荒漠绿洲过渡带柽柳灌丛沙堆特征及其空间异质性

以甘肃金塔县和内蒙古额济纳旗的荒漠绿洲过渡带为研究区,研究了戈壁和沙漠两种生境中柽柳灌丛沙堆的形态特征,定量分析了不同生境中柽柳灌丛沙堆形态参数间的关系、空间格局以及空间异质性.结果表明:(1)大部分沙堆为独立型,在沙漠生境通常沿风向形成沙堆链(额济纳NE 83°15',金塔NE 53°13').沙堆高度、体积和植被冠幅的均值在戈壁生境均小于沙漠生境,植被高度和盖度的均值在戈壁生境均大于沙漠生境.此外,沙堆高度、体积和植被冠幅、高度、盖度的最大均值都出现在额济纳,依次为4.47 m、1133.5 m3、534.5 m2、2.27 m和0.47.(2)沙堆长短轴间、体积和冠幅间均为线性关系;沙堆高度和面积间的回归曲线为抛物线;植被冠幅和高度的回归曲线在戈壁生境是抛物线,沙漠生境中却是线性关系.(3)戈壁生境中沙堆相互分隔呈斑块状格局,沙漠生境中呈沙丘链状分布.(4)空间异质性由非随机的结构原因形成的变异为主,在额济纳的空间异质性高于金塔.空间相关性在额济纳戈壁生境中较强,沙漠生境和金塔戈壁生境中属于中等程度;在金塔空间异质性存在由随机的原因形成变异为主的可能性,其环境因素对空间异质性产生大的影响.此外,结论表明高强度的风积产生较深的沙埋对柽柳灌丛生长的促进作用及灌丛与沙堆间的反馈效应是柽柳灌丛沙堆的适应性机理.     

Characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas in desert-oasis ecotones

We investigated the morphological characteristics of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas in the desert-oasis ecotones that were located in Jinta County and Ejin, China. Also, we quantitatively analyzed the relationships among the morphological parameters, spatial pattern and spatial heterogeneity. The results indicate that (1) Most of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas is of independent type. The average values of Nebkhas height, volume and plant canopy diameter in the Gobi are smaller than those in the desert, whereas the average values of plant height and coverage are on the contrary. All parameter values in Ejin are larger than those in Jinta. (2) There are linear relationships between the long and the short axes, and the volume and the plant canopy diameter of the Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas. The regression curve of Nebkhas height and area is parabolic, and that of the plant height and canopy diameter is parabolic in the Gobi while linear in the desert. (3) The spatial pattern shows a mosaic pattern in the Gobi, while it forms Nebkhas chain distribution along the wind orientation in the desert. (4) The spatial heterogeneity is mostly caused by the non-stochastic reason, and it is higher in Ejin than in Jinta. In addition, the conclusions indicate that the stimulative action of deep sand bury, caused by high strength aeolian accumulation, to the growth of Tamarix ramosissima and the feedback effect between Tamarix ramosissima and Nebkha are the adaptability mechanisms of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas.     

Characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas in desert-oasis ecotones

We investigated the morphological characteristics of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas in the desert-oasis ecotones that were located in Jinta County and Ejin, China. Also, we quantitatively analyzed the relationships among the morphological parameters, spatial pattern and spatial heterogeneity. The results indicate that (1) Most of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas is of independent type. The average values of Nebkhas height, volume and plant canopy diameter in the Gobi are smaller than those in the desert, whereas the average values of plant height and coverage are on the contrary. All parameter values in Ejin are larger than those in Jinta. (2) There are linear relationships between the long and the short axes, and the volume and the plant canopy diameter of the Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas. The regression curve of Nebkhas height and area is parabolic, and that of the plant height and canopy diameter is parabolic in the Gobi while linear in the desert. (3) The spatial pattern shows a mosaic pattern in the Gobi, while it forms Nebkhas chain distribution along the wind orientation in the desert. (4) The spatial heterogeneity is mostly caused by the non-stochastic reason, and it is higher in Ejin than in Jinta. In addition, the conclusions indicate that the stimulative action of deep sand bury, caused by high strength aeolian accumulation, to the growth of Tamarix ramosissima and the feedback effect between Tamarix ramosissima and Nebkha are the adaptability mechanisms of Tamarix ramosissima Nebkhas.