木犀科系统研究中过氧化物同工酶的应用

应用聚丙烯酰胺凝电泳分析了木犀科７属５１种（亚种,变种及某些被归并的种）植物叶片过氧化物同工酶。研究结果表明,尽管个别种的种内酶谱有变化,但各个种都有能与其他种相区别的酶谱,各属也具有其特征酶谱,过氧化物同工酶适宜的作为木犀科分类的一个重要指标。根据酶谱认为不分亚科,各族独立为宜,酶谱支持雪柳属和连翘属分别从族及丁香族中独立出来单独建族;支持撤消丁香族,将丁香属并入木犀榄族而靠近女贞属,根据酶谱及     

Antibacterial potential of Forsythia suspensa polysaccharide against resistant Enterobacter cloacae with SHV‐12 extended‐spectrum β‐lactamase (ESBL)

In this study, a homogenous polysaccharide (FSP), with an average molecular weight of 9.08 × 10⁴ Da, was isolated from Forsythia suspense and its antibacterial potential against Enterobacter cloacae producing SHV‐12 ESBL was investigated. Growth kinetics, in vitro competition and biofilm formation experiments demonstrated that SHV‐12 ESBL contributed to a fitness benefit to E cloacae strain. The antibacterial activity of FSP (2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 μg/mL) was tested against E cloacae bearing SHV‐12 ESBL gene using bacterial sensitivity, agar bioassay and agar well diffusion assays. It was found that the addition of FSP demonstrated potent antibacterial activities against this bacterial as showed by the decrease of bacterial growth and the increase of the inhibition zone diameter. Furthermore, SHV‐12 ESBL gene expression was decreased in E cloacae strain following different FSP treatment in a concentration‐dependent manner. In conclusion, these data showed that FSP exhibited potent good antibacterial activity against E cloacae producing SHV‐12 ESBL via inhibition of SHV‐12 ESBL gene expression, which may promote the development of novel natural antibacterial agents to treat infections caused by this drug‐resistant bacterial pathogen.     

根域限制和氮素水平对连翘幼苗生长的影响

在植物生长箱通过溶液培养试验,从叶片光合气体交换参数、叶绿素含量及其荧光参数等方面来探讨不同氮素浓度条件下根域体积对连翘幼苗光合生理特性及生长的影响,并采用^15N示踪技术对不同氮素浓度条件下根域体积对连翘幼苗体内氮素转运进行了研究。结果表明：低氮（LN）处理幼苗的地上部和根系干物质重较高氮（HN）处理的高,根域限制对地上部和根系干物质重的影响不同,LN处理幼苗地上部和根系干物质重在低根域体积（10cm×10cm×15cm,LR）处理均较高根域体积（20cm×10cm×15cm,HR）处理的低,HN处理的幼苗响应情况有所不同。LN处理幼苗的叶片净光合速率（Pn）和叶绿素含量较HN处理的高;LN处理幼苗Pn和气孔导度（Gs）在LR处理较HR处理的高,而HN处理幼苗的Pn和Gs随根域体积变化规律与LN处理相反,LN和HN处理叶绿素含量随根域体积变化规律与Pn相反。LN处理幼苗的PSⅡ最大光化学量子效率（Fv／Fm）和PSⅡ电子传递量子效率（ФPSⅡ）均较HN处理的高,不同供氮处理下LR处理幼苗的Fv／Fm均较HR处理的高;而ФPSⅡ的变化规律相反。不同供氮处理时,LR处理幼苗的光化学猝灭系数（qP）均较HR处理的低,而非光化学猝灭系数（qNP）的变化规律相反,LN处理幼苗的qNP较HN处理的高（P〈0．05）。不同供氮处理时,LR处理幼苗根系和地上部氮含量均较HR处理的低,LN处理幼苗根系和地上部氮含量较HN处理的低,幼苗根系和地上部氮含量随氮素浓度变化差异显著（P〈0．05）。LN处理幼苗根系吸收^15N在根系和叶片的分配率均较HN处理的低,而根系吸收^15N在枝和茎的分配率呈相反变化规律。根系吸收氮在叶片和枝的分配率分别为7％～10％和7％～12％,叶片和枝生长需要的氮素主要由其内源N库提供。     

连翘提取物对嗜水气单胞菌群体感应系统的影响

【背景】传统抑菌剂的大量使用导致细菌产生多重耐药性与抗性,而基于细菌群体感应靶点调控的新型抑菌剂可缓解细菌耐药性与抗性,是未来抑菌剂的发展方向之一。【目的】研究连翘(Forsythiasuspensa)提取物对嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonashydrophila)群体感应系统的影响及可能的作用机制,为新型抑菌剂的开发提供理论依据。【方法】以紫色杆菌(Chromobacterium violaceum)CV026为报告菌株,以嗜水气单胞菌为供试菌株,采用倍比稀释法测定连翘提取物对2种菌的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC),通过微量法测定提取物对嗜水气单胞菌生长、群集运动及蛋白酶活性的影响,利用高效液相色谱串联质谱法分析提取物中的主要成分,采用分子对接模拟探究提取物对嗜水气单胞菌群体感应系统的作用机制。【结果】连翘提取物对紫色杆菌CV026和嗜水气单胞菌的MIC均为16.00mg/mL。在亚抑菌浓度下,连翘提取物处理显著抑制了CV026紫色菌素的产生,最大抑制率高达56.30%。经8.00mg/mL连翘提取物处理后,嗜水气单胞菌的群集运...     

