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1.
A variety of fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled lectins specific for different sugar moieties were examined as probes for the wound-healing response in the filamentous red alga Antithamnion sparsum Tokida. Among them, only concanavalin A (ConA) and Lens culrinaris agglutinin (LCA), which have specificity to α-D-mannosyl residues, bound specifically to repair cells during the wound-healing process. When ConA or LCA was added at various time intervals after wounding, it first bound (3 h post-wounding) as a thin layer at the tips of the adjacent cells. Later (4–5 h post-wounding) labeling also appeared at the tips of the repair cells. Intense labeling at these sites continued throughout the healing process until repair cell fusion, at which time the lectin labeling was reduced to a narrow ring around the area of fusion. When added to plants prior to wounding and continually monitored, these same lectins acted as inhibitors to the wound-healing response. Other control lectins showed no inhibitory effects. A crude extract solution obtained from decapitated filaments stimulated the wound-healing response, and a lectin-binding component bound strongly to a protein-binding transfer membrane. These results suggest that the labeled compound is a glycoprotein that has α-D-mannosyl residues and is similar to the repair hormone rhodomorphin found in Griffithsia pacifica Kylin. 相似文献
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3.
E. Köttgen W. Reutter W. Gerok 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》1976,72(1):61-66
Depending on the developmental stage, the gamma-glutamyltransferase (E.C. 2.3.2.2) exists in two different types in the liver and in the small intestine: a sialic acid-rich fetal type and a sialic acid-poor adult type. The fetal type could be detected in the undifferentiated cryptal cells, in the fetal small intestine and in the fetal liver, and the adult type in the differentiated villous cells and in the adult liver. The separation of both types was performed using ConA-sepharose, which does not bind the fetal type but the adult type. Binding was reached by neuraminidase treatment. 相似文献
4.
O-mannosylation is a vital protein modification. In humans, defective O-mannosylation of α-dystroglycan results in severe congenital muscular dystrophies. However, other proteins bearing this modification in vivo are still largely unknown. Here, we describe a highly reliable method combining glycosidase treatment with LC–MS analyses to identify mammalian O-mannosylated proteins from tissue sources. Our workflow identified T-cadherin (H-cadherin, CDH13) as a novel O-mannosylated protein. In contrast to known O-mannosylated proteins, single mannose residues (Man-α-Ser/Thr) are attached to this cell adhesion molecule. Conserved O-glycosylation sites in T-, E- and N-cadherins from different species, point to a general role of O-mannosyl glycans for cadherin function. 相似文献
5.
Pederzoli A Gambarelli A Gabbay S Rozman A Katz U 《Biology of the cell / under the auspices of the European Cell Biology Organization》2002,94(3):187-196
Morphological, cytological and transport properties of the integument of Salamandra salamandra were investigated during natural ontogenetic development, from birth to adult. Three stages were operationally defined: I, larvae, from birth to metamorphosis; II, metamorphosis (judged externally by the colour change and loss of the gills); and III, post-metamorphosis to adult. Pieces of skin were fixed at various stages for immunocytochemical examinations, and the electrical properties were investigated on parallel pieces. Distinct cellular changes take place in the skin during metamorphosis, and lectin (PNA, WGA and ConA) binding indicates profound changes in glycoprotein composition of cell membranes, following metamorphosis. Band 3 and carbonic anhydrase I (CA I) were confined to mitochondria-rich (MR)-like cells, and were detected only in the larval stage. CA II on the other hand, was detected both in MR-like and in MR cells following metamorphosis. The electrical studies show that the skin becomes more tight (transepithelial resistance increases) upon metamorphosis, followed by manifestation of amiloride-sensitive short-circuit current (I(SC)) indicating that functional Na+ uptake has been acquired. The skin of metamorphosed adults had no finite transepithelial Cl- conductance, and band 3 was not detected in its MR cells. The functional properties of MR-like and MR cells remain to be established. 相似文献
6.
The activities of three N-acetylglucosaminyltransferases ( GnT III, GnT IV and GnT V ) were determined in 10 samples of pancreatic carcinoma (PCa) and compared with those in 9 samples of normal pancreatic tissue (NP). It was found that the specific activities of GnT III , GnT IV and GnT V increased in all of the PCa samples. GnT III increased most significantly, up to 22.3 fold of normal, GnT IV was elevated 12.3 fold, while GnT V increased only 2.4 fold. The elevation of GnTs in pancreatic carcinoma was consistent with the increase in the number of antenna and bisecting GlcNAc structures in N-glycans of pancreatic ribonuclease (RNase) as assessed by Con A affinity chromatography. Polycytidylate specific RNase from the serum of PCa patients showed the same structural changes as that found in in N-glycans of the RNase from PCa tissue. 相似文献
7.
