金线鲃属鱼类一新种(鲤形目:鲤科)

作者于1986年6月在贵州盘县一溶洞的水体中采到金线鲃属鱼类一新种,命名为角金线鲃,新种Sinocyclocheilus angularis sp. nov.。本新种形状怪异,头背缘末端具一朝前的角状突,其内有顶骨突;眼正常;侧线鳞明显;鳔后室发达等特征而易与金线鲃属其他种相区别。     

中国鲴亚科鱼类同工酶和骨骼特征及系统演化的探讨：鲤形目：鲤科

本文对鲴亚科Xenocyprinae共4属6种鱼和鲢亚科Hypophthal michthyinae的鲢、鳙Aristichihys nobilis进行了骨骼系统的研究,并对鲴亚科的6种鱼同工酶谱型,进行了分析比较。鲢亚科虽然具有鲴亚科的共同祖征和全部离征,但因其有较多的特化性状,仍将其列为和鲴亚科并列的一个亚科。应用分支系统学原理推导出鲴亚科的系统发育图。鲴亚科6种鱼的肝、肾、心、眼的晶状体、鳍、脑,肌肉等7种组织5种同工酶(LDH,MDH,ES,ADH,G6PDH)的电泳分析表明,生化分类和经典分类结果完全一致。     

Genetic variation and divergence of the sibling pair of cyprinid fishes, Notropis cornutus and N. chrysocephalus

Horizontal starch gel electrophoresis was used to estimate the amount of genetic divergence between Notropis cornutus and N. chrysocephalus. Measures of genetic identity (1) and distance (D) were 0.881 and 0.127 ± 0.055 (s.e.), respectively. These estimates correspond more closely to the sibling species status of these taxa than other previously reported estimates. Notropis cornutus was found to be significantly more variable than N. chrysocephalus electrophoretically and morphologically. Assuming the existence of an electrophoretic clock, the time of divergence was calculated to be roughly 1.9–2.5 million years. This estimate corresponds very closely to a previously hypothesized late Pliocene divergence.     

四川省高原鳅属鱼类一新种（鲤形目：鳅科）

本文记述产于凉山西溪河的高原鳅属Ｔｒｉｐｌｏｐｈｙｓａ鱼类一新种,西溪高原鳅ＴｒｉｐｌｏＰｈｙｓａｘｉｑｉｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,描述了其形态和生态特征,并与近似种进行了比较。     

副原吸鳅属鱼类一新种(鲤形目:平鳍鳅科)

本文记述采自广西巴马的平鳍鳅科鱼类一新种,即巴马副原吸鳅Paraprotomyzonbamaensissp．nov。对新种的形态特征进行了描述,并与近似种进行了比较。     

鳅鮀鱼类鳔囊结构及系统发育研究(鲤形目:鲤科)

本文应用分支系统学原理对鳅(鱼它)鱼类的鳔囊、鳔及相关结构进行了特征分圻,并以(鱼句)亚科作为外类群。解剖结果表明,鳅(鱼它)鱼类的鳔分四种类型;分析结果进一步证实鳅(鱼它)鱼类是一个单源群,作为一亚科可分为异鳔鳅(鱼它)属和鳅(鱼它)属,后者又分为原鳅(鱼它)和鳅(鱼它)二个亚属。     

