生物制品GMP(WHO,1992)

生物制品ＧＭＰ（ＷＨＯ,１９９２）目录１．本指南范围２．原则３．人员４．厂房和设备５．动物设施及管理６．生产７．标签８．批加工记录（格式）和分发记录９．质量保证和质量控制１本指南范围本指南系作为《药品ＧＭＰ》（见ＷＨＯＴＲＳ,ＮＯ．８２３）的补充。生...     

艾叶超临界CO2萃取物的抑菌活性研究

本文研究了艾叶超临界CO2萃取物的抑菌活性。结果表明:艾叶超临界CO2萃取物对细菌、酵母、霉菌都有一定的抑菌作用,在酸性环境和碱性环境较为显著,对大多数细菌、酵母、霉菌的MIC不超过0.78 g/L。高温长时间处理对萃取物抑菌活性影响较大,但高温瞬时或低温处理对萃取物抑菌活性影响不大。     

Antiviral activity of the effective monomers from folium isatidis against influenza virus in vivo

In order to evaluate the anti-influenza virus activity of the effective monomer from Folium Isatidis (FI) in vivo, we established mice model with viral pneumonia and divided them into 3 different dose groups, then observed their lung indexes, pulmonary pathological changes, pulmonary virus hemagglitination titers, living time and death rates. The results showed that the monomer could reduce the pulmonary index from 2.64 to 1.93, 1.63 and 1.40 (P<0.01) and decrease the hemagglitination titer from 1.15 to 0.84, 0.70 and 0.59 (P<0.01). In addition, different groups of FI could significantly lessen the mortality rate from 100% to 30%, 25% and 15%, and prolong the living time from 5.1d to 6.5d, 8.4d and 8.9d respectively(P<0.01). The high dose (75 mg/kg/d) has the similar effect with 100 mg/kg/d dose of virazole(P>0.05), and more effective than 200 mg/kg/d dose of antiviral liquor (P<0.05).     

板蓝根联合阿奇霉素对小儿支原体肺炎血清炎症因子影响

目的:探究板蓝根联合阿奇霉素对小儿支原体肺炎患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10浓度的影响。方法:选择2014年1月-2014年12月在我院接受治疗的患儿80例,均确诊为支原体肺炎,按随机数字表分为实验组和对照组。对照组给予阿奇霉素粉针剂与阿奇霉素治疗。实验组在对照组基础上给予板蓝根提取液治疗。观察并比较两组治疗前后外周血TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8及IL-10水平的变化情况及疗效与不良反应发生率。结果:实验组的临床治疗的总有效率较高(P0.05);治疗后两组促炎因子TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平均明显下降(P0.05),与对照组相比,实验组TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8水平较低(P0.05);治疗后两组患儿血清抗炎因子IL-10水平均下降(P0.05),与对照组相比,实验组IL-10较低(P0.05);与对照组相比,实验组不良反应发生率较低(P0.05)。结论:板蓝根联合阿奇霉素能够明显降低小儿支原体肺炎患者血清中TNF-α、IL-6、IL-8和IL-10的浓度,提高治疗效果,对临床有指导意义。     

超声-微波协同提取大青叶多糖及其分子特性和免疫活性研究

为研究大青叶多糖的分子特性和免疫活性,采用超声-微波协同提取大青叶多糖并测定其化学组成,衍生化后利用气质联用分析仪检测单糖组成和链接方式,用HPSEC-MALLS-RI联机系统测定分子质量及分布情况,最后利用RAW264. 7细胞分析大青叶多糖的免疫活性。结果表明,多糖最佳提取参数:料液比25∶1(V/m),温度90℃,蒸馏水浸提70 min,超声-微波提取50 min,微波功率500 W,超声功率50 W,多糖得率为10. 49%。大青叶多糖化学组成包括63. 8%总糖、13. 1%蛋白质、14. 2%硫酸根和12. 6%糖醛酸,单糖组成主要包括半乳糖、阿拉伯糖、鼠李糖和葡萄糖,分子质量为7. 85×105u,回转半径为183. 3 nm。同时分析了大青叶多糖的链接方式,体外生物活性实验表明大青叶多糖可以促进RAW264. 7细胞增殖并产生一氧化氮。     

