当归属及近缘小属的核型演化及地理分布研究

本文报道了当归属Angelica及3个近缘小属12种植物的核型,其中10种为首次报道。带岭当归A．dailingensis 2n＝22＝20m+2sm(SAT);丽江当属A．likiangensis 2n＝22＝18m+4sm; 青海当归A．nitida 2n＝22＝14m+4sm+4sm(SAT);林当归A．silvestris 2n＝22＝16m+4sm(SAT)+2st(SAT);紫花前胡A．decursiva 2n=22＝16m+4sm+2sm(SAT);秦岭当归A．tsinlingensis 2n＝22＝18m+4sm; 阿坝当归A．apaensis 2n＝22＝14m+6sm+2st(SAT);隆萼当归A．oncosepala2n＝4x＝44＝28m+12sm+4st,三小叶当归A．ternata 2n=22＝10m+8sm(SAT)+4st(SAT);柳叶芹Czernaevialaevigata 2n=22＝14m+6sm+2sm(SAT);短茎古当归Archangelica brevicaulis 2n＝22＝8m+2m(SAT)+4sm+4sm(SAT)+4st;高山芹Coelopleurum saxatile 2n＝28＝12m+6sm+10st。除带岭当归核型为1A型和高山芹为2B型外,其余种类均为2A型。根据染色体长度比和平均臂比绘制了本次和我们过去已报道的当归属及近缘属23种植物的核型散点图。据核型类型和近端着丝点的有无,把当归属20个种的核型分3组。并结合外部形态、花粉类型和地理分布,探讨了各近缘属的系统演化关系。     

Systematic Studies in Czernaevia Turcz. (Umbelliferae)

Czernaevia Turcz. is a monotypic genus in the Umbelliferae, tribe Peucedaneae, with the only species Cz. laevigata Turcz. occurring in northern East Asia. Although the species has often been included in Angelica L., and sometimes even in Ostericum Hoffm., the present study indicates that it is distinct not only in having dimorphic petals, but also in its fruit structure, pollen morphology and phytochemical components. The fruit has numerous, compressed vittae, the pollen grains are not constricted at the equatorial region with a small P/E ratio (1.7-2.1), and neither coumarins nor flavonoids have been found to be present at significant level in the species. It is taxonomically probably rather isolated and the monotypic genus Czernaevia is tenable.