饱和粘土中的三氯乙烯迁移特性

利用土柱模型以及吸附实验,分析不同ＮａＣｌ浓度情况下,三氯乙烯（ＴＣＥ）在蒙脱土和高岭土中的迁移特性．从实验中得到的等温吸附曲线表明,ＴＣＥ在蒙脱土中的吸附分配系数比在高岭土中的分配系数大３～８倍．由此可认为蒙脱上是一种可用于环境治理的天然材料．     

Bacterial Diversity and Biogeochemical Processes of Oil-Contaminated Groundwater,Baoding, North China

A total of 43 groundwater samples were collected from 9 multimonitoring wells at a petrochemical site, Baoding City, North China, from June 2008 to December 2009 to investigate the biogeochemical processes and/or bacterial conmmunity using both culture-dependent and -independent methods. The results showed that aromatic hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons were the major pollutants in the groundwater. Denitrification and iron reduction might be the main biogeochemical processes in the aquifers at this site, which seemed to transform from denitrification-dominated to iron reduction-dominated in some sections. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) revealed that the dominant bacterial groups of the groundwater were related to some oil-degrading bacteria, which can grow under denitrifying, iron-reducing and sulfate-reducing anaerobic conditions. In some serious contaminated groundwater niches, there might be sulfur cycles, as sulfur oxidizer was also abundant, which was further confirmed by 16S rRNA gene cloning analysis. The operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that highly related to Pseudomonas sp., Hydrogenophaga sp., Sphingomonas sp., Ferribacterium sp. and Sulfuricurvum Kujiense etc. were predominant in the groundwater contaminated by chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs), benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) and/or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), respectively. Biodiversity seemed to be undermined by oil contamination, and varied with seasons. The bacterial community in the contaminated groundwater was largely determined by the groundwater geochemistry.