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排序方式: 共有259条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Different CMS sources found in Beta vulgaris ssp maritima: mitochondrial variability in wild populations revealed by a rapid screening procedure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. Saumitou-Laprade G. J. A. Rouwendal J. Cuguen F. A. Krens G. Michaelis 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1993,85(5):529-535
Summary Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variation in natural Beta maritima populations has been characterized by way of Southern blot hybridizations of total DNA using non-radioactive probes and chemiluminescent detection. It was found that the previously described N (normal) mitochondrial type could be subdivided into three subtypes. A new mitochondrial genotype (type R) was distinguished in addition to the previously described type S. Both are male-sterile cytoplasms and can produce a. segregation of sexual phenotypes in their progenies depending on the nuclear background. The populations contained at least two to four different mitochondrial genotypes. 相似文献
2.
SSCP analysis of pig mitochondrial DNA D-loop region polymorphism 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The sequence polymorphism that occurs in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) displacement (D)-loop region is useful as a cytoplasmic DNA marker. We cloned the mtDNA D-loop regions of five breeds of pig by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and determined their sequences. The sequence diversities in D-loop regions among five breeds of pig were located in the starting area of heavy-strand replication. From these sequences, we designed primers for PCR-mediated single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analysis that amplified the most polymorphic 227 bp fragment of the D-loop region. The results of PCR-SSCP analysis clearly showed that four types of polymorphism (A to D) are found in Landrace (A), Large White (A, B), Duroc (A), Göttingen miniature pig (B) and Meishan (C, D). The same polymorphisms were also detected from each porcine embryo by this method. Our results show that PCR-SSCP analysis is useful in detecting polymorphisms in the D-loop region of pigs and pig embryos. 相似文献
3.
Structure and evolution of teleost mitochondrial control regions 总被引:50,自引:0,他引:50
Woo-Jai Lee Janet Conroy W. Huntting Howell Thomas D. Kocher 《Journal of molecular evolution》1995,41(1):54-66
We amplified and sequenced the mitochondrial control region from 23 species representing six families of teleost fish. The length of this segment is highly variable among even closely related species due to the presence of tandemly repeated sequences and large insertions. The position of the repetitive sequences suggests that they arise during replication both near the origin of replication and at the site of termination of the D-loop strand. Many of the conserved sequence blocks (CSBs) observed in mammals are also found among fish. In particular, the mammalian CSB-D is present in all of the fish species studied. Study of potential secondary structures of RNAs from the conserved regions provides little insight into the functional constraints on these regions. The variable structure of these control regions suggests that particular care should be taken to identify the most appropriate segment for studies of intraspecific variation.
Correspondence to: T.D. Kocher 相似文献
4.
Nobushige Ishida Tsendsuren Oyunsuren Suguru Mashima Harutaka Mukoyama Naruya Saitou 《Journal of molecular evolution》1995,41(2):180-188
The noncoding region between tRNAPro and the large conserved sequence block is the most variable region in the mammalian mitochondrial DNA D-loop region. This variable region (ca. 270 bp) of four species of Equus, including Mongolian and Japanese native domestic horses as well as Przewalskii's (or Mongolian) wild horse, were sequenced. These data were compared with our recently published Thoroughbred horse mitochondrial DNA sequences. The evolutionary rate of this region among the four species of Equus was estimated to be 2–4 × 10–8 per site per year. Phylogenetic trees of Equus species demonstrate that Przewalskii's wild horse is within the genetic variation among the domestic horse. This suggests that the chromosome number change (probably increase) of the Przewalskii's wild horse occurred rather recently.Correspondence to: N. Ishida 相似文献
5.
W.W. Hauswirth P.J. Laipis M.E. Gilman T.W. OBrien G.S. Michaels M.A. Rayfield 《Gene》1980,8(2):193-209
Using a physical map of bovine mitochondrial DNA derived from the liver of a single Holstein cow, we have determined the location of the genes specifying the large and small riibosomal RNAs by hybridization analysis and electron microscopic observations of R-loop forms. Also, the position of the origin of DNA replication (D-loop) has been located by electron microscopy. Additionally, the direction of D-loop expansion and the polarity of the large and small ribosomal RNA genes were determined. 相似文献
6.
7.
对云南4个种群38个个体的线粒体控制区(D-loop)905 bp的核苷酸序列遗传变异进行分析,探讨了高山姬鼠种群遗传结构和分化。在905 bp D-loop基因的碱基序列中,共发现了57个变异位点(全变异的6.30%),共定义了23个单倍型,其中有一个单倍型(Hap1)为横断山3个种群(中甸、丽江和剑川)所共享,其余22个单倍型均为各个种群所特有。分子变异分析(AMOVA)表明,种群间的遗传变异占33.7%,种群内的遗传变异占66.3%。FST统计结果表明,除昆明种群和横断山种群之间差异显著(P〈0.05),其它地理种群间的差异均不显著(P〉0.05),说明昆明种群与横断山种群之间出现了明显的遗传分化。 相似文献
8.
