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1.
The effects produced on bacteriorhodopsin by low concentrations of several detergents have been studied by absorption and fourth-derivative spectrophotometry. Sodium dodecyl sulfate induces the appearance of the blue form of bacteriorhodopsin (λmax = 600 nm) at pH values up to 7.0 in a reversible manner. The apparent pK of the purple-to-blue transition raised with increasing concentration of SDS. Of the other detergents tested, only sodium dodecyl-N-sarcosinate showed a slight red-shift of the absorption band to 580 nm, whereas sodium taurocholate, Triton X-100 and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide did not favour the appearance of the blue form. The effect of SDS was found to be consistent with a localized conformational change that moves away the counter-ion of the protonated Schiff base. 相似文献
2.
Aharon Oren 《FEMS microbiology ecology》1993,12(1):15-23
Abstract A sensitive assay for glycerol and other polyols was developed, based on periodate oxidation to formaldehyde, followed by a colorimetric assay with 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolone hydrazone. Apparent glycerol concentrations thus measured in saltern crystallizer ponds were around 20–36 μM, while in the Dead Sea, during a Dunaliella bloom, values were up to 27 μM. However, these values probably overestimate the glycerol concentrations present, as shown by labeled glycerol uptake experiments. Values of [K + Sn ] (natural concentration + affinity constant) in saltern ponds were as low as 0.76–1.4 μM, with Vmax values of 193–303 nmol 1−1 h−1 , and turnover times between 2.6–7.2 h at 35°C. Similar measurements in the Dead Sea were: [K + Sn ] 0.07–1.41 μM, Vmax values 160–426 nmol 1−1 h−1 , and turnover times in the range of 0.45–3.3 h. 相似文献
3.
4.
V. Yu. Tarasov A. S. Kostyukova E. I. Tiktopulo M. G. Pyatibratov O. V. Fedorov 《Journal of Protein Chemistry》1995,14(1):27-31
The structure ofHalobacterium halobium R1M1 flagella is investigated by the methods of scanning microcalorimetry, circular dichroism, and electron microscopy. It is shown that melting curves of flagella in solutions with a different concentration of NaCl display only one peak of heat capacity that corresponds to one cooperatively melting domain. It is found that flagella do not dissociate after melting. The possible structural organization of archaebacterial flagella is discussed. 相似文献
5.
M. Ginzburg B. Lepkipfer A. Porath B. Z. Ginzburg 《European biophysics journal : EBJ》1978,4(3):237-249
The electrical conductivity of suspensions of two species of Halobacterium was measured at low A. C. frequency. The results
obtained fromHalobacterium halobium suspensions show that the bacteria act as non-conducting particles. In contrast, the cells of a Halobacterium obtained from
the Dead Sea (Halobacterium marismortui) had an apparently high conductivity which can be explained partly in terms of the cell-membrane being pierced by pores through
which ions can move freely and partly in terms of highly concentrated cell ions, all of which are mobile. 相似文献
6.
Ruth Melamud Martin Risk H. Gilboa 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》1981,678(3):311-315
Relaxation time measurements T1 and T2 of sodium in Halobacterium halobium pellets were carried out at two frequencies. From those measurements, combined with intensity measurements of the sodium in the system, estimation of the properties of the sodium ions in the system was carried out. It is suggested that three types of sodium ions are present in the bacterial pellet. (A) The extracellular sodium with properties of free solution and (B) sodium which is in the pericellular volume between the cell wall and the cell membrane. There is an exchange between type A and type B sodium. The type B sodium has (e2qQ)/h = 3.7 · 107 rad/s, τcB = 5.2 · 10−6 s and τB = 1 · 10−3 s. The sodium of type C is bound inside the cell and undetected. It's concentration inside the cell is assumed to be 1.9 M. 相似文献
7.
The combined action of electric field (105–107 V · m?1) and light (380–580 nm, 80 W · m?2) activating the photoenergetic reaction of bacteriorhodopsin (BR) in dry films of purple membranes from Halobacterium halobium was studied. A new stimulating effect of the field on the BR412 intermediate accumulation in the normal photochromic cycle of BR570 has been observed. The formation of the product BR412 is supposed to be accompanied by specific rearrangements of certain charged, polar and polarizable groups in the BR pigment-protein matrix. Such an intrinsic polarization could be promoted by an external electric field, the displacement vector of those groups being oriented in the direction of the field. The dielectric polarization properties of the purple membranes have been demonstrated by electret-thermal analysis. 相似文献
8.
Lynell C. MartinezGeorge J. Turner 《生物化学与生物物理学报:生物膜》2002,1564(1):91-98
A high-throughput screening method has been developed which enables functional analysis of bacteriorhodpsin in whole cell pastes. Reflectance spectra, from as little as 5 ml of Halobacterium salinarum cells, show close correspondence to that obtained from the purified purple membrane (PM), containing bacteriorhodopsin (BR) as the sole protein component. We demonstrate accurate quantification of BR accumulation by ratiometric analysis of BR (Amax 568) and a membrane-bound cytochrome (Amax 410). In addition, ground-state light- and dark-adapted (LA and DA, respectively) spectral differences were determined with high accuracy and precision. Using cells expressing the BR mutant D85N, we monitored transitions between intermediate-state homologues of the reprotonation phase of the light-activated proton pumping mechanism. We demonstrate that phenotypes of three mutants (D85N/T170C, D85N/D96N, and D85N/R82Q) previously characterized for their effect on photocycle transitions are reproduced in the whole cell samples. D85N/T170C stabilizes accumulation of the N state while D85N/D96N accumulates no N state. D85N/R82Q was found to have perturbed the pKa of M accumulation. These studies illustrate the correspondence between pH-dependent ground-state transitions accessed by D85N and the transitions accessed by the wild-type protein following photoexcitation. We demonstrate that whole cell reflectance spectroscopy can be used to efficiently characterize the large numbers of mutants generated by engineering strategies that exploit saturation mutagenesis. 相似文献
9.
回顾了近30年来盐生盐杆菌(Halobacterium halobium)在光生物制氢中的应用。就H.halobium可能的光合产氢机理、产氢研究现状及产氢工艺进行概述。分析了盐生盐杆菌光照产氢的主要影响因素,提出未来利用H.halobium生物制氢的研究方向。 相似文献
10.
用RNA随机起始PCR(RAP—PCR)技术分析了盐杆菌NRC-1(Halobacterium NRC-1)不同NaCl盐度下基因表达的差异。81条引物用于比较17%、30%两种盐度下基因表达的差异,每条引物平均可以产生10条以上扩增条带,共得到15条在2种盐度下差异表达的条带,这些差异扩增条带的获得将有助从分子水平上了解Halobacterium NRC-1在高盐环境下的适应机制。 相似文献