Correlating the global Cambrian–Ordovician boundary: Precise comparison of the Xiaoyangqiao section,Dayangcha, North China with the Green Point GSSP section,Newfoundland, Canada

The Cambrian–Ordovician boundary interval exposed at the Xiaoyangqiao section, North China is presented. The distribution of stratigraphically important fossils in the Xiaoyangqiao section revealed several nearly coeval graptolite, conodont, trilobite, and acritarch bioevents in the uppermost Cambrian–lowermost Ordovician carbonate-siliciclastic sedimentary sequence. The precise correlation to the Green Point GSSP section, western Newfoundland, Canada allows for the identification of the corresponding GSSP level in the Xiaoyangqiao section. The combined data from the Xiaoyangqiao section and the Green Point GSSP section provide a series of events that all can be applied as proxies for identification of the Cambrian–Ordovician boundary horizon outside the GSSP. Based on this, the Xiaoyangqiao section, Dayangcha, is here strongly recommended as a candidate for an Auxiliary Boundary Stratigraphic Section and Point section (ASSP) for the base of the Ordovician System, because it provides one of the best and most complete Cambrian–Ordovician transitions in the world and because the first planktic graptolites are from the Xiaoyangqiao section.     

中国大阳岔寒武-奥陶系界线地层碳酸盐岩碳、氧同位素及其与牙形类演化序列相关性

采自吉林省太阳岔小羊桥寒武－奥陶系界线层型剖面１０１块泥晶灰岩的碳、氧稳定同位素分析数据表明：寒武－奥陶纪转换期间,δ１３Ｃ值曾发生了５次涨落现象,这些现象与牙形类演化序列具密切的相关性。它们被命名如下：１）ＰＣＭ低谷;２）ＴＣＭ低谷;３）ＨＳＳ峰;４）ＣＰＦ涨落,５）ＣＬＦ涨落。相同的涨落在澳大利亚黑山同期地层得到确认。碳同位素跨洲性同步涨落显然与全球环境变化有关,因此它是寒武－奥陶系界线地层洲际对比的一种有用工具。沉积岩石学和古生物学研究表明,δ１３Ｃ谷区与海平面低位和生物生产量下降有重要相关性。氧同位素值的分布区间为－９．８４％０—－６．６９‰,呈明显亏损现象,这种亏损现象表明样品均受到成岩作用影响。与碳同位素值对比研究发现,氧同位素值涨落与碳同位素涨落成正相关,或成负相关现象,这种相关性表明氧同位素原始信息并没有因成岩作用而全部丢失。     

Tremadocian (Ordovician) biostratigraphy and graptolites at Dayangcha (Baishan,Jilin, NE China)

Based on a systematic study of Tremadocian graptolites from the Early Ordovician Yehli Formation at Dayangcha, Baishan of Jilin, NE China, a revised graptolite zonation is proposed for the Tremadocian rocks in the area. In ascending order, the graptolite zones include theRhabdinopora flabelliformis parabola Zone, theAnisograptus matanensis Zone, thePsigraptus jacksoni Zone and theAorograptus victoriae Zone. The first three zones are discussed with their definitions and durations clarified, whereas the last zone is introduced for the first time as a replacement of the formerAdelograptus-Clonograptus Zone. The entire Yehli Formation is considered to be older than the late Tremadocian Hunneberg Substage of Scandinavia, the latter being represented by the carbonate-dominated basal part of the overlying Liangchiashan Formation where no graptolites have so far been discovered. The Tremadocian succession in the Dayangcha area is regarded as being representative of the North China (Sino-Korea) Palaeoplate, and a correlation of the Tremadocian graptolite sequence with those of other continents is suggested. Nine species belonging toDendrograptus, Aspidograptus, Callograptus andAirograptus of the family Dendroidae, and eight species ofPsigraptus, Adelograptus, Aorograptus andKiaerograptus of the family Anisograptidae are described and some are revised in the present paper. Among the important revisions are the reconstructed proximal development ofPsigraptus jacksoni based on partially three-dimensional specimens from the area, and the complex thecal structures ofAspidograptus.