JAK2-STAT3信号通路在天麻素改善小鼠抑郁样行为中的作用研究

摘要 目的：观察天麻素对小鼠抑郁症模型异常行为的改善以及Janus激酶2-信号转导和转录激活因子3（JAK2 -STAT3）信号通路的表达变化。方法：40只雄性昆明小鼠,随机分为正常组和模型组。模型组小鼠经过4周CUMS刺激建模,第6周检测小鼠行为学变化以验证建模效果。随后将模型组分为CUMS+生理盐水、CUMS+氟西汀以及CUMS+天麻素3个亚组,第7-8周继续进行CUMS刺激,同时对3个亚组小鼠腹腔注射给药。第9周再次进行行为学检测。取小鼠脑组织进行HE染色（hematoxylin-eosin staining）和蛋白免疫印迹（western blot）检测。结果：第6周检测结果显示：与对照组比较,模型组小鼠体重增幅显著降低（P＜0.001）,悬尾和强迫游泳不动时间显著增加（P＜0.001、P＜0.001）,糖水消耗率显著降低（P＜0.001）。第9周检测结果显示：与CUMS+生理盐水组相比,CUMS+氟西汀组和CUMS+天麻素组小鼠体重增幅显著增加（P＜0.001,P＜0.001）,强迫游泳不动时间显著降低（P＜0.001,P＜0.001）,悬尾不动时间显著降低（P＜0.01,P＜0.01）,糖水消耗率显著增加（P＜0.001、P＜0.001）。与CUMS+生理盐水组比较,CUMS+天麻素组小鼠JAK2、STAT3、IL-1β蛋白表达显著降低（P＜0.01、P＜0.01、P＜0.05）;HE染色结果提示,CUMS+生理盐水组小鼠神经元形态发生改变,细胞结构不清晰,细胞核固缩、深染;与CUMS+生理盐水组相比,CUMS+天麻素组小鼠神经元形态得到改善。结论：天麻素可以有效改善CUMS诱导的小鼠抑郁样行为,其作用可能与JAK2-STAT3信号通路关键蛋白的表达有关。     

天麻素抑制脂多糖诱导的BV-2小胶质细胞炎症反应及机制研究

目的:研究天麻素对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小胶质细胞炎性反应的影响,并探讨其潜在的作用机制。方法:BV-2小胶质细胞分为对照组、LPS组和天麻素组。LPS和天麻素处理24 h后,MTT和LDH试验检测细胞活性。ELISA实验检测炎性因子白介素-1β(IL-1β)、白介素-6(IL-6)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的含量。Western blot检测细胞中Iba-1和TLR4的表达,以及IκBα的降解和NFκB-P65的核转位情况。结果:LPS刺激后,BV-2细胞活性下降(65.46±3.70%),LDH释放量增加(264.54±17.78 U/L),各炎性因子水平也显著升高。给予天麻素处理后,细胞活性升高(74.33±4.22%),LDH释放量减少(173.88±15.23 U/L),炎性反应降低。同时,天麻素显著抑制LPS诱导的BV-2细胞Iba-1升高,降低了LPS处理后细胞TLR4的升高,IκBα的磷酸化水平和P65的核转位。结论:天麻素可以提高BV-2细胞活性,缓解LPS诱导的炎症反应。其作用机制可能是通过抑制BV-2细胞的过度活化,调控TLR4/NFκB信号通路,最终减少炎症因子的表达。     

Gastrodin causes vasodilation by activating KATP channels in vascular smooth muscles via PKA-dependent signaling pathway

Gastrodin, one of the major components extracted from the Chinese herb Gastrodia elata Bl., has been widely used as an anticonvulsant, sedative, analgesic and hypotensive. In our study, we aimed to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of gastrodin on vascular K_ATP channels. Tension experiments were used on rat mesenteric artery rings without an endothelium. Patch clamp experiments were executed to investigate the influences of gastrodin on the membrane current in mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells. Gastrodin induced vasorelaxation in a concentration dependent manner when rat mesenteric artery rings were pre-contracted with Phenylephrine. The vasorelaxation effect was partially diminished by pre-treating with a K_ATP channel inhibitor, or a PKA inhibitor. With whole-cell patch-clamp recording techniques, we found that gastrodin is a activator of K_ATP in rat mesenteric artery smooth muscle cells, and this effect was eliminate by pre-treating with H89or PKI, PKA inhibitor. In addition, when rat vascular smooth muscle cells were treated with 100?μM gastrodin for 24?h, maximum K_ATP current density increased by 28.1%. The results indicate that gastrodin exerts vasorelaxation effect through activation of PKA and subsequent opening of smooth muscle K_ATP channels.     

Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of glycosyl oxadiazoles derivatives

A new series of glycosyl oxadiazoles compounds were synthesized and characterized through ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, IR and HRMS. The anti-tumor activities for MDA-MB-231 of all these new compounds were screened in vitro by MTT assay. Due to the modification of gastrodin analogues, the anti-tumor activities of these 1,3,4-oxadiazoles derivatives were greatly improved. Six compounds (6c, 6d, 6i, 6j, 6k and 6l) displayed relatively higher MDA-MB-231 potency with IC₅₀ values (0.89, 0.26, 1.35, 3.60, 0.95 and 1.08 μM) compared with the reference medicine Rosiglitazone (5.23 μM).     

天麻中天麻素含量的影响因子研究

应用高压液相色谱技术,对产地、品种、以及炮制方法等因素对天麻中天麻素含量的影响进行了比较分析.结果表明,炮制对天麻药材中天麻素的含量影响最大.对不同炮制方法的比较分析结果显示,蒸制法可显著提高天麻素的含量.本文还讨论了天麻素在炮制过程中形成的可能机理.     

天麻素通过下调Nav1.6通道表达缓解糖尿病神经病理性疼痛的研究

目的:探究天麻素对Ⅱ型糖尿病神经病理性痛的镇痛作用以及天麻素对背根神经节Nav1.6通道的表达调控作用。方法:将60只雄性SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组、糖尿病组和天麻素处理组(10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1)。通过高脂饮食喂养4周,低剂量腹腔注射STZ(30 mg·kg^-1)的方法构建Ⅱ型糖尿病神经病理性痛大鼠模型,利用痛行为学检测观察各组大鼠的机械刺激足缩反应阈值变化,采用免疫荧光组织化学及Western blot方法观察各组大鼠背根神经节上Nav1.6通道的表达变化。结果:与空白对照组相比,糖尿病模型大鼠出现显著的机械刺激疼痛阈值下降(P<0.05),且模型组大鼠背根神经节神经元上的Nav1.6通道表达上调(P<0.05)。与糖尿病组相比,连续腹腔注射天麻素3天、7天、14天后,模型动物的疼痛明显缓解(P<0.05),另外天麻素可以翻转背根神经节上Nav1.6通道的高表达(P<0.05)。结论:天麻素可能通过降低Nav1.6通道的表达来缓解Ⅱ型糖尿病神经病理性疼痛,从而为天麻素缓解糖尿病神经病理性疼痛提供新的理论依据。     

天麻素对脑缺血再灌注小鼠海马新生神经元的保护作用

目的:探讨不同剂量天麻素(Gastrodin,GAS)对缺血再灌注模型小鼠海马新生神经元的保护作用及其可能机制。方法:将50只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为假手术组(Sham)、模型组(MCAO+Vehicle)、模型+天麻素低剂量(10 mg/kg)组(MCAO+GAS(L)),模型+天麻素中剂量(50 mg/kg)组(MCAO+GAS(M)),模型+天麻素高剂量(100 mg/kg)组(MCAO+GAS(H))。除Sham组接受假手术外(皮肤切开,分离颈动脉),分别对MCAO组及MCAO+GAS各组行右侧颈内动脉栓线术,造成并保持大脑中动脉闭塞(MCAO)1 h。术后,Sham组和MCAO组即刻腹腔注射生理盐水(0.1 m L/kg),MCAO+GAS各组注射不同剂量天麻素,每24小时重复给药1次,连续7天。最后一次注射24 h后,对各组小鼠的神经功能进行评分,之后处死动物取脑组织,通过HE、免疫荧光染色以及Western Blot观察和比较各组小鼠海马形态学和DCX的表达水平。结果:(1)术后第7天,MCAO+Vehicle组小鼠神经功能评分(3.2±0.63)显著高于假手术组、MCAO+GAS(M)(1.8±0.63)和MCAO+GAS(H)组(P0.05)。(2)术后第7天,与假手术组相比较,MCAO+vehicle组海马颗粒细胞排列不规则,核稍大且固缩深染,齿状回部有较多空洞;与MCAO+vehicle组比较,MCAO+GAS(H)组海马空洞样改变减少,细胞排列较整齐,胞膜较完整,核结构较清晰。(3)术后第7天,与假手术组相比较,DCX染色阳性细胞数显著减少,而MCAO+GAS(M)组DCX染色阳性细胞数(183±64.5)和MCAO+GAS(H)组DCX染色阳性细胞数(195±93.68)显著高于MCAO+Vehicle组。MCAO+Vehicle组海马的DCX表达水平显著低于假手术组及MCAO+GAS(M)组和GAS(H)组(P0.01)。结论:天麻素可能通过上调海马DCX的表达水平,调节海马神经发生,进而对缺血性脑卒中后再灌注发挥神经保护作用。     

