冬虫夏草寄主蒲氏钩蝠蛾雄成虫触角感受器的观察

蒲氏钩蝠蛾Thitarodes pui(Zhang et al.)是冬虫夏草寄主昆虫之一,其雄成虫触角感受器在求偶交配过程中起主要作用。本研究应用电子扫描显微镜对蒲氏钩蝠蛾雄成虫触角上的化学感受器进行观察。结果发现,雄成虫触角上有7种感受器,即毛形感受器、刺形感受器、锥形感受器、腔锥形感受器、钟形感受器、Bhm氏鬃毛和鳞形感受器,其中以毛形感受器和鳞形感受器数目最多,腔锥感受器又分为长栓形和短栓形两种。综合本研究结果与已知蝠蛾的触角感受器,发现蝠蛾触角感受器在表面结构、感受器类型等方面与其它鳞翅目昆虫存在差异。     

DACTYLOSTERNUM PUI (COLEOPTERA: HYDROPHILIDAE: SPHAERIDIINAE), A NEW SPECIES IN CHINA

Abstract Dactylosternum pui sp. nov. is described from Guangxi, China. It closely related to D. dohrtyi Balfour-Browne but differs from the latter by prosternum very strongly tectiform in middle and sharp carinate medially and with a disti nct anteromedian tooth and different aedeagus. The new species can be separable from D. densepunctatum d'orchymont by tectiform and carinate prosternum and with tooth anteromedially, median femora with dense and short pubescence.     

冬虫夏草寄主蒲氏钩蝠蛾幼虫的毛序

蒲氏钩蝠蛾Thitarodes pui(Zhang et al.)幼虫是冬虫夏草的寄主昆虫,本文首次对其幼虫毛序进行观察。结果表明,蒲氏钩蝠蛾幼虫头壳刚毛数量、相对位置与多数蝠蛾昆虫一致,但比拉脊钩蝠蛾少了2对刚毛;蒲氏钩蝠蛾幼虫前胸节也比拉脊钩蝠蛾少1对微腹毛;第2、第3胸节毛序相似,均缺失前背毛而多了微背毛、微亚背毛;除第9、第10节外,所有腹节的背毛、侧毛、亚背毛排列是一致的,但是在有足腹节中,亚腹毛为3对,其它腹节亚腹毛仅有2对;除第1和第2腹节具2对微腹毛外,其它腹节微腹毛仅1对,这些微腹毛在排列、长度上均存在一定的差异。     

中国牙甲科一新种——蒲氏点纹牙甲Dactylosternum pui sp.nov.（鞘翅目：牙甲科：陆牙甲亚科）

描述采用广西那坡的牙甲科昆虫一新种,蒲氏点纹牙甲Dactylosternum pui sp.nov.正模♂,广西那坡弄化,550m,1998,Ⅷ．15。新种与科氏点纹牙甲Dactylostermum corbetti Balfour=-Browne相似,区别为：新种为红褐色;头、前胸背板和鞘支翅无细网纹;前胸腹板中部呈很强的屋脊状,具隆脊,隆脊前端具一长齿突,新种与道氏点纹牙甲Dactylosternum dohertyi Balfour-Browne的区别为：前胸腹板中部强屋脊状,具隆脊,隆脊前端具一长齿突,雄性外生殖不同,新种与密刻点纹牙甲Dactylosternum denspunctatum d′Orchymont区别为：前胸腹板中部强屋脊状,具隆脊,隆脊前端具一长齿突,中足脚节具密拒水毛,雄性外生殖器不同,模板标本存于中国科学院北京动物研究所。     

一种鉴别蒲氏钩蝠蛾蛹及成虫雌雄的简易方法

为了探寻准确迅速鉴别蒲氏钩蝠蛾性别的方法,采用标记法对其蛹和成虫进行跟踪观察研究。结果表明:雌蛹腹部末端分节不明显,第8腹节腹面中央有一黑色纵裂,与肛裂缝之间的距离显著大于雄蛹,两侧平坦,无突起;雄蛹腹部末端分节较明显,第8腹节无裂缝,第9腹节中央有一黑色纵裂,裂缝较长,两侧各有一半圆形瘤状突起。雌性成虫腹部末端呈圆筒状,雄性成虫腹部末端圆钳状,透过毛丛可见雄性外生殖器的部分结构。这对于了解蒲氏钩蝠蛾的野外性比,观察其生物学特征、种群动态及开展预测预报等十分重要。     

Dactylosternum abdominale (F.) (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae): A predator of the banana weevil

The efficacy of predators of the banana weevil was investigated under laboratory and field cage conditions for the different breeding sites of the pest viz. the growing banana sucker and the spent pseudostem and residual rhizome of the sucker after the harvest of the bunch. The indigenous Dactylosternum abdominale (Hydrophilidae) reduced weevil multiplication in suckers by up to 50% and in residual stumps of harvested suckers by 39%. In spent pseudostems D. abdominale reduced the multiplication by 40–90% at different predator population densities while Thyreocephalus interocularis (Staphylinidae) reduced it by 42%. Other predators were unimportant.     

Characterization of novel β‐1,3‐glucan recognition proteins from a Tibetan Plateau ghost moth Thitarodes pui (Lepidoptera,Hepialidae)

β‐1,3‐glucan recognition proteins (βGRPs) function as pattern recognition receptors in the innate immune response against invading pathogens. In the present study, we obtain full‐length cDNA clones for two novel putative βGRPs: TpβGRPc and TpβGRPd from the ghost moth Thitarodes pui (Lepidoptera: Hepialidae). Phylogenetic analysis shows a small distinct lineage, βGRP clade 4, consisting of T. pui βGRPs including TpβGRPa and TpβGRPb that have been identified previously. TpβGRPc and TpβGRPd, comprising 488 and 229 amino acids, have calculated molecular masses of 52 596 and 24 589 Da, respectively. TpβGRPc is 85.52% identical in sequence to TpβGRPa. TpβGRPb and TpβGRPd share the same deletion start site located at the conserved residue Pro 43, although TpβGRPd exhibits a much larger deletion of up to approximately 270 residues covering both the N‐ and C‐terminal regions. Affinity purification, associated with subsequent peptide sequencing, confirms the constitutive occurrence of TpβGRPa and TpβGRPc of similar size (approximately 65 kDa) in sixth‐instar larval haemolymph. These two βGRPs show clear binding affinities to curdlan, an insoluble β‐1,3‐glucan. A quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction analysis reveals the high‐level constitutive expression of TpβGRPc and TpβGRPd in the fat body of mid‐instar larvae, which are found to be susceptible to fungal pathogens in field investigations. Remarkable induction of both TpβGRPs occurs in response to haemocoelic challenge with entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. The results of the present study suggest that TpβGRPs may contribute to the detection and control of fungal infections.