美口菌属二新种

本文报道了美口菌属 Calostoma Desv.的两个新种:云南美口菌 Calostoma yunnanensisL.J.Li et Liu sp.nov.和彭氏美口菌 Calostoma pengii Liu et Y.H.Liu sp.nov.     

Phylogeny,species diversity and biogeographic patterns of the genus Tricleocarpa (Galaxauraceae,Rhodophyta) from the Indo-Pacific region,including T. confertus sp. nov. from Taiwan

Among four different genera in Galaxauraceae, species diversity of the genus Tricleocarpa Huisman & Borowitzka is underestimated and requires further examination. In this study, we explored a molecular phylogeny of Tricleocarpa with an emphasis on Taiwan species and reassessed species diversity of the genus from the Indo-Pacific region based on analyses of rbcL and COI-5P sequences and morphological observations. The molecular analyses showed that species of Tricleocarpa examined are grouped into seven clades: six clades in the T. cylindrica group (the T. cylindrica complex, T. confertus, T. jejuensis, T. natalensis and two uncharacterized T. ‘cylindrica’ clades) and one clade as the T. fragilis group. Overall, at least 12 species in Tricleocarpa were detected from the Indo-Pacific region, including a new species, T. confertus S.-L. Liu & S.-M. Lin, from Taiwan. Among them, T. confertus can be separated from other species of Tricleocarpa by a thallus consisting of dichotomous or trichotomous, articulated and moniliform branches with smooth surfaces, constrictions at nodes and slightly anti-triangular in shape. The cystocarp morphology of T. confertus is similar to the T. cylindrica group by having paraphyses intermixing with gonimoblast filaments. Recognition of this new species from other species is also supported by the DNA-based, algorithmic species delimitation approaches. With the combination of molecular phylogeny and species diversity reassessment, our phylogeographic analysis supported a trend that species in the T. fragilis group are restricted in their distribution to subtropical and tropical areas whereas species in the T. cylindrica group have a wide distribution, ranging from temperate through to tropical areas.     

中国重庆毛茛科银莲花属一新种——涪陵银莲花

描述了中国重庆市涪陵区的毛莨科Ranunculaceae银莲花属Anemone一新种——涪陵银莲花A．fulingensisW.T．Wang＆Z．Y.Liu,并绘出墨线图。根据此新种的总苞苞片无柄,花具4-5枚萼片,花丝丝形,花粉具散沟等特征,可以确定此种应是属于银莲花属鹅掌草组Anemone sect．Stolonifera的一个成员;在该组中,此种以其独特的由2-10个块茎组成的念珠状根状茎而与该组的其他种相区别。鉴于在银莲花属中块茎出现于不同的演化路线中,以及这些块茎的出现系次生现象,可见此新种应是鹅掌草组的进化种。     

Hedychium menghaiense (Zingiberaceae),a new species from Yunnan,China

Hedychium menghaiense X.Hu & N.Liu,a new species of the Zingiberaceae from Yunnan Province,China,is described and illustrated.The new species is currently known only from its type locality,Nannuoshan Mountain,Menghai County,growing under evergreen broad-leaved forests at altitudes of 1400-1700 m.It is similar to Hedychium forrestii Diels,but differs in its narrower and emarginate labellum folded inwards lengthwise,narrower staminodes,and scarlet stamen.The recognition of the new species is supported by the ...     

兰属腋花组若干种类的研究

对新种丽花兰Cymbidium concinnum Z. J. Liu &; S. C. Chen和新变种龙州兰C. eburneum var. longzhouense Z. J. Liu &; S. C. Chen进行了描述和绘图; 丽花兰与大雪兰C. mastersii Griff. ex Lindl.有亲缘关系, 区别点在于新种叶片先端不分裂, 花序具18-22朵花, 唇瓣中裂片上有一个V型的紫红色斑块; 龙州兰(变种)与独占春(原变种)的主要区别在于唇瓣中裂片上和侧裂片顶部有较密的紫红色斑。对象牙白C. maguanense的分类问题进行了讨论, 并为其指定了新模式; 还为腋花组sect. Eburnea国产种类提供一个检索表。     

