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1.
人体小卫星DNA探针的制备 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:1
根据人体小卫星DNA核心顺序,化学合成长23碱基寡核苷酸探针,筛选人体基因组文库,旨在获得能用作遗传分析探针的小卫星顺序。结果得到15个含小卫星的阳性重组子。随机取其一(C_(35.9))作探针,试做群体分析。所有个体均可检出多条杂交带。其中某些带具有多态性。在一定检测条件下,检出的DNA图谱在有限的个体内具有个体特异性。结果表明筛选文库得到的小卫星顺序可用于小卫星多态性的检测。其它小卫星探针的筛选和应用性研究正在进行。 相似文献
2.
Oura CA Odongo DO Lubega GW Spooner PR Tait A Bishop RP 《International journal for parasitology》2003,33(14):1641-1653
Mini- and microsatellite sequences show high levels of variation and therefore provide excellent tools for both the genotyping and population genetic analysis of parasites. Herein we describe the identification of a panel of 11 polymorphic microsatellites and 49 polymorphic minisatellites of the protozoan haemoparasite Theileria parva. The PCR products were run on high resolution Spreadex gels on which the alleles were identified and sized. The sequences of the mini- and microsatellites were distributed across the four chromosomes with 16 on chromosome 1, 12 on chromosome 2, 14 on chromosome 3 and 18 on chromosome 4. The primers from the 60 sequences were tested against all the Theileria species that co-infect cattle in East and Southern Africa and were found to be specific for T. parva. In order to demonstrate the utility of these markers, we characterised eight tissue culture isolates of T. parva isolated from cattle in widely separated regions of Eastern and Southern Africa (one from Zambia, one from Uganda, two from Zimbabwe, four from Kenya) and one Kenyan tissue culture isolate from Cape buffalo (Syncerus caffer). The numbers of alleles per locus range from three to eight indicating a high level of diversity between these geographically distinct isolates. We also analysed five isolates from cattle on a single farm at Kakuzi in the central highlands of Kenya and identified a range of one to four alleles per locus. Four of the Kakuzi isolates represented distinct multilocus genotypes while two exhibited identical multilocus genotypes. This indicates a high level of diversity in a single population of T. parva. Cluster analysis of multilocus genotypes from the 14 isolates (using a neighbour joining algorithm) revealed that genetic similarity between isolates was not obviously related to their geographical origin. 相似文献
3.
I. Métais C. Aubry B. Hamon D. Peltier R. Jalouzot 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1998,97(1-2):232-237
We describe the cloning and the characterization of a 130-bp DNA fragment, called OPG9-130, amplified from bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genomic DNA. This fragment corresponds to a minisatellite DNA sequence containing seven repeats of 15 bp which differ
slightly from each other in their sequence. Southern analysis showed that the core sequence of 15 bp is repeated in clusters
dispersed throughout the genome. The use of this fragment as a probe allowed us to identify common bean lines by their DNA
fingerprints. We suggest that OPG9-130 will be useful for line identification as well as for the analysis of genetic relatedness
between bean species and lines.
Received: 14 February 1998 / Accepted: 10 February 1998 相似文献
4.
A selected panel of 13 colonies of entomopathogenic fungus Conidiobolus coronatus representing 6 variants of pathogenicity to Galleria mellonella larvae (ranged from 100 to 10% of efficiency), derived from single spores, were tested for the presence of hypervariable loci in their genomes by hybridization with Jeffreys' human minisatellite probe 33.6. The probe produced informative fingerprints and revealed slight differences among colonies analyzed. Up to 20 variable bands per colony were recognized in the size range of 2-20 kb. The band sharing within groups with the same pathogenicity ranged from 0.966 to 0.800. The genetic distance between different variants ranged from 0.026 to 0.282. A few characteristic bands for high and low pathogenicity to the larvae were found. 相似文献
5.
Minisatellites are composed of tandem repetitive DNA sequences and are present at many positions in the human genome. They
frequently mutate to new length alleles in the germline, by complex and incompletely understood recombination mechanisms which
may operate during meiosis. In several minisatellites the mutation events are restricted to one end of the repeat array, indicating
a possible association with elements that act in cis. Mutant alleles do not show exchange of flanking regions. To construct a model system suitable for further investigations
of the mutation process, we have integrated the human minisatellite MS32, flanked by synthetic markers, in the vicinity of
a meiotic recombination hot spot upstream of the LEU2 locus in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here we provide direct evidence for a meiotic origin of MS32 mutations. Mutation events were polarised towards both ends
of the minisatellite and varied from simple duplications and deletions to complex intra- and interallelic events. Interallelic
events were frequently accompanied by exchange of regions flanking the minisatellite. The results also support the notion
that cis-acting elements are involved in the mutational process. The fact that MS32 mutant structures are similar in yeast and human
shows that meiotic recombination plays a crucial role in both organisms and emphasises the usefulness of yeast strains harbouring
minisatellites as a model system for the study of minisatellite mutation.
Received: 1 March 1997 / Accepted: 16 May 1997 相似文献
6.