Tenzin Gayden Annabel Perez Patrice J. Persad Areej Bukhari Shilpa Chennakrishnaiah Tanya Simms Trisha Maloney Kristina Rodriguez Rene J. Herrera 《American journal of physical anthropology》2013,151(2):169-182
The Himalayan mountain range is strategically located at the crossroads of the major cultural centers in Asia, the Middle East and Europe. Although previous Y‐chromosome studies indicate that the Himalayas served as a natural barrier for gene flow from the south to the Tibetan plateau, this region is believed to have played an important role as a corridor for human migrations between East and West Eurasia along the ancient Silk Road. To evaluate the effects of the Himalayan mountain range in shaping the maternal lineages of populations residing on either side of the cordillera, we analyzed mitochondrial DNA variation in 344 samples from three Nepalese collections (Newar, Kathmandu and Tamang) and a general population of Tibet. Our results revealed a predominantly East Asian‐specific component in Tibet and Tamang, whereas Newar and Kathmandu are both characterized by a combination of East and South Central Asian lineages. Interestingly, Newar and Kathmandu harbor several deep‐rooted Indian lineages, including M2, R5, and U2, whose coalescent times from this study (U2, >40 kya) and previous reports (M2 and R5, >50 kya) suggest that Nepal was inhabited during the initial peopling of South Central Asia. Comparisons with our previous Y‐chromosome data indicate sex‐biased migrations in Tamang and a founder effect and/or genetic drift in Tamang and Newar. Altogether, our results confirm that while the Himalayas acted as a geographic barrier for human movement from the Indian subcontinent to the Tibetan highland, it also served as a conduit for gene flow between Central and East Asia. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:169–182, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
9.
Faecal genetic analysis to determine the presence and distribution of elusive carnivores: design and feasibility for the Iberian lynx 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Noninvasive methods using genetic markers have been suggested as ways to overcome difficulties associated with documenting the presence of elusive species. We present and assess a novel, reliable and effective molecular genetic technique for the unequivocal genetic identification of faeces from the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus). From mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome b and D-loop region sequences, we designed four species-specific primers (for products 130-161 bp long) that were considered to be likely to amplify degraded DNA. We compared two DNA extraction methods, various DNA amplification conditions and the robustness and specificity of the primer pairs with 87 lynx samples from 5 potentially different lynx populations and with 328 samples of other carnivore species. The utility of the identification technique was tested with faeces of different ages, with faeces from controlled field experiments, and with faeces collected from locales with possible lynx populations from throughout the state of Andalusia, Spain (8052 km2). Faecal mtDNA extraction was more efficient using PBS wash of the faeces instead of a faeces homogenate. Our assay increased from 92.6 to 99% efficiency with a second amplification and a reduction in template concentration to overcome polymerase chain reaction (PCR) inhibition. Our assay never produced false positives, and correctly identified all lynx faeces. Of 252 faeces samples of unknown species collected throughout Andalusia, 26.6% (from three different areas) were classified as Iberian lynx, 1.4% showed evidence of PCR inhibition and 1.2% were of uncertain origin. This method has proven to be a reliable technique that can be incorporated into large-scale surveys of Iberian lynx populations and exemplifies an approach that can easily be extended to other species. 相似文献
10.
Genetic diversity of Cheju horses (Equus caballus) determined by using mitochondrial DNA D-loop polymorphism 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
We used sequence polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop (968 bp excluding the tandem repeat region) to determine genetic diversity of horses inhabiting Cheju (a southern island of Korea). Seventeen haplotypes with frequencies from 1.5 to 21.5% were found among 65 Cheju horse samples. Genetic diversity (h) of the 17 haplotypes was calculated to be 0.91, indicating that the extant Cheju horse population consists of diverse genetic groups in their maternal lineage. Phylogenetic analysis showed that 17 types of Cheju (D-loop sequences determined), 5 Mongolian, 6 Arabian, 3 Belgian, 2 Tsushima, 2 Yunnan, 1 Przewalskii, and 3 Thoroughbred horses (published sequences for the latter seven breeds) showed that Cheju horses were distributed into many different clusters in the tree. Four Mongolian horses clustered with separate Cheju horse groups, showing that some Cheju horses are clearly of Mongolian origin. The analysis of partial sequences (284 bp) of the D-loop of 109 horses showed that Thoroughbred, Mongolian, Lipizzan, and Arabian breeds are as diverse as Cheju horses. Our data together with others' suggest that most horse breeds tested with reasonably sufficient numbers of samples are diverse in their maternal lineages and also are not uniquely different from each other. 相似文献