氮、磷、钾肥配施对'红叶'南天竹叶片色素和 可溶性糖含量的影响及相关性分析

以2年生'红叶'南天竹(Nandina domestica'Hongye')盆栽苗为实验材料,根据L16(45)正交实验设计进行3因素(包括氮、磷和钾肥)4水平(N单株施用量分别为0.0、18.4、36.8和55.2 mg,P2O5单株施用量分别为0.0、14.4、28.8和43.2 mg,K2 O单株施用量分别为0.0、0.8、1.6和2.4 mg)施肥实验,对2015年11月5日至2016年1月20日期间各组叶片的光合色素(包括叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素和类胡萝卜素)、花色素苷和可溶性糖含量进行了比较;在此基础上,对叶片色素和可溶性糖含量及各肥料单株施用量进行了Pearson相关性分析.结果表明:总体来看,各组的光合色素和可溶性糖含量显著高于对照(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量均为0.0 mg)组,而花色素苷含量则显著低于对照组.其中,T14(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量分别为55.2、14.4和1.6 mg)、T15(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量分别为55.2、28.8和0.8 mg)和T16(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量分别为55.2、43.2和0.0 mg)组的光合色素含量均较高,T2(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量分别为0.0、14.4和0.8 mg)、T3(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量分别为0.0、28.8和1.6 mg)和T4(N、P2O5和K2O单株施用量分别为0.0、43.2和2.4 mg)组的花色素苷含量均较高,T3和T4组的可溶性糖含量均较低.极差分析结果表明:N单株施用量对光合色素含量的影响最大,K2 O单株施用量的影响最小;N单株施用量对花色素苷和可溶性糖含量的影响最大,P2 O5单株施用量的影响最小.相关性分析结果表明:N单株施用量与各光合色素含量呈极显著正相关,与可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关,与花色素苷含量呈极显著负相关;而P2O5和K2O单株施用量与上述指标的相关性均不显著.各光合色素含量间存在极显著正相关,并与可溶性糖含量呈显著正相关,与花色素苷含量呈极显著负相关.此外,花色素苷含量与可溶性糖含量呈显著负相关.研究结果显示:高氮能够延长'红叶'南天竹的绿叶期,低氮能够促进其叶片呈现红色,因此,在园林栽培过程中应根据实际需要施肥.     

Antifungal potential of essential oil and various organic extracts of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nandina domestica</Emphasis> Thunb. against skin infectious fungal pathogens

This study was undertaken to assess the in vitro antifungal potential of the essential oil and n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts of Nandina domestica Thunb. against dermatophytes, the casual agents of superficial infections in animals and human beings. The oil (1,000 μg/disc) and extracts (1,500 μg/disc) revealed 31.1–68.6% and 19.2–55.1% antidermatophytic effect against Trichophyton rubrum KCTC 6345, T. rubrum KCTC 6375, T. rubrum KCTC 6352, Trichophyton mentagrophytes KCTC 6085, T. mentagrophytes KCTC 6077, T. mentagrophytes KCTC 6316, Microsporum canis KCTC 6591, M. canis KCTC 6348, and M. canis KCTC 6349, respectively, along with their respective minimum inhibitory concentration values ranging from 62.5 to 500 and 125 to 2,000 μg/ml. Also, the oil had strong detrimental effect on spore germination of all the tested dermatophytic fungi as well as concentration and time-dependent kinetic inhibition of T. rubrum KCTC 6375. The present results demonstrated that N. domestica mediated oil and extracts could be potential sources of natural fungicides to control certain important dermatophytic fungi.     

4种小檗科植物叶片的蛋白质及氨基酸组成分析

蛋白质和氨基酸是植物体内重要的营养物质,研究药用植物的蛋白质和氨基酸组成对药用植物资源的合理开发和综合利用具有重要意义,但目前对药用植物次生代谢物的研究较为广泛（如黄酮类化合物[1-2],而对其初生代谢物的研究相对较少[3-4]。     

南天竹属的花部器官发生及其系统学意义

报道了南天竹（ＮａｎｄｉｎａｄｏｍｅｓｔｉｃａＴｈｕｎｂ．）（小檗科）的花部器官发生。发现该属植物萼片、花瓣和雄蕊的发生式样为三数轮生;雄蕊与花瓣是经它们所具有的共同原基进行侧向分裂而形成的;花瓣发育早期存在迟滞发育的阶段;心皮发生属于瓶状发生类型。讨论了花器官的三基数性质,小檗科花瓣的来源,雄蕊对瓣着生及单心皮雌蕊的形成等问题。对本属的花部个体发育性状同小檗科中已有报道的红毛七属（Ｃａｕｌｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ）、足叶草属（Ｐｏｄｏｐｈｙｌｕｍ）进行了比较,萼片多数轮列与心皮发生的多态现象是南天竹属的独特性状。     

