Rottboellia yellow mottle virus,a new sobemovirus affecting Rottboellia cochinchinensis (Itch grass) in Nigeria1

A hitherto undescribed virus, termed rottboellia yellow mottle virus (RoYMV), affecting Rottboellia cochinchinensis (syn. R. exaltata, itch grass) at Ibadan, Nigeria, was investigated. RoYMV virions are isometric, c. 29 nm in diameter, and sediment homogeneously at 114s. In isopycnic CsCl gradients, RoYMV virions band sharply at a buoyant density of 1.379 g cm^-3, but in Cs₂SO₄ gradients, virions band at two zones, at the densities of 1.300 g cm^-3 and 1.325 g cm^-3. Treatment with EDTA at pH 8.0 reduced the sedimentation value of RoYMV to c. 87s and rendered it susceptible to proteinase-K, SDS and NaCl. The apparent molecular weight of RoYMV coat protein was c. 27 000. Virions encapsidate a single-stranded RNA of mol. wt 1.4 × 10⁶ Da. Besides R. cochinchinensis, RoYMV was mechanically transmissible only to maize (Zea mays). No reaction occurred when RoYMV was tested against antisera to 44 isometric plant viruses (belonging to 12 groups), including several that affect Gramineae. RoYMV exhibits striking similarities with other viruses belonging to the sobemovirus group, and it is tentatively designated as a new member of the sobemovirus group.     

细菌、真菌共代谢转化龙血树木质形成黄酮类化合物

利用龙血树产脂部位获得的真菌菌株和细菌菌株共同转化龙血树白木质,形成了木质成分中原来没有的黄酮类化合物,表明龙血树体内存在着一类能被转化成黄酮类化合物的前体物质,龙血树这种独特的抗性机制,可能与血竭形成有关。     

发酵生产龙血竭中龙血素A和B的分析

以高效液相色谱法,检测血竭诱导菌在不同发酵时间下发酵龙血树干粉和龙血树愈伤组织的产物中龙血素A和龙血素B的含量。干粉发酵产物中,龙血素A的含量大于愈伤组织发酵产物中的含量,并且在第四周时达到最大值0.253 mg/g;龙血素B在第三周时达最大值0.519 mg/g。愈伤组织发酵产物也含有少量的龙血素A和龙血素B。虽然发酵产物中的龙血素B远远高于龙血树根、茎、叶中的含量,但还是低于0.4%的质量标准,因此不能应用于生产。     

Antioxidative effect of a chymotrypsin inhibitor from Momordica cochinchinensis (Cucurbitaceae) seeds in a primary rat hepatocyte culture.

The antioxidative activity of a chymotrypsin-specific potato type I inhibitor from Momordica cochinchinensis (MCoCI) (Cucurbitaceae) has been investigated using the primary rat hepatocyte system. tert-Butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) was used to induce oxidative stress. Pretreatment of hepatocytes with MCoCI for 24 h significantly reversed t-BHP-induced cell damage, and the associated glutathione depletion and lipid peroxidation. The activities of glutathione-S-transferase and superoxide dismutase were also increased. These results suggested that MCoCI possessed antioxidative activity which may account for some of the pharmacological effects of Momordica cochinchinensis seeds, the traditional Chinese medicine known as Mubiezhi, from which MCoCI was isolated.     

9568D镰孢霉作用于死态龙血树形成血脂的研究

1　引　　言剑叶龙血树血竭来自于剑叶龙血树 (Ｄｒａｃａｅｎａｃｏｃｈｉｎｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ)的树脂 ,早年的研究[[2 ] 发现人工割伤可以促进树脂的积累 .江东福等[4] 证实剑叶龙血树血竭的形成与真菌相关 ,用特异性真菌接种活体龙血树 ,激活龙血树的防御反应 ,产生含植物防卫素的血竭[1,3 ,6] .但人们注意到野外自然环境下一些衰老枯死的剑叶龙血树的材质上亦有血竭形成 ,其与真菌的作用是否有关联 ?本文采用分离自剑叶龙血树根部的内生真菌 95 6 8Ｄ镰孢霉接种于剑叶龙血树材质(经灭活处理 ) ,保湿培养 4～ 5个月后 ,在接种部位有红色…     

