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1.
Effects of 1,1-dimethyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl)semicarbazide (DPSS) on carnation flower longevity 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Naoki Midoh Yuki Saijou Kuniomi Matsumoto Michiaki Iwata 《Plant Growth Regulation》1996,20(3):195-199
The effects of a novel preservative for cut carnation flowers, 1,1-dimethyl-4-(phenylsulfonyl)semicarbazide (DPSS), were investigated. DPSS extended the vase life of cut carnation flowers not only by continuous treatment but pulse treatment as well. This inhibition of senescence by DPSS appeared to depend on that of ethylene production in carnation flowers. DPSS provided no protection from the action of ethylene nor did it inhibit 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase. It did inhibit ACC-dependent ethylene production in carnation petal discs, suggesting possible potential for inhibiting ACC oxidase. 相似文献
2.
M. Nakano Y. Hoshino M. Mii 《TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik》1996,92(2):170-172
Hypocotyl-derived protoplasts of Dianthus barbatus that had been pretreated with iodoacetamide were fused electrically with cell suspension culture-derived protoplasts of Gypsophila paniculata that could divide to form callus but could not regenerate shoots under the culture conditions used in this study. Electrofusion-derived calli which produced shoots were selected as putative somatic hybrids, and plantlets were subsequently regenerated from 2 of these selected calli. These plantlets, which in vitro produced flowers precociously, were identified as intergeneric somatic hybrids by nuclear ribosomal DNA analysis. Normal plants have not been established up to the present. 相似文献
3.
Biljana R. Deki Milenko N. Risti Marko Z. Mladenovi Vidoslav S. Deki Novica R. Risti Vladimir Ranelovi Niko S. Radulovi 《化学与生物多样性》2019,16(7)
Some carnation species (Dianthus spp., Caryophyllaceae) exhibit a strong resistance to drought stress that is connected with the increased surface wax formation. Wax composition is unknown for the majority of Dianthus spp. Herein, mass spectral and gas chromatographic data, in combination with synthesis and chemical transformations (transesterification and synthesis of dimethyl disulfide adducts), enabled the identification of 151 constituents of diethyl‐ether washings of fresh flowers of Dianthus cruentus Griseb . from Serbia. The flower wax contained, along with the dominant ubiquitous long‐chain n‐alkanes, homologous series of n‐ and branched (iso‐ and anteiso‐) long‐chain hexyl alkanoates/alkenoates and alkyl/alkenyl benzoates. The branching position in the mentioned hexyl esters was probed by synthesis of esters of three isomeric hexanols that were spectrally characterized (1H‐ and 13C‐NMR, IR, MS). The washings also contained long‐chain (Z)‐ and (E)‐alkenes (C23?C35) with several different double bond regiochemistries. Fifty‐five of these constituents (eight hexyl esters, two benzoates, and forty‐five alkenes) were detected for the first time in Plantae, while ten of these represent completely new compounds. The rare occurrence of these wax constituents makes them possible chemotaxonomic markers of this particular Dianthus sp. 相似文献
4.
Root explants excised from carnation plants maintained in vitro formed off-white, friable calluses after three weeks of culture
on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1 mg l−1 thidiazuron (TDZ) and 1 mg l−1 α-naphthalaneacetic acid (NAA). These calluses were subsequently transferred to MS basal medium where, after an additional
four weeks of culture, approximately 50% of the calluses formed somatic embryos. However, calluses formed on root explants
that had been cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid did not produce somatic embryos upon
transfer to MS basal medium. Somatic embryos developed into plantlets and subsequently were grown to maturity. These results
indicate that root explants have a high competence for somatic embryogenesis in carnation.
J. Seo and S.W. Kim contributed equally to this work. 相似文献
5.
新疆石竹属野生种核糖体DNA的ITS序列与亲缘关系 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
新疆是我国石竹属植物分布和分化中心,种质资源丰富。通过采用PCR直接测序法,对新疆石竹属(Dianthus)植物野生种共8个种及外类群(Lychnis coronata Thunb)rDNA的ITS区(包括ITS-1,5.8S,rDNA和ITS-2)进行序列测定。研究结果说明,新疆石生属植物的ITS序列总长度为617-621bp,长度变异较小,仅相差4bp,种间序列同源性很高,达97.6%-99.8%,外类群的序列同源性为80%左右。ITS区序列在石竹属内是相当保守的,石竹属物种间序列变异位点基本上是转移多于颠换,且转移率较高,转换/颠换率为1.0-3.0。系统地位和亲缘关系分析表明分布于中国的石竹属植物3个组即齿瓣组(sect.Barbulatum Williams)和石竹组(sect.Dianthus),遂瓣组(sect.Fimbriatum Williams)的亲缘关系较远,而sect.Dianthus与sect.Fimbriatum Williams的亲缘关系较近。ITS系统发育树揭示了石竹组起源早于遂瓣组和齿瓣组,其结果与传统形态学论述存在很大差异。 相似文献
6.
Synergistic effect of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid and ethylene during senescence of isolated carnation petals 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The effects of ethylene (C2 H4 ), (2-chloroethyl)phosphonic acid (ethefon) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) on senescence of isolated intact petals and of upper petal parts of carnation flowers ( Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv. White Sim) were investigated.