Characterization of a novel hydroxynitrile lyase from Nandina domestica Thunb

The leaves of Nandina domestica Thunb. exhibited high hydroxynitrile lyase (HNL) activity in (R)-mandelonitrile synthesis. The specific activity of young leaves was significantly higher than that of mature leaves. We isolated two HNLs with molecular mass of 24.9 kDa (NdHNL-S) and 28.0 kDa (NdHNL-L) from the young leaves. Both NdHNLs were composed of two identical subunits, without FAD and carbohydrates. We purified NdHNL-L and revealed its enzymatic properties. The whole deduced amino acid sequence of NdHNL-L was not homologous to any other HNLs, and the specific activity for mandelonitrile synthesis by NdHNL-L was higher than that by other plant HNLs. The enzyme catalyzed enantioselective synthesis of (R)-cyanohydrins, exhibited high activity at pH 4.0, and high stability in the pH range of 3.5–8.0 and below 55°C. Thus, NdHNL-L is a novel HNL with novel amino acid sequence and has a potential for the efficient production of (R)-cyanohydrins.     

南天竹两品种的组培快繁技术

以火焰南天竹和尖叶南天竹茎段与茎尖为外植体,研究不定芽诱导、增殖和生根技术。结果表明,两品种的最佳增殖培养基均为MS＋6-BA 1.0 mg·L^-1＋NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1;在培养基1/2MS＋NAA 0.1 mg·L^-1＋IBA 0.1 mg·L^-1中,尖叶南天竹生根率可达100%,而火焰南天竹生根率仅73.5%;将火焰南天竹的生根材料在该生根培养基中接种后培养15 d,再转入经γ射线辐射灭菌的椰糠中,可将生根率提高至92.0%,且植株生长健壮。     

不同土壤-南天竹系统的土壤酶活性分异

石灰岩退化生态系统的恢复离不开土壤基质的改善。采用盆栽法,研究了生长在黑色石灰土、紫色土、黄壤3种不同土壤类型中的南天竹土壤酶活性的情况。试验表明:淀粉酶、碱性磷酸酶、天门冬酰胺酶的活性均表现出黑色石灰土>紫色土>黄壤,三者之间差异显著(p<0.05)。而脲酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化物酶活性则是紫色土>黑色石灰土>黄壤,三者之间差异也达到显著水平(p<0.05)。土壤理化性质与土壤酶活性的相关分析说明土壤pH和全磷(P)对土壤酶的活性影响不大,而不同土壤类型中的全氮(N)和土壤含水率与部分土壤酶活性呈显著相关。不同土壤类型的土壤酶相关性表现各异。     

Enantiomeric separation of racemic 1-benzyl-N-methyltetrahydroisoquinolines on chiral columns and chiral purity determinations of the O-methylated metabolites in plant cell cultures by HPLC-CD on-line coupling in combination with HPLC-MS

Effective enantiomeric separations of 1-benzyl-N-methyltetrahydroisoquinolines were achieved using commercially available Chiralcel OD-H and OJ-H columns. Online LC-CD analysis allowed for the establishment of a correlation between the absolute configuration of the separated enantiomers and their characteristic CD transitions. LC-MS combined with LC-CD analysis permitted chiral purity determinations of O-methylated metabolites of nine phenolic 1-benzyl-N-methyltetrahydroisoquinolines in cell cultures of Corydalis, Macleaya, and Nandina species.     

南天竹不同叶色与若干生理生化指标关系的研究

本文研究南天竹不同叶色的叶片叶绿素、花青素、可溶性糖含量和气孔密度、POD、CAT活性的变化。结果表明,南天竹叶色差异与花青素、叶绿素含量有关,绿叶花青素含量低、叶绿素含量高;红叶则相反。此外,红叶下表皮气孔数目少,气孔小;绿叶气孔数目多,气孔大。红叶的可溶性糖含量明显高于绿叶,而POD和CAT活性低于绿叶。     

南天竹微卫星标记开发及特性分析（英文）

南天竹(Nandina domestica)是一种具有较高观赏价值的常绿灌木。本研究从南天竹基因组中开发和筛选出10个微卫星位点,能在该物种中进行稳定PCR扩增且具一定的多态性。采用4个南天竹群体24个个体进行检测发现,每个位点的等位基因数为2~6,期望杂合度和表观杂合度分别为0.153~0.778和0~1。本研究结果为后续对南天竹遗传多样性的研究打下了基础。另外,这10个位点在小檗科4个其他物种中也有一定的通用性。