PCR primed with minisatellite core sequences yields DNA fingerprinting probes in wheat 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
P. J. Bebeli Z. Zhou D. J. Somers J. P. Gustafson 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(1-2):276-283
Four minisatellite core sequences were used as primers in a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, known as the directed
amplification of minisatellite-region DNA (DAMD), to detect polymorphisms in three pairs of hexaploid/tetraploid wheat cultivars.
In each pair, the tetraploid cultivar (genomic formula AABB) was extracted from its corresponding hexaploid (genomic formula
AABBDD) parent. Reproducible profiles of the amplified products revealed characteristic bands that were present only in the
hexaploid wheats but not in their extracted tetraploids. Some polymorphisms were observed among the hexaploid cultivars. Twenty-three
DAMD-PCR amplified fragments were isolated and screened as molecular probes on the genomic DNA of wild wheat species, hexaploid
wheat and triticale cultivars. Subsequently, 8 of the fragments were cloned and sequenced. The DAMD-PCR clones revealed various
degrees of polymorphism among different wild and cultivated wheats. Two clones yielded individual-specific DNA fingerprinting
patterns which could be used for species differentiation and cultivar identification. The results demonstrated the use of
DAMD-PCR as a tool for the isolation of informative molecular probes for DNA fingerprinting in wheat cultivars and species.
Received: 13 May 1996/Accepted: 11 October 1996 相似文献
7.
Y. Hisatomi K. Hanada S. Iida 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1997,95(7):1049-1056
Transposable elements have often been discovered as new insertion sequences in known genes, and minisatellites are often
employed as molecular markers in diagnostic and mapping studies. We compared the genes for flower pigmentation in a line of
the common morning glory bearing fully colored flowers with those in two anthocyanin
flaked
mutable lines producing variegated flowers and found RFLPs at the region of the ANS gene for anthocyanin biosynthesis. The DNA rearrangements detected by the RFLPs are due to integration of a novel type of
minisatellite, MiniSip1, having a long LTR retrotransposon, RTip1, inserted in the mutable lines. The structural analysis of the rearranged region revealed that the 12.4-kb RTip1 element is flanked by 5-bp target duplications within the MiniSip1 sequence and contains two LTR sequences of about 590 bp, a primer binding site for tRNALys, a typical polypurine tract and another new type of minisatellite, MiniSip2. Since no long open reading frame corresponding to the gag and pol genes was found, RTip1 appears to be a defective Ty3/gypsy-like element. Interestingly, the 269-bp-long MiniSip1 element comprises two alternating motifs of 41 bp and 19 bp, whereas the 962 bp long MiniSip2 element consists of two partially alternating motifs of 86 bp and 90 bp which are partially homologous to each other. Possible
evolutionary processes that may have generated the rearranged structure at the ANS gene region are also discussed.
Received: 25 April 1997 / Accepted: 16 May 1997 相似文献
8.
Miho Inoue Akiko Takenaka Shoji Tanaka Ryo Kominami Osamu Takenaka 《Primates; journal of primatology》1990,31(4):563-570
Recently developed DNA fingerprinting techniques employing “minisatellite” hypervariable regions of DNA proved useful for
investigating male reproductive success in Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata), for which other conventional behavioral or biochemical methods were impracticable. The identified paternity in a captive
group indicated that inbreeding was avoided within the same maternal lineage and that females did not tend to give birth to
offspring fathered by the same males during their life. It also revealed the possibility of a correlation between male dominance
rank and number of offspring. 相似文献
9.
Bradbury JE Richards KD Niederer HA Lee SA Rod Dunbar P Gardner RC 《Antonie van Leeuwenhoek》2006,89(1):27-37
Genetic analysis was performed on 45 commercial yeasts which are used in winemaking because of their superior fermentation
properties. Genome sizes were estimated by propidium iodide fluorescence and flow cytometry. Forty strains had genome sizes
consistent with their being diploid, while five had a range of aneuploid genome sizes that ranged from 1.2 to 1.8 times larger.
The diploid strains are all Saccharomyces cerevisiae, based on genetic analysis of microsatellite and minisatellite markers and on DNA sequence analysis of the internal transcribed
spacer (ITS) region of nuclear ribosomal DNA of four strains. Four of the five aneuploid strains appeared to be interspecific
hybrids between Saccharomyces kudriavzevii and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with the fifth a hybrid between two S. cerevisiae strains. An identification fingerprint was constructed for the commercial yeast strains using 17 molecular markers. These
included six published trinucleotide microsatellites, seven new dinucleotide microsatellites, and four published minisatellite
markers. The markers provided unambiguous identification of the majority of strains; however, several had identical or similar
patterns, and likely represent the same strain or mutants derived from it. The combined use of all 17 polymorphic loci allowed
us to identify a set of eleven commercial wine yeast strains that appear to be genetically homozygous. These strains are presumed
to have undergone inbreeding to maintain their homozygosity, a process referred to previously as ‘genome renewal’. 相似文献
10.