灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统研究现状及趋势

信息工作是决策的依据和先导,如何准确、及时、高效地收集、整理、分析灾难及突发事件信息、伤病员基本信息、救治信息等,已成为医院管理信息学的研究热点问题,也是医院在灾难和突发事件大量伤员信息管理中面临的难点问题。本文就灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统研究现状及趋势进行综述。     

灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统建设构想

本文系统地介绍了灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统的建设构想。从研发目的、意义、系统功能需求、结构和特点,五个方面进行了详细的阐述,旨在为相关的医院信息化、卫勤管理、医疗服务工作提供思路,为下一步研发应用该系统做准备,促进灾害和突发事件医疗信息化建设。     

灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统建设构想

本文系统地介绍了灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统的建设构想。从研发目的、意义、系统功能需求、结构和特点,五个方面进行了详细的阐述,旨在为相关的医院信息化、卫勤管理、医疗服务工作提供思路,为下一步研发应用该系统做准备,促进灾害和突发事件医疗信息化建设。     

Atención de pacientes adultos con crisis epilépticas en servicios de urgencias (Registro ACESUR). Diferencias en función de la edad ≥ 75 años

ObjectivesTo determine whether there are differences in the profile and in the care of adult patients with epileptic seizures in emergency department according to age ≥ 75 years, and if this is independently associated with results in the emergency department and 30 days after discharge.Material and methodsACESUR is a multicentre, prospective, observational cohort multipurpose register that was carried out in 2017. The distribution of the variables corresponding to the clinical presentation and care according to age ≥ 75 years were compared. Subsequently, logistic regression models were performed with the objective of evaluating the effect of age ≥ 75 years on the outcome variables.ResultsA total of 541 (81.5%) cases younger than 75 years were analysed compared to 123 adult patients (18.5%) of ≥ 75 years or more. In the group of long-lived it was observed significantly greater probability of dependence, co-morbidity, polypharmacy, a previous visit to the hospital emergency department, arrived by ambulance, first seizures and a symptomatic aetiopathogenic classification. In the multivariate analysis, after adjusting for the above variables, it is observed that age > 75 years is associated independently with a higher incidence of specific supplementary tests (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.21-4.44), but not pharmacological intervention (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 0.96-2.80), or hospitalisation or extended stay in emergency departments (OR: 1.56; 95% CI: 0.94-2.59). On adjusting for all previous variables, age > 75 years is associated with lower incidence of adverse events at 30 days (OR: 0.43; 95% CI: 0.25-0.77).ConclusionsIn the ACESUR Registry, differences in clinical presentation and in the care of patients with seizures in emergency departments were identified when comparing those patients > 75 years with those < 75 years. Age ≥ 75 years is not independently associated with a higher incidence of intervention in emergency departments, or with more adverse outcomes at 30 days after discharge.     

灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统研究现状及趋势

信息工作是决策的依据和先导,如何准确、及时、高效地收集、整理、分析灾难及突发事件信息、伤病员基本信息、救治信息等,已成为医院管理信息学的研究热点问题,也是医院在灾难和突发事件大量伤员信息管理中面临的难点问题。本文就灾难及突发事件住院信息管理系统研究现状及趋势进行综述。     

Decontamination of radioisotopes

Contaminations with radioactive material may occur in several situations related to medicine, industry or research. Seriousness of the incident depends mainly on the radioactive element involved; usually there are no major acute health effects, but in the long term can cause malignancies, leukemia, genetic defects and teratogenic anomalies.The most common is superficial contamination, but the radioactive material can get into the body and be retained by the cells of target organs, injuring directly and permanently sensitive elements of the body. Rapid intervention is very important to remove the radioactive material without spreading it. Work must be performed in a specially prepared area and personnel involved should wear special protective clothing. For external decontamination general cleaning techniques are used, usually do not require chemical techniques. For internal decontamination is necessary to use specific agents, according to the causative element, as well physiological interventions to enhance elimination and excretion.