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排序方式: 共有594条查询结果,搜索用时 19 毫秒
1.
Carmen de Sena-Tomás Mónica Navarro-González Ursula Kües José Pérez-Martín 《Genetics》2013,195(1):47-57
The fungal fruiting body or mushroom is a multicellular structure essential for sexual reproduction. It is composed of dikaryotic cells that contain one haploid nucleus from each mating partner sharing the same cytoplasm without undergoing nuclear fusion. In the mushroom, the pileus bears the hymenium, a layer of cells that includes the specialized basidia in which nuclear fusion, meiosis, and sporulation occur. Coprinopsis cinerea is a well-known model fungus used to study developmental processes associated with the formation of the fruiting body. Here we describe that knocking down the expression of Atr1 and Chk1, two kinases shown to be involved in the response to DNA damage in a number of eukaryotic organisms, dramatically impairs the ability to develop fruiting bodies in C. cinerea, as well as other developmental decisions such as sclerotia formation. These developmental defects correlated with the impairment in silenced strains to sustain an appropriated dikaryotic cell cycle. Dikaryotic cells in which chk1 or atr1 genes were silenced displayed a higher level of asynchronous mitosis and as a consequence aberrant cells carrying an unbalanced dose of nuclei. Since fruiting body initiation is dependent on the balanced mating-type regulator doses present in the dikaryon, we believe that the observed developmental defects were a consequence of the impaired cell cycle in the dikaryon. Our results suggest a connection between the DNA damage response cascade, cell cycle regulation, and developmental processes in this fungus. 相似文献
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《Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences》2020,27(6):1573-1579
Supplementation of the growing substrate by nitrogenous additives has been known to improve the production of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq. ex Fr.) P. Kumm. (1871)). However, the application of nano-additives has not been reported in such cultivation yet. The study investigated the effect of nano-urea added in two different doses (3 g and 5 g per kg substrate), once (at spawning or after first flush) or twice (at spawning and after first flush) to the growing substrate consisting of wheat straw and spent oyster substrate (1:1, w/w). Results showed that the application of nano-urea once has induced the highest number of mushroom flushes (four flushes) despite the dose applied. Contrarily to early findings, where high doses of nitrogen have caused inhibition of mushroom growth and production, nano-urea application has had better effects when applied twice. With 5 g/kg, it induced the shortest period between the first and the third flush (15 days). With 3 g/kg, it resulted in the highest biological and economic yields at the third flush (332.7 g/bag and 283.1 g/bag respectively), in total (973.4 g/bag and 854.0 g/bag respectively), the highest biological efficiency (109.6%), and pileus diameter/stipe length ratio (2.8). Experimental findings of the current study may be potentially applied at commercial scale. 相似文献
4.
Mushroom poisonings caused by amatoxins are mostly lethal. Information about mycetisms caused by white species ofAmanita is scarce. The present paper describes a case of mushroom poisoning caused byA. virosa. A prolongated latency period (6–10 hours), followed by cholera-like, improvement and visceral complication phases confirmed the amatoxin poisoning. The consumption of about 3 pounds of the toadstool by seven persons caused the death of five. Two patients survive the ingestion. 相似文献
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5mg/L—10mg/L的茶碱在0℃─10℃变温条件下诱导野生毛尖蘑形成了实体原基。分析证明,此条件下毛尖蘑菌丝体呼吸强度提高,体内可溶性蛋白质增加,而DNA与RNA总量却稍有下降之势。本研究为珍品毛尖蘑人工驯化做了先导性工作。 相似文献
7.
P. S. GREWAL P. N. RICHARDSON G. COLLINS R. N. EDMONDSON 《The Annals of applied biology》1992,121(3):511-520
In a mushroom crop (Agaricus bisporus) affected by a very low level of sciarid fly (Lycoriella auripila) infestation, the effects of an indigenous isolate of insect-parasitic nematode (Steinernema feltiae) and of two commonly used insecticides (diazinon and diflubenzuron) were studied. When compared with untreated plots, nematodes applied to the casing had no adverse effects on mushroom yields whereas insecticides decreased yields. At a rate of 3 × 106 infective juveniles per tray (surface area = 0.56 m2), S. feltiae elicited increases of 28.5% and 19% in the mean total numbers and weights of mushrooms respectively. Treatment only with diflubenzuron resulted in 14.6% and 6% reductions in mean total numbers and weights of mushrooms, respectively; treatment with both diazinon and diflubenzuron caused 18.5% and 9.4% losses. Application of nematodes generally reduced the mean weight per mushroom whereas insecticides increased it; nematodes delayed the onset of mushroom production (first flush) whereas diflubenzuron delayed the third and fourth flushes. Nematode contamination of sporophores was minimal when S. feltiae was applied at casing. Although their numbers declined with time, the nematodes persisted, in the casing layer, throughout the cropping period of seven weeks. It is concluded that yield benefits associated with nematode application can result mainly from nematode effects on A. bisporus and not solely from suppression of a damaging pest population. 相似文献
8.
Dye sensitized photo-oxidation inactivates tyrosinases isolated from Neurospora and Agaricus. The rate of inactivation is enhanced by cyanide and is dependent on pH. 相似文献
9.
The O-diphenol-oxygen-oxidoreductase of Agaricus bisporus: Activity and multiple forms during ageing
Peter W. Goodenough 《Phytochemistry》1978,17(4):633-636
Mushroom o-diphenol oxidase was separated into multiple forms by isoelectric focusing. Three major bands, as opposed to the four isoenzymes previously found, were separated over the pH range 3.5–9.5. A fourth form was obtained when the pH range was narrowed to 5.0–8.0. Changes in the enzyme activity were investigated during post-harvest ageing at different temperatures. Rapid ageing using tissue discs with or without inhibitors of protein synthesis showed that an increase in activity of the enzyme took place during this time, but was prevented by actinomycin D and 6 methyl purine. 相似文献
10.
John B.W. Hammond 《Phytochemistry》1978,17(10):1717-1719
The activities of five enzymes of carbohydrate catabolism were assayed in mushrooms stored for up to four days at 18°. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogen 相似文献