莼菜根不同发育区细胞中高尔基体的发育与结构变化

在莼菜根分生区细胞中,部分粗糙内质网片断转化成单个潴泡,游离于细胞基质中的单个潴泡相互叠加后形成具6—8个潴泡组成的高尔基体。高尔基体在伸长区进入分泌高峰期,由于其成熟面的潴泡溢出大量分泌泡后消失或潴泡游离出去,使高尔基体潴泡数目减少,部分高尔基体形成面有内质网溢出的小泡互相融合后形成新的潴泡补充,另一些高尔基体由于得不到潴泡补充而逐渐消失;这可能是成熟区细胞内高尔基体数目减少的重要原因之一。     

Simultaneous Measurement of Extracellular Morphine and Serotonin in Brain Tissue and CSF by Microdialysis in Awake Rats

In this report, we describe an HPLC with electrochemical detection assay for the simultaneous measurement of levels of morphine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid, and homovanillic acid in dialysates of various brain areas and CSF in the awake rat. Morphine could be detected in the dialysates after a single intraperitoneal injection, with doses as low as 1.0 mg/kg. The time course of extracellular morphine content in the lateral hypothalamus, striatum, cerebellum, periaqueductal gray, and dorsal horn of the spinal cord and in CSF, from the ventricles and cisterna magna, was similar. We detected morphine in the first 15-min sample, and levels peaked 45-60 min after injection. Maximal dialysate levels, however, varied with the type of dialysis probe used and the area sampled. The most efficient in vivo recovery was in CSF dialysates from the cisterna magna, presumably because of minimal tissue interference with the dialysis probe. For this reason, the cisterna is an ideal region for sampling CSF. Morphine had no significant effect on the extracellular concentrations of serotonin in any of the areas studied and did not modify or only slightly increased levels of tissue metabolites; however, morphine markedly increased the CSF levels of 5-hydroxyindole-3-acetic acid and homovanillic acid. Because microdialysis in freely moving animals permits assessment of the behavioral effects of morphine while continuously monitoring the drug levels in discrete brain regions, this approach will greatly facilitate future studies of the neurochemical basis of morphine's effects in the brain.     

家兔经皮枕大池穿刺方法及常见问题

目的探讨提高经皮穿刺兔枕大池成功率的方法及常见问题的处理。方法采用2 mL无菌注射器针头对30只2～2.5 kg新西兰兔行枕大池穿刺,确定穿刺的最佳深度、角度,解决常见问题。结果 25只家兔穿刺成功,其穿刺深度在1.2～1.6 cm之间,平均1.432 cm,5只失败。结论兔枕大池穿刺不要局限于固定深度、角度,应根据动物大小,体位适时作出调整;另外合适的穿刺针可以提高穿刺成功率。     

The clinical efficacy study of treatment to Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia under the minimally invasive surgery of resection of Submeningeal cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation and reconstruction of Cisterna magna

PurposeDiscuss the clinical efficacy of treatment to Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia under the minimally invasive surgery of resection of Submeningeal Cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation and reconstruction of Cisterna magna.Methods130 Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia patients, divided into treatment group, literature group and control group, were collected to be treated under the monitoring of ultrasound in the surgery.Results6 months after operation, the lesions were decreased or disappeared, the symptoms were relieved obviously. According to MRI and Mimics 17.0 software, the volumes of Cisterna magna increased distinctly (P < 0.001), the proportions of brain in foramen magnum region were decreased (P < 0.001). Assessed by CCOS scale and Tator methods, the improvement rates of treatment group were 97.7% and 94.6%, the literature group and control group were 82.2% and 77.8%, respectively.ConclusionThe efficacy of Chiari malformation type I with syringomyelia under the minimally invasive surgery of resection of Submeningeal Cerebellar Tonsillar Herniation and reconstruction of Cisterna magna is remarkable, and the complications are fewer. This surgery emphasizes recovery of tonsil of cerebellum and reconstruction of Cisterna magna and the circulation path of cerebrospinal fluid, which is a safe and efficient treatment.