中国广西壮族自治区珠江流域鳅属一新种

记述采自中国广西壮族自治区邕江和郁江鳅属Cobitis 1新种,南方鳅Cobitis australis sp.nov..通过扩增其线粒体细胞色素b基因,与已知鳅属和益秀朝鲜鳅属Iksookimia 物种进行遗传距离比较,并构建系统发育树,结合形态分析,确认其为1新种.南方鳅与本属其它种类的区别主要为:噶氏斑纹分界不明显(Gambetta's pigmentation pattern),斑纹具两性异形.雄性背部斑纹不规则,约17 ～ 20个,背鳍后斑纹融合为马鞍形;雌性背部斑纹约13个,背鳍前斑纹在体侧延伸为三角形.体侧中线11 ～13个不规则的“V”形或倒三角形斑纹,雄性头后4～5个小斑纹,雌性1～2个小斑纹.背部和体侧中线之间为形状和大小不规则的斑纹,雄性多于20个,该处斑纹与背部和体侧中线斑纹有融合;雌性少于20个,无融合.背鳍和尾鳍各具有4～5列点状条纹;雄性胸鳍第1根分枝鳍条基部的骨质突起(lamina circularis)指状,第1根分支鳍条延长,胸鳍似旗状;体鳞较大,延长,卵圆形,鳞焦略大,基位;颏叶不发达,末端钝圆;须短,其长等于或略小于眼径.新种体色斑纹与益秀朝鲜鳅属种类相似,新种与益秀朝鲜鳅Iksookimia koreensis(Kim,1975)和斑纹益秀朝鲜鳅Iksookimia pumila(Kim et Lee,1987)的主要区别是,前者背鳍和尾鳍各具4～5条斑纹,背部斑纹和体侧中线斑纹不相连,体侧中线11 ～13个宽而短的倒三角形斑纹;益秀朝鲜鳅背鳍和尾鳍各具有3～4列条纹,体侧中线下13～ 14个窄而长的倒三角形斑纹;斑纹益秀朝鲜鳅背鳍和尾鳍各具有2～3列条纹,背部斑纹和体侧中线斑纹相连,两列斑纹之间斑块少于10个,体侧中线9 ～10个宽而长的条状或倒三角形斑纹.新种与盈德益秀朝鲜鳅Iksookimia yongdokensis Kim et Park,1997、休氏益秀朝鲜鳅Iksookimia hugowolfeldi Nalbant,1993和长身益秀朝鲜鳅Iksookimia longicorpus(Kim,Choi and Nalbant,1976)的主要区别是,前者骨质突起指状,后者骨质突起圆盘状.     

细尾高原鳅和东方高原鳅不同组织器官黑色素的分布和比较

采用组织学方法比较研究细尾高原鳅和东方高原鳅组织器官的黑色素分布特征。结果显示: 两种高原鳅头部皮肤、背部皮肤、体侧皮肤、腹膜肾脏层、脊髓腔壁层、腹膜壁层、围心腔壁层、脑颅腔壁层和眼睛均分布有黑色素;腹部皮肤、肝脏浆膜、脾脏被膜和性腺被膜未发现黑色素。皮肤中黑色素分布在真皮层和皮下组织,其他组织器官中黑色素分布在内膜层或壁层。黑色素主要分布在背侧,体侧则分布稀疏,呈现对称分布。背部和体侧皮肤有斑块处较无斑块处黑色素数量多,分布密集;无斑块处仅是部分聚集,或形成间断分布的黑色素块。同一种高原鳅不同组织器官黑色素分布不同,分布面积百分比和黑色素层厚度有显著性差异,但两种高原鳅同一组织器官黑色素分布特征相似。两种高原鳅组织器官中黑色素的分布与其接受的紫外辐射强度有关,是对高原强紫外辐射环境的适应。     

近金线属的分类地位及金线属的鉴别特征(鲤形目:鲤科:亚科)

本文根据系统学原理,提出了建立新类元的依据;并据此从分类和系统发育上论证了近金线属ＡｎｃｈｉｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓＬｉｅｔＬａｎ独立成属的可能性,认为应将近金线属归于金线属;修订了金线属ＳｉｎｏｃｙｃｌｏｃｈｅｉｌｕｓＦａｎｇ的鉴别特征。     

Bibarba bibarba: A new genus and species of Cobitinae (Pisces: Cypriniformes: Cobitidae) from Guangxi Province (China)

A new genus of Cobitinae, Bibarba gen. n., and a new species, B. bibarba sp. n., were discovered and are described for the Chengjiang River, a tributary of the Hongshuihe River in Guangxi Province of southern China. This river region is characterized by a Karst landscape, and the river that is inhabited by the new genus is a slowly moving stream with arenaceous and cobblestone beds. The new genus resembles Cobitis Linnaeus, 1758 (subfamily Cobitinae) in the shape and pigmentation pattern of their body, the absence of scales on their head, and the presence of a suborbital spine, but differs from it by a single Lamina circularis on the third pectoral fin ray instead of on the base of the second pectoral fin ray; two pairs of barbels (one rostral pair and one maxillo-mandibular pair) instead of three pairs of barbels (one rostral pair, one maxillary pair, and one maxillo-mandibular pair); a relatively thick and short suborbital spine with a strong medio-lateral process instead of a suborbital spine without or with a weakly formed medio-lateral process as in Cobitis; and the lack of a black stripe extending from the occiput through the eye to the insertion of the rostral barbel. The first two characters have not been reported in any other genus of the subfamily Cobitinae. A morphometric character analysis based on PCA reveals differences between B. bibarba and C. sinensis in body size, barbel length, interorbital width, pectoral fin length in males, and the position of the dorsal and ventral fins. Type specimens of the new species are kept in the Freshwater Fishes Museum of the Institute of Hydrobiology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Wuhan, Hubei Province.