硫辛酸对子痫前期患者Endoglin、VEGF及Flt-1的影响及临床意义

目的:探讨硫辛酸联合低分子肝素钠对子痫前期患者胎盘组织Endoglin、VEGF、F1t-1的影响及临床意义。方法:选取我院收治的子痫前期患者108例,每组各54例,对照组予低分子肝素钠100 IU/kg,日一次静点。实验组在对照组的基础上,加以硫辛酸注射液600 mg溶于250 m L生理盐水静脉滴注,日1次,7天为1个疗程,治疗1个疗程。治疗后,观察比较两组患者的血压情况,及胎盘组织中Endoglin、VEGF、F1t-1的水平以及临床疗效。结果:1治疗后,两组患者胎盘组织中Endoglin、Flt-1蛋白表达下降,VEGF蛋白表达升高,且实验组变化更显著,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。2治疗后,两组患者的临床疗效均有所提高,且实验组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。3治疗后,两组患者的血压情况均有所改善,实验组明显优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:硫辛酸联合低分子肝素钠治疗子痫前期,能够降低胎盘组织中Endoglin、Flt-1蛋白表达,提高VEGF蛋白表达,从而降低血压,改善患者的临床疗效,值得临床推广使用。     

湖北天麻GAP基地不同品种天麻最佳采收期研究

对湖北两个天麻GAP(good agricu ltural practice)基地不同品种的天麻进行了天麻素含量的动态检测和生态条件及产量的考察。结果表明,天麻在5~9月份生长迅速,从10月下旬开始逐渐停止生长,进入11月份天麻产量达到最大;采用RP-HPLC法测定,11~12月份采收的样本天麻素含量最高。据此,确定了湖北GAP基地天麻的最佳采收期:兴山基地的乌天麻、红乌天麻和乌红天麻,广水基地的红天麻均以11月份采收为宜;兴山基地的红天麻以12月份采收为宜。     

Determination and pharmacokinetics of gastrodin in human plasma by HPLC coupled with photodiode array detector

In present study, an HPLC method coupled with photodiode array detector (HPLC-PDA) was established for determination and pharmacokinetics of gastrodin (GAS) in human plasma after an oral administration of GAS capsule. In the method, ethanol and dichloromethane were respectively used for deproteinization and purification during the sample preparation procedure. Separation of GAS was achieved on an AichromBond-AQ C18 column (5 μm, 150 mm × 4.6 mm) with the mobile phase of methanol–0.1% phosphoric acid solution (2:98, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.8 ml/min. The wavelength was set at 220 nm and the injection volume was 20 μl. Under the conditions, the calibration curve was linear within the concentration range of 50–4000 ng/ml with the correlation coefficient (r) of 0.99554 (weight = 1/X²) and the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 50 ng/ml. The inter- and intra-day precisions were less than 11% and the accuracies (%) were within the range of 95.55–103.78%. The extraction recoveries were over 65% with RSDs less than 5.50%. The GAS was proved to be stable under tested conditions. Thus, the method was valid enough to be applied for pharmacokinetic study of GAS in human plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters of GAS in human plasma after an oral administration of 200 mg GAS capsule were described as: C_max, 1484.55 ± 285.05 ng/ml; T_max, 0.81 ± 0.16 h; t_1/2α, 3.78 ± 2.33 h; t_1/2β, 6.06 ± 3.20 h; t_1/2Ka, 0.18 ± 0.53 h; K₁₂, 0.18 ± 0.41/h; K₂₁, 0.20 ± 0.16/h; K₁₀, 4.11 ± 15.81/h; V1/F, 180.35 ± 89.44 L; CL/F, 62.50 ± 140.03 l/h; AUC_0→t, 5619.41 ± 1972.88 (ng/ml) h; and AUC_0→∞, 7210.26 ± 3472.74 (ng/ml) h, respectively. These will be useful for the clinical application of GAS.