Isolated upper petal parts did not respond to treatment with ethefon or ACC. These tissues did, however, show severe wilting in intact petals that were treated with ethefon or ACC. When isolated upper petal parts were simultaneously treated with ACC and ethefon or ACC and ethylene, a marked synergistic effect on senescence was found. Treatment of isolated petals with radiolabeled ACC led to the accumulation of radiolabeled ACC and N-malonyl-ACC (MACC) in the upper parts. The formation of ethylene and the malonylation of ACC were inhibited by pretreatment of the flower with the inhibitor of ethylene action, silver thiosulphate (STS), which indicates that both were induced by endogenously produced ethylene. Treatment of isolated upper parts with ACC slightly increased their ethylene production. However, when these petal parts were simultaneously treated with ethylene and ACC, the conversion of ACC to ethylene was markedly stimulated.
The results indicate that, in intact petals, ethylene may be translocated from the basal to the upper part where it stimulates the activity of the ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE), thereby making the tissue receptive to ACC.
In addition, it was found that upon incubation of petal portions in radiolabeled ACC, both the petal tissue and the incubation solutions produced radiolabeled carbon dioxide. This was shown to be due to microorganisms that were able to metabolize the carbon atoms in the 2 and 3 position of ACC into carbon dioxide. 相似文献
Isolated upper petal parts did not respond to treatment with ethefon or ACC. These tissues did, however, show severe wilting in intact petals that were treated with ethefon or ACC. When isolated upper petal parts were simultaneously treated with ACC and ethefon or ACC and ethylene, a marked synergistic effect on senescence was found. Treatment of isolated petals with radiolabeled ACC led to the accumulation of radiolabeled ACC and N-malonyl-ACC (MACC) in the upper parts. The formation of ethylene and the malonylation of ACC were inhibited by pretreatment of the flower with the inhibitor of ethylene action, silver thiosulphate (STS), which indicates that both were induced by endogenously produced ethylene. Treatment of isolated upper parts with ACC slightly increased their ethylene production. However, when these petal parts were simultaneously treated with ethylene and ACC, the conversion of ACC to ethylene was markedly stimulated.
The results indicate that, in intact petals, ethylene may be translocated from the basal to the upper part where it stimulates the activity of the ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE), thereby making the tissue receptive to ACC.
In addition, it was found that upon incubation of petal portions in radiolabeled ACC, both the petal tissue and the incubation solutions produced radiolabeled carbon dioxide. This was shown to be due to microorganisms that were able to metabolize the carbon atoms in the 2 and 3 position of ACC into carbon dioxide. 相似文献
7.
常夏石竹耐盐突变体渗透调节的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
在离体培养条件下利用γ-射线作诱变剂获得耐0.5%、0.7%、1.0%NaCl的突变系,通过对稳定突变系植株叶片渗透剂含量及对渗透势贡献大小的测定表明耐盐突变体叶中K+、游离氨基酸、Na+、脯氨酸的含量高于对照,其中脯氨酸和Na+积累最明显。而叶片中可溶性糖的含量、K+/Na+低于对照。Na+对突变体植株叶片渗透势贡献最大,是最主要的渗透调节剂之一。耐盐突变体植株内存在渗透物质的再分配,叶内有吸钾排钠现象。 相似文献
8.
Shazia Parveen Foziya Altaf Sumira Farooq Aehsan ul Haq Mohammad Lateef Lone Inayatullah Tahir 《Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants》2021,27(7):1597
The present investigation primarily focussed on evaluating the efficacy of exogenous proline on the flower longevity of Dianthus chinensis L. Floral buds were harvested at the paint brush stage (i.e., a day prior to anthesis) and divided into 6 sets, with one set of buds (i.e., control) held in distilled water and rest of the 5 sets were supplemented with various concentrations of proline, viz., 10 mM, 20 mM, 30 mM, 40 mM and 50 mM. The application of proline at 40 mM concentration proved out to be most effective in improving the longevity of the flowers by about 4 days as compared to the control. The ameliorated longevity coincided with enhanced floral diameter, fresh mass, dry mass and water content. The flowers with delayed senescence also maintained higher soluble proteins, sugars and phenols. The results suggest that exogenous proline effectively alleviates oxidative stress in the petal tissue, as evident by a relatively lower maloendialdehyde content, which is manifested in the form of reduced lipid peroxidation (LPO). Reduced LPO was commensurate with increased membrane stability, quantified by membrane stability index. Moreover, the flowers with improved longevity exhibited a decline in lipoxygenase activity and significant augmentation of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase and ascorbate peroxidase. 相似文献
9.
10.
There is a sudden increase in free radical levels, measured from the electron spin resonance (ESR) signal, in cut carnation ( Dianthus caryophyllus L. cv. Ember) petal powders between the end of blooming and the onset of withering. There is also an increase in the microsomal generation of superoxide radicals (measured from the ESR-Tiron signal). These increases correspond to a decrease of polar lipids content, a slight increase in peroxides and to the onset of a sudden efflux of electrolytes. A correlation is established between free radical production and the loss of membrane integrity. Catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) activity increases progressively until complete withering and an hypothesis concerning the action of this enzyme is proposed. The changes in superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) activity appear to be independent of the amplitude of the ESR-Tiron signal. 相似文献