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A new genus, Versicolorisporium, is established for the coelomycetous fungus collected in Japan on dead culms of the bamboos Pleioblastus chino and Sasamorpha borealis. The type species of the genus, V. triseptatum, is characterized by the production of holoblastic, 3-septate, obovoid, versicolored conidia. Versicolorisporium is similar to Toxosporiella, Neohendersonia, Toxosporiopsis, and Scolicosporium in having versicolored conidia, but differs from these genera by the uniloculate pycnidial conidiomata with a periphysate
ostiole, lacking paraphyses, and the conidia without black-banded septa. A BLAST search using LSU nrDNA sequence indicates
that the new genus is a member of Pleosporales, Dothideomycetes. 相似文献
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The Ambrosia gall midge [Asteromyia carbonifera (Osten Sacken) (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Alycaulini)] consists, in part, of a complex of genetically differentiated populations that have diverged in gall morphology on the host plant Solidago altissima L. (Asteraceae). This divergence appears to be an incipient adaptive radiation that may be driven by parasitoid pressure. Understanding the mechanisms driving this genetic and phenotypic diversification requires a close examination of the relationship between the midge and its fungal associate Botryosphaeria dothidea (Moug.) Ces. & De Not. (Ascomycota: Dothideomycetes), whose mycelia actually form the protective gall structure. We used manipulative experiments to test the degree of interdependency of the fungus and the midge, and we employed field and laboratory studies to gain insight into the source of fungal conidia, which our data and observations indicate are collected by females and stored in specialized pockets (mycangia) on the ovipositor. Manipulative experiments demonstrate that fungal proliferation on the host plant is dependent on the midge larvae and larvae exhibit significant growth on the fungus alone. Field observations and experiments were unable to identify the source of mycangial conidia; however, analyses of conidia shape suggest a biotrophic source. We conclude that this association is an obligatory mutualism with respect to successful gall formation. These findings corroborate recent findings that the primary food source of the midge is the gall fungus. 相似文献
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During a latitudinal survey of freshwater ascomycetes, an unidentified fungus with bitunicate asci was found on submerged
wood and herbaceous material from Florida and Costa Rica. Based on morphological characteristics and 28S rDNA large subunit
(LSU) sequence data, this fungus is described as a new genus and species, Wicklowia aquatica, and placed in the Pleosporales (Pleosporomycetidae, Dothideomycetes). Phylogenetic analyses based on LSU sequences did not
resolve the familial placement of W. aquatica within the Pleosporales. The characteristic features of W. aquatica are subglobose, dorsiventrally flattened, ostiolate, immersed to erumpent, black ascomata; a peridial wall composed of 4–5
layers of darkened pseudoparenchymatic cells; cellular pseudoparaphyses immersed in a gel matrix; broadly clavate, bitunicate
asci; and cylindrical, hyaline, one-septate ascospores with rounded apices and surrounded by a gelatinous sheath that expands
in water; ascospore sheath attached at the ascospore base with a gelatinous curtain extending from the base that fragments
into basal filamentous appendages which radiate from the base of the ascospore. 相似文献
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The loculoascomycete Moristroma quercinum sp. nov. and Moristroma japonicum sp. nov. are described from Northern Europe (Denmark, Lithuania, Sweden) and Japan, respectively. M. quercinum is reported from wood of Quercus robur and Q. petraea, and M. japonicum is reported from wood of Quercus mongolica var. grossoserrata. Ascostromata of both species were found on hard heartwood of attached or shed branches. The two new species differ from
the type species of the genus, M. polysporum, by the presence of pycnidia, and by the size of ascostromata, asci and ascospores. Drawings illustrate ascostromata, pycnidia,
asci, hamathecium and ascospores of the two new species. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Moristroma belongs to the Chaetothyriomycetes, rather than to the Dothideomycetes as previously suggested. 相似文献
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Fernando Fernández‐Mendoza Antonia Fleischhacker Theodora Kopun Martin Grube Lucia Muggia 《Molecular ecology》2017,26(18):4811-4830
As self‐supporting and long‐living symbiotic structures, lichens provide a habitat for many other organisms beside the traditionally considered lichen symbionts—the myco‐ and the photobionts. The lichen‐inhabiting fungi either develop diagnostic phenotypes or occur asymptomatically. Because the degree of specificity towards the lichen host is poorly known, we studied the diversity of these fungi among neighbouring lichens on rocks in an alpine habitat. Using a sequencing metabarcoding approach, we show that lichen mycobiomes clearly reflect the overlap of multiple ecological sets of taxa, which differ in their trophic association with lichen thalli. The lack of specificity to the lichen mycobiome is further supported by the lack of community structure observed using clustering and ordination methods. The communities encountered across samples largely result from the subsampling of a shared species pool, in which we identify three major ecological components: (i) a generalist environmental pool, (ii) a lichenicolous/endolichenic pool and (iii) a pool of transient species. These taxa majorly belong to the fungal classes Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes and Tremellomycetes with close relatives in adjacent ecological niches. We found no significant evidence that the phenotypically recognized lichenicolous fungi influence the occurrence of the other asymptomatic fungi in the host thalli. We claim that lichens work as suboptimal habitats or as a complex spore and mycelium bank, which modulate and allow the regeneration of local fungal communities. By performing an approach that minimizes ambiguities in the taxonomic assignments of fungi, we present how lichen mycobiomes are also suitable targets for improving bioinformatic analyses of fungal metabarcoding. 相似文献
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《Mycoscience》2014,55(1):43-48
A new species of Lindgomyces (L. griseosporus) is described and illustrated from submerged wood collected in a small stream in southern France. It is morphologically characterized by gray, narrowly fusiform ascospores with supramedian primary septum, which lacks a mucilaginous sheath at maturity. Its relationships with other species of Lindgomyces are discussed based on both morphology and 28S rDNA sequence comparisons. Lindgomyces ingoldianus, the type species of Lindgomyces, and L. cinctosporae are reported for the first time from Europe. 相似文献