巧花兜兰——越南中部兰科一新种

在今年年初的一次访问云南南部的旅行中,笔者曾购得数苗小型的兜兰,据兰商称系采自越南中部,又叫越南黄花仔。此种兜兰的叶甚似小叶兜兰ＰａｐｈｉｏｐｅｄｉｌｕｍｂａｒｂｉｇｅｒｕｍＴａｎｇｅｔＷａｎｇ和海伦兜兰Ｐａｐｈ.ｈｅｌｅｎａｅＡｖｅｒｙａｎｏｖ,但花却有着明显的不同。小叶兜兰的花大,直径达5.5～7ｃｍ;合萼片狭窄,其宽度仅为中萼片的1/2～3/5。海伦兜兰花纯黄色;花瓣线形或宽线形。而此种兜兰的花直径3～3.5ｃｍ,呈淡黄绿色,唇瓣表面、合萼片中脉下半部和花瓣的中脉及中脉上方一侧均有枣红色晕;合萼片宽度为中萼片的4/5;…     

A New species of the Genus Tupistra (Convallariaceae), with Reference to Its Karyotype and Pollen Morphology

A species of the genus Tupistra,T．pingbianensis J．L．Huang et X．Z．Liu,is described as new,and its karyotype and pollen morphology are reported． The bimodal karyotype of this species is formulated as 2n＝38＝14m+10sm+8st+6t,and pollen grains are spheroidal,inaperturate,with rugulate exine sculpture．Based on its floral structure,karyotype and pollen morphology,T．pingbianensis J．L．Huang et X．Z．Liu is considered phylogenetically closely related to T．fungilliformis Wang et Liang．Whether the repense rhizome,solitary leaves of T．pingbianensis J．L．Huang et X．Z．Liu indicate a close relationship between the genus Tupistra and the genus Aspidistra needs further studies．     

中国浙江发现树蛙属一新种（两栖纲：树蛙科）

依据形态特征比较和分子系统发育分析,将采自浙江丽水的树蛙属物种订为一新种——丽水树蛙Rhacophorus lishuiensis Liu,Wang and Jiang,sp.nov.。新种丽水树蛙主要鉴别特征为:1)体型较小,雄性体长34.2~35.8 mm,雌性体长45.9 mm;2)鼓膜直径大于眼径之半;3)后肢较短,胫跗关节前伸贴体达眼后角;4)背面光滑,无明显疣粒;5)生活时背面绿色,无斑或散有稀疏的浅蓝绿色细点;6)咽喉部白色,虹彩黄色;7)雄性具单咽下内声囊,第一指基部具浅黄色婚垫。依据线粒体基因12S rRNA、tRNAval和16S rRNA共2 038 bp序列以贝叶斯法构建树蛙属41个物种间的系统发育关系,新种丽水树蛙为一个独立的支系,并与绿背树蛙(R.dorsoviridis)支系以高支持率形成姐妹群(后验概率1.00),支长较长。     

Upregulation of miR-142-3p Improves Drug Sensitivity of Acute Myelogenous Leukemia through Reducing P-Glycoprotein and Repressing Autophagy by Targeting HMGB1

miR-142-3p was reported to be downregulated in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and acted as a novel diagnostic marker. However, the regulatory effect of miR-142-3p on drug resistance of AML cells and its underlying mechanism have not been elucidated. Here, we found that miR-142-3p was significantly downregulated and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) was dramatically upregulated in AML samples and cells, as well as drug-resistant AML cells. P-gp level and autophagy were markedly enhanced in HL-60/ADR and HL-60/ATRA cells. miR-142-3p overexpression improved drug sensitivity of AML cells by inhibiting cell viability and promoting apoptosis, and inhibited P-gp level and autophagy in drug-resistant AML cells, whereas HMGB1 overexpression obviously reversed these effect. HMGB1 was demonstrated to be a target of miR-142-3p, and miR-142-3p negatively regulated HMGB1 expression. In conclusion, our study elucidated that upregulation of miR-142-3p improves drug sensitivity of AML through reducing P-glycoprotein and repressing autophagy by targeting HMGB1, contributing to better understanding the molecular mechanism of drug resistance in AML.     

六味地黄慢性处理对抗D半乳糖引起的大鼠大脑胆碱能神经系统损伤

本研究旨在观察六味地黄(Liu Wei Dihuang,LWDH)对D-半乳糖(D-galactose,D-gal)致衰老大鼠的学习记忆能力及中枢胆碱能神经系统的保护作用.采用成年Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠64只,雌雄各半.雄性、雌性大鼠均随机分为4组(n=8):空白对照组即生理盐水+生理盐水(N+N)组...