Mineral nutrition of the hyperparasitic mistletoe Viscum articulatum Burm. f. (Viscaceae) in tropical Brunei Darussalam

A plant parasite parasitizing another plant parasite is known as a hyperparasite. Information is scarce regarding the ecophysiology of hyperparasites and their hosts despite their potential to illuminate processes of host–parasite solute flux. Here we present mineral profiles and stable isotopic data for two associations of the hyperparasite Viscum articulatum and its primary mistletoe and tree hosts. Acting as the terminal sink, the hyperparasite had consistently higher contents of all major and minor elements evaluated compared to the primary parasite and the proximal portion of the tree host branch. The primary parasite had lower contents of Cu, Mg, Mn, N, and Z relative to the proximal portion of the tree host branch, suggesting nutritional stress applied by the hyperparasite. Interestingly Fe and Cu showed no consistent pattern between host and primary parasite, while the osmotically active elements P and K increased from tree host, to primary mistletoe, and finally the hyperparasitic mistletoe. The δ¹³C partitioning patterns for hyperparasites, primary parasites, and hosts were non‐linear in contrast to linear patterns reported from the literature for autoparasitic mistletoe associations, demonstrating fundamental differences between nutrition in hyperparasites and autoparasites.     

天门冬多糖对人工感染鸡传染性支气管炎的治疗试验

旨在评价复方天门冬多糖注射液对鸡传染性支气管炎的临床治疗效果,为鸡传染性支气管炎临床治疗提供依据。以复方天门冬多糖注射液临床给药剂量筛选试验为基础,分别设置高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、药物对照组、阳性对照组及空白对照组,运用t检验和方差分析法对攻毒前后试验动物的相对体质量及试验结束后免疫器官指数进行统计分析,通过比较各组数据的显著性差异来评价复方天门冬多糖注射液对鸡传染性支气管炎的治疗效果。结果显示,复方天门冬多糖注射液能提高发病鸡的相对增量率,并促进发病鸡的生长发育。说明,复方天门冬多糖注射液对患病鸡的临床治疗效果显著,在实际生产中可以推广应用。     

云南血竭的化学成分及抗真菌活性

云南血竭为剑叶龙血树（Ｄｒａｃａｅｎａ ｃｏｃｈｉｎｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓ（Ｌｏｕｒ．）Ｓ．ｃ．Ｃｈｅｎ）树脂,从中分离到５个芳香族化合物：对羟基苯甲酸乙酰（１）,７,４＾′－二羟基黄烷（２）,７－羟基－４＾′－甲氧基黄烷（３）,７,４＾′－二羟基黄酮（４）和ｌｏｕｒｅｉｒｉｎ Ａ（５）以及１个甾体皂甙（６）,并对其中３个酚性成分进行了抗真菌活性检测。另外,用薄层层析法对云南血竭、广西血竭、海南血竭及     

天门冬离体快繁技术

以无菌萌发的天门冬(Asparagus cochinchinensis)种子胚轴为外植体,研究植物生长调节物质种类及浓度对愈伤组织诱导、丛生芽分化和植株再生的影响,建立其离体快速繁殖技术。结果表明,愈伤组织诱导的适宜培养基为MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.5 mg·L-1,诱导率95.6;愈伤组织增殖培养基为MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1 + NAA 2.0 mg·L-1,增殖倍数为9.7;丛生芽诱导培养基为MS + 6-BA 0.5 mg·L-1 + NAA 0.1 mg·L-1 + KT 0.1 mg·L-1,诱导率为91.1;适宜的壮苗培养基为MS + 6-BA 0.2 mg·L-1 + IAA 1.0 mg·L-1;适宜的生根培养基为1/2MS + NAA 2.0 mg·L-1,生根率达84.4。本研究为构建天门冬药材产业化所需种苗生产技术体系奠定了基础。