Effect of<Emphasis Type="Italic">Foilum mori</Emphasis> on adipocyte differentiation

Several natural products were tested to control the differentiation of cultured human mesenchymal stem cell into adipocyte. The extent of the inhibitory effect on the conversion of adipose was measured using Oil red O staining, which stains accumulated lipid droplets in the cytoplasm of adipocyte. Of the various natural product extracts, the adipocyte differentiation was inhibited by an extract fromFolium mori in the concentration range 1×10⁻⁴∼5×10⁻² g/mL. These results suggest thatFolium mori has an inhibitory activity toward the adipose conversion, which is a major cause of obesity.     

Folium Sennae and emodin reverse airway smooth muscle contraction

The objective of this project was to find a bronchodilatory compound from herbs and clarify the mechanism. We found that the ethanol extract of Folium Sennae (EEFS) can relax airway smooth muscle (ASM). EEFS inhibited ASM contraction, induced by acetylcholine, in mouse tracheal rings and lung slices. High‐performance liquid chromatography assay showed that EEFS contained emodin. Emodin had a similar reversal action. Acetylcholine‐evoked contraction was also partially reduced by nifedipine (a selective inhibitor of L‐type voltage‐dependent Ca²⁺ channels, LVDCCs), YM‐58483 (a selective inhibitor of store‐operated Ca²⁺ entry, SOCE), as well as Y‐27632 (an inhibitor of Rho‐associated protein kinase). In addition, LVDCC‐ and SOCE‐mediated currents and cytosolic Ca²⁺ elevations were inhibited by emodin. Emodin reversed acetylcholine‐caused increases in phosphorylation of myosin phosphatase target subunit 1. Furthermore, emodin, in vivo, inhibited acetylcholine‐induced respiratory system resistance in mice. These results indicate that EEFS‐induced relaxation results from emodin inhibiting LVDCC, SOCE, and Ca²⁺ sensitization. These findings suggest that Folium Sennae and emodin may be new sources of bronchodilators.     

银杏叶口腔崩解片的研制及质量评价

以明胶、甘露醇和阿司帕坦为矫味剂,以微晶纤维素、低取代羟丙基纤维素和交联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为崩解剂,采用直接压片法,制备银杏叶口腔崩解片,并测定了口感和体内外崩解时间,考察了硬度对崩解时间的影响。当明胶/甘露醇/阿司帕坦比例为1．5：1：0．1时,口感良好;当微晶纤维素／低取代羟丙基纤维素胶联聚乙烯吡咯烷酮的比例为9：1：2时,体内外崩解时间在60秒以内;当硬度在3～4kg时,崩解时间60秒以内。     

艾叶用于动物实验室空气消毒的效果观察及吸人刺激实验

目的研究艾叶熏蒸动物实验室空气消毒的适宜剂量及其对实验动物的吸人刺激性。方法（1）用艾叶1g／m^3、2g／m^3、4g／m^3的低、中、高三个剂量分别对三间空动物实验室空气熏蒸消毒,检测消毒前及消毒后12h空气菌落数（CFU）,每周1次,连续10周。以CFU≤30个／皿为合格标准,计算各组消毒10次后的合格率。（2）将40只SD大鼠分为对照组和艾叶低、中、高剂量组,每组10只,放在4个隔离器内。分别用艾叶1g／m^3、2g／m^3、4g／m^3的剂量对低、中、高剂量组隔离器进行熏蒸消毒,12h后取各组大鼠肺组织,光镜下观察其损伤情况。结果（1）消毒前,低、中、高剂量组CFU均不合格,且组间差异无显著性;消毒后12h,各组CFU均合格,低剂量组与中、高剂量组差异显著（P＜0．05）,中、高剂量组组间差异不显著;消毒10次,低剂量组合格率为80％,中、高剂量组合格率均为100％。（2）与对照组比较,艾叶三个剂量组大鼠肺组织均出现不同程度的病理变化。结论（1）艾叶用于动物实验室空气消毒的较佳剂量为2g／m^3。（2）艾叶熏蒸空气消毒对实验动物呼吸系统有刺激性损伤。