基于响应面法从连翘叶中提取连翘酯苷A和连翘苷的工艺优化

采用响应面分析法优化连翘叶中连翘酯苷A和连翘苷的最佳提取工艺条件,在单因素实验基础上,采用Box-Behnken中心组合设计原理研究液料比、乙醇浓度、浸提时间、浸提温度4个因素对连翘酯苷A得率和连翘苷得率的影响.利用Design Expert 8.0.5 b分析确定最佳提取工艺,根据实际条件,得到连翘酯苷A和连翘苷的最佳提取工艺为:乙醇浓度53％、提取温度74℃、浸提时间为53 min、液料比30 mL/g.回归模型预测最优条件下连翘酯苷A得率为7.53％,连翘苷得率为3.03％,验证值分别为7.56％,3.09％,与预测值的相对误差分别为0.4％,2.0％.     

连翘种子挥发油抑真菌及在猪油脂酸败过程中的作用

利用滤纸片法观察不同浓度连翘种子挥发油对啤酒酵母、产黄青霉以及黑曲霉的抑制作用,并测定了其最小杀菌浓度;利用猪油体系对连翘种子挥发油在油脂酸败过程中的作用进行了初步探索。结果表明连翘种子挥发油对这三种真菌均有很好的抑制作用,最小杀菌浓度分别为:啤酒酵母为3.91×10-4mL/100 mL,产黄青霉为7.81×10-4mL/100 mL,黑曲霉为3.13×10-3mL/100 mL;而连翘种子挥发油对猪油具有促进其氧化的作用。     

New Lignans from the Flower of Forsythia koreana and Their Suppression Effect on VCAM‐1 Expression in MOVAS Cells

Six lignans including two new lignans were obtained as the principal components of the Forsythia koreana flowers via silica gel (SiO₂), octadecyl SiO₂ (ODS) as well as Sephadex LH‐20 column chromatography. In addition to two new lignans, named koreanaside A ((7R,8S,7′R,8′S)‐7,7′‐diepoxy‐5′‐hydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxylignan 4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside) and koreanaside B ((7R,8S,7′S,8′R)‐7,9′‐epoxy‐9,5′,7′‐trihydroxy‐3,3′‐dimethoxylignan 4‐O‐β‐d ‐glucopyranoside), four known lignans were identified to be (+)‐phylligenin, (?)‐epipinoresinol, pinoresinol, and tinosposide A. The structures and absolute configurations of koreanasides A and B were established by means of analysis of spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, FAB‐MS, and CD), whereas the structures of known lignans were identified by comparison their NMR and MS values with those in the reported literature. Their chemical structures including configuration were established by means of analysis of spectroscopic data (NMR, IR, FAB‐MS, and CD) but also comparison of their NMR and MS values with those in the reported literature. This is the first article for isolation of six lignans of F. koreana flowers. Koreanasides A and B showed high radical scavenging activity with oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values of 0.97 ± 0.01 and 1.02 ± 0.01, respectively. Koreanaside A also prohibited expressing VCAM‐1 in MOVAS cells with 80.5% at 25 mg/mL.     

连翘叶黄酮对力竭游泳恢复小鼠的抗疲劳作用研究

为探讨连翘叶黄酮(flavonoids from Forsythia suspense leaves,FFL)对力竭运动恢复小鼠的抗疲劳作用,对小鼠以FFL或同体积生理盐水灌胃30 d,进行一次性力竭游泳,恢复24 h后,测定小鼠肝脏、心肌和股四头肌的SOD活性和MDA含量,并观察这几个脏器的亚显微结构.结果表明,运动+FFL大剂量组这三种组织的SOD活性较运动对照组和安静对照组高(P＜0.05),而MDA水平则较运动对照组低(P＜0.05),与安静对照组无显著差异(P＞0.05).透射电镜的观察结果表明,运动+FFL大剂量组小鼠三种组织中的微损伤均较运动对照组轻.该结果说明,连翘叶黄酮可有效保护一次性力竭运动对小鼠的肝脏、心肌和股四头肌造成的微损伤.     

Betulinic and oleanolic acids isolated from Forsythia suspensa Vahl inhibit urease activity of Helicobacter pylori

Sixteen medicinal herbs were selected from a database on traditional herbal materials as well as literature on Korean plant resources. Then ethanol (70%, v/v) extracts of these herbs were tested for inhibition of the urease activity of Helicobacter pylori. The urease activity of H. pylori was strongly (82%) inhibited by extract of Forsythia suspensa Vahl. Active compounds in extract of Forsythia suspensa Vahl were first separated by batch mode solvent extraction, followed by purification by silica gel and octadecyl silica gel column chromatography using solvents of different polarity. According to NMR analysis of the last chromatographic fraction, we identified the presence of betulinic acid and oleanolic acid, which are known to have anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-HIV viral activities.