Magnetic field as a trigger of carotenoid production by Phaffia rhodozyma

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of magnetic fields (MF) on inoculum cultivation and carotenoid production by Phaffia rhodozyma. The application of MF in the inoculum culture was evaluated (0 m T – control and 30 m T). Cellular concentration increased by 12.8 % after 24 h-culture with MF application compared to the control assay, and this was the best alternative for the preparation of inoculum. Different intervals of MF application were evaluated over 168 h. The highest volumetric carotenoids concentration was achieved by applying MF throughout cultivation, with values of 1146.39 ± 26.18 μg L⁻¹ and carotenoid productivity of 11.94 ± 1.11 μg L⁻¹ h⁻¹ in 96 h. As a result, carotenoid production increased by 59.4 % and carotenoid productivity by 99.3 %. This study is one of the first to consider MF application in carotenoid production using P. rhodozyma as a viable and low-cost alternative for carotenoid production in a shorter cultivation time.     

单分子磁体的研究进展

单分子磁体为纳米尺寸,磁特性源自单个分子的内部,可以独立地作为一个磁功能单元,是突破尺寸对传统磁体性能制约的一条途径。已知单分子磁体基本上是含Mn、Fe、V、Cr和一些其他金属元素的簇合物,有望用来制造分子器件、磁存储材料等。本文介绍了一些典型的单分子磁体的研究和发展趋势。     

Sensing the effect of body load in legs: responses of tibial campaniform sensilla to forces applied to the thorax in freely standing cockroaches

Sense organs in the legs that detect body weight are an important component in the regulation of posture and locomotion. We tested the abilities of tibial campaniform sensilla, receptors that can monitor forces in the cockroach leg, to encode variations in body load in freely standing animals. Small magnets were attached to the thorax and currents were applied to a coil below the substrate. Sensory and motor activities were monitored neurographically. The tibial sensilla could show vigorous discharges to changing forces when animals stood upon their legs and actively supported the body weight. Firing of individual afferents depended upon the orientation of the receptors cuticular cap: proximal sensilla (oriented perpendicular to the leg axis) discharged to force increases while distal receptors (parallel to the leg) fired to decreasing forces. Proximal sensillum discharges were prolonged and could encode the level of load when increases were sustained. Firing of the trochanteral extensor motoneuron was also strongly modulated by changing load. In some postures, sensillum discharges paralleled changes in motor frequency consistent with a known interjoint reflex. These findings demonstrate that tibial campaniform sensilla can monitor the effects of body weight upon the legs and may aid in generating support of body load.     

单分子磁体的研究进展

单分子磁体为纳米尺寸,磁特性源自单个分子的内部,可以独立地作为一个磁功能单元,是突破尺寸对传统磁体性能制约的一条连径。已知单分子磁体基本上是含Mn、Fe、V、Cr和一些其他金属元素的簇合物．有望用来制造分子器件、磁存储材料等。本文介绍了一些典型的单分子磁体的研究和发展趋势。