治效果次之,达90.5%,草甘膦+灭蛭农药是防治山蛭好药剂,达到灭蛭除草的目的。 相似文献