Kyung-Ha Ryu So-Yeon Kim Ye-Ryung Kim So-Youn Woo Sun Hee Sung Han Su Kim Sung-Chul Jung Inho Jo Joo-Won Park 《Experimental cell research》2014
Acute liver failure, the fatal deterioration of liver function, is the most common indication for emergency liver transplantation, and drug-induced liver injury and viral hepatitis are frequent in young adults. Stem cell therapy has come into the limelight as a potential therapeutic approach for various diseases, including liver failure and cirrhosis. In this study, we investigated therapeutic effects of tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells (T-MSCs) in concanavalin A (ConA)- and acetaminophen-induced acute liver injury. ConA-induced hepatitis resembles viral and immune-mediated hepatic injury, and acetaminophen overdose is the most frequent cause of acute liver failure in the United States and Europe. Intravenous administration of T-MSCs significantly reduced ConA-induced hepatic toxicity, but not acetaminophen-induced liver injury, affirming the immunoregulatory capacity of T-MSCs. T-MSCs were successfully recruited to damaged liver and suppressed inflammatory cytokine secretion. T-MSCs expressed high levels of galectin-1 and -3, and galectin-1 knockdown which partially diminished interleukin-2 and tumor necrosis factor α secretion from cultured T-cells. Galectin-1 knockdown in T-MSCs also reversed the protective effect of T-MSCs on ConA-induced hepatitis. These results suggest that galectin-1 plays an important role in immunoregulation of T-MSCs, which contributes to their protective effect in immune-mediated hepatitis. Further, suppression of T-cell activation by frozen and thawed T-MSCs implies great potential of T-MSC banking for clinical utilization in immune-mediated disease. 相似文献
8.
Rakesh Mohan Kestwal Emadeldin Hassan E. Konozy Chwan-Deng Hsiao Maria Cristina Roque-Barreira Shobhana V. Bhide 《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects》2007
α-mannosidase from Erythrina indica seeds is a Zn2+ dependent glycoprotein with 8.6% carbohydrate. The enzyme has a temperature optimum of 50 °C and energy of activation calculated from Arrhenius plot was found to be 23 kJ mol− 1. N-terminal sequence up to five amino acid residues was found to be DTQEN (Asp, Thr, Gln, Glu, and Asn). In chemical modification studies treatment of the enzyme with NBS led to total loss of enzyme activity and modification of a single tryptophan residue led to inactivation. Fluorescence studies over a pH range of 3–8 have shown tryptophan residue to be in highly hydrophobic environment and pH change did not bring about any appreciable change in its environment. Far-UV CD spectrum indicated predominance of α-helical structure in the enzyme. α-Mannosidase from E indica exhibits immunological identity with α-mannosidase from Canavalia ensiformis but not with the same enzyme from Glycine max and Cicer arietinum. Incubation of E. indica seed lectin with α-mannosidase resulted in 35% increase in its activity, while no such activation was observed for acid phosphatase from E. indica. Lectin induced activation of α-mannosidase could be completely abolished in presence of lactose, a sugar specific for lectin. 相似文献
9.
The maturation of Borna disease virus (BDV) glycoprotein GP was studied in regard to intracellular compartmentalization, compartmentalization signal-domains, proteolytic processing, and packaging into virus particles. Our data show that BDV-GP is (i) predominantly located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), (ii) partially exists in the ER already as cleaved subunits GP-N and GP-C, (iii) is directed to the ER/cis-Golgi region by its transmembrane and/or cytoplasmic domains in CD8-BDV-GP hybrid constructs and (iv) is incorporated in the virus particles as authentic BDV glycoprotein exclusively in the cleaved form decorated with N-glycans of the complex type. Downregulation of BDV-glycoproteins on the cell surface, their limited proteolytic processing, and protection of antigenic epitopes on the viral glycoproteins by host-identical N-glycans are different strategies for persistent virus infections. 相似文献
10.
Arabidopsis thaliana glutamate receptor ion channel function demonstrated by ion pore transplantation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) are ligand-gated cation channels that mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission in the mammalian central nervous system. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, a large family of 20 genes encoding proteins that share similarities with animal iGluRs in sequence and predicted secondary structure has been discovered. Members of this family, termed AtGLRs (A. thaliana glutamate receptors), have been implicated in root development, ion transport, and several metabolic and signalling pathways. However, there is still no direct proof of ligand-gated ion channel function of any AtGLR subunit. We used a domain transplantation technique to directly test whether the putative ion pore domains of AtGLRs can conduct ions. To this end, we transplanted the ion pore domains of 17 AtGLR subunits into rat α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (GluR1) and kainate (GluR6) receptor subunits and tested the resulting chimaeras for ion channel function in the Xenopus oocyte expression system. We show that AtGLR1.1 and AtGLR1.4 have functional Na+-, K+-, and Ca2+-permeable ion pore domains. The properties of currents through the AtGLR1.1 ion pore match those of glutamate-activated currents, depolarisations, and glutamate-triggered Ca2+ influxes observed in plant cells. We conclude that some AtGLRs have functional non-selective cation pores. 相似文献