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Bulbs, corms and other subterranean storage organs are commonly used as explant source material for the establishment of
geophytes in vitro. The inflorescence stalk was found to be a good alternative source of explants to overcome explant contamination
originating from underground storage organs. Inflorescence explants of Allium, Dichelostemma, Eucrosia, Gladiolus, Haemanthus, Hyacinthus, Narcissus, Nerine and Ornithogalum were used to establish cultures in vitro. The regeneration potential of the inflorescence was compared with regeneration
from bulb twin scales or from apical buds isolated from corms. Gladiolus (Iridaceae) explants isolated from the floral stem just below the expanding florets, still enclosed in the bracts, were highly
regenerative in the presence of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and kinetin. In the presence of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
and benzyl aminopurine (BA) in the medium, explants isolated from the tissue at the junction between the peduncle and the
pedicels of a young Nerine (Amaryllidaceae) inflorescence regenerated several buds. The scapes of young unemerged inflorescences taken from sprouting
bulbs of Narcissus (Amaryllidaceae), following a 15 °C storage treatment, regenerated buds in the presence of NAA, BA, elevated phosphate and
adenine sulfate in the medium. The number of buds regenerated depended on the location on the scape from which the explant
was isolated, and on the duration of the 15°C treatment. In Allium (Alliaceae), capitulum tissue between the flower pedicels regenerated buds. Explants excised from the peduncle, as well as
the pedicel-peduncle junction of Dichelostemma (Alliaceae), Ornithogalum, Hyacinthus (Hyacinthaceae) and Eucrosia (Amaryllidaceae) regenerated several buds in each type of explant. In the case of Haemanthus (Amaryllidaceae), pedicel-peduncle junction explants regenerated buds only when excised from inner whorl florets. Propagation
protocols and the potential use of expediently isolated inflorescence explants for efficient micropropagation of geophytes
are discussed.
Received: 1 September 1999 / Revision received: 13 December 1999 / Accepted: 13 December 1999 相似文献
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The genus Watsonia, belonging to the family Iridaceae, is comprised of about 50 species including W. laccata (Jacquin) Ker Gawler that flowers from September to November following low temperature and winter rainfall. Therefore, we hypothesized that flowering would be favored by forcing at low greenhouse temperatures. Using clonal W. laccata corms, four experiments were designed to investigate the effect of temperatures during corm storage, forcing, and their interaction on growth and flowering. Corm formation is favored by growing plants at 18°–20°/15°–17 °C and 21°–23°/18°–20 °C, day/night temperatures. Flowering was earliest with corms produced at 24°–26°/18°–20 °C and forced at 18°–20/15°–17 °C, and was significantly delayed when forced at 27°–29°/24°–26 °C. Flowering was, however, favored by 2 or 4 weeks of high temperatures (27°–29°/24°–26 °C) prior to forcing at low temperatures (18°–20°/15°–17 °C). The number of florets was not significantly affected by corm storage, forcing temperatures, or their interaction, although forcing at high temperatures tends to reduce the floret number. Burn symptom at the tips of leaves was frequently observed, and further studies are required to understand the cause of the tip burn and how to correct the symptom. 相似文献
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MOSHE NEGBI F.L.S. 《Botanical journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1989,100(1):15-43
NEGBI, M., 1989. Theophrastus on geophytes . The nature of the geophilous organs of the geophytes described by Theophrastus (371-287 B.C.) in Historia Planiarum and De Causis Planlarum is presented and discussed. Most of the geophytes and the hydrogeophytes mentioned in these books (excluding species of Allium , biennial vegetables, and a few others) are critically reviewed. Certain lost agricultural practices mentioned by Theophrastus are strengthened and made explicable by comparisons from Pliny's Natural History , and Hebrew literature of the first centuries A.D.: Mishnah and Talmud. Theophrastus's interest in plants is shown to be of a pure nature although most of his examples are cultivated or otherwise useful plants. The possible sources of his knowledge of Egyptian plants are discussed. 相似文献
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