短胖孢属、菌绒孢属和假尾孢属的几个新组合

本文报道5个新组合：金银忍冬短胖孢(Cercosporidium diervilae (Ell. Et Ev) Baiet Cheng,comb．Nov．);紫穗槐菌绒孢(Mvcovelloslclla passaloroidzs(Winte r)Bai et Chengcomb．Nov．);朝鲜槐假尾孢(Pseudocercospora cladrastidis(Jacz.) Bai et Cheng·comb. Nov);白头翁假尾孢(pscudoccrco spora]ilitormis(D;vi s)Bai et Chengt comb·nOV·)荚燕假尾孢(Pseudocercospora varia(Peck)Bai et Cheng。Comb．nOV·)这5个新组合是从Cercospora属转来修正的。     

大豆灰斑病菌DNA指纹图谱初步分析

大豆灰斑病菌具有明显的生理分化现象,鉴定病菌生理小种对于培育和推广抗病品种具有重要意义。从大豆灰斑病菌一毒力较强菌株的DNA基因组文库中筛选出2个含重复顺序的克隆,并用其对16个菌株的基因组DNA进行了Southern分析,获得了基因组特异的指纹图谱,对指纹图谱和毒力间的关系进行了初步比较。     

中国热带地区的半知菌Ⅰ.云南尾孢菌属及其近似属的种(英文)

本文报道云南热带地区尾孢菌属及其近似属真菌４５种,其中有一个新种：番木瓜短胖孢（ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒｉｄｉｕｍｐａｐａｙａｅＹ．Ｌ．Ｇｕｏ,ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,寄生在番木瓜科（Ｃａｒｉｃａｃｅａｅ）番木瓜（ＣａｒｉｃａｐａｐａｙａＬ．）叶上。短胖孢属真菌在番木瓜科植物上是首次报道。文中为新种提供了拉丁文简介、描述并附图。模式标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室（ＨＭＡＳ）。寄生在番木瓜（ＣａｒｉｃａｐａｐａｙａＬ．）上的ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａｍａｍａｏｎｉｓＶｉｅｇａｓ＆Ｃｈｕｐｐ与本种近似,二者都具有子座,分生孢子梗紧密簇生,但前者分生孢子梗（５～２５×２～３μｍ）和分生孢子（１０～４５×２～３μｍ）均短而窄。番木瓜尾孢（ＣｅｒｃｏｓｐｏｒａｐａｐａｙａｅＨａｎｓｆ．）与本种的区别在于无子座,分生孢子梗色泽深（中度褐色）,分生孢子梗长（５０～２００×３．５～６μｍ）,分生孢子无色,针形,窄（２０～７５×３～５μｍ）。     

中国短胖孢菌

短胖孢菌属(Cercasporidium)是半知菌类中暗丛梗孢菌类的一个小属,仅有30多个种,都是植物的寄生菌。本文报告我国短胖孢菌属共18个种,其中9个是新组合,一个是新种——千斤拔短胖孢(Cercosporidium flemingiae Liu et Guo sp.nov)。     

神农架丝孢菌的研究——Ⅳ.尾孢菌属,短胖孢属和色链隔孢属(英文)

作者在前两篇文章里报道了湖北省神农架产的尾孢菌属及其近似属的22个种,本文再报道这一地区的尾孢菌属、短胖孢属及色链隔孢属的4个种,其中1个是新种,即李色链隔孢(Phaeoramularia pruni Guo et Liu,sp.nov.),其模式标本收藏于中国科学院真菌标本室(HMAS)。该新种与寄生于李属(Prunus sp.)植物上的变红尾孢(Cercospora rubrotincta)接近,但后者分生孢子梗窄(2—4.5μm),不分枝,曲膝状折点少(0—1个),分生孢子向顶渐狭,不链生,隔膜多(1—5隔),因此易于区别。     

Environmental factors impact temporal Passalora sequoiae conidia counts from Leyland cypress

Needle blight disease, caused by Passalora sequoiae, results in a progressive loss of leaf tissue on Leyland cypress (×Cupressocyparis leylandii) within container and field tree nurseries, in the landscape and on Christmas tree farms. Fungicide schedules have been developed in response to seasonal symptom progression and conidia dispersion without clarification of the influence of weather conditions on disease. Conidia count data of P. sequoiae were collected approximately weekly from June to December in 2001 in Watkinsville, GA, and in 2002 in Dearing, GA. Peak conidia numbers were trapped in September and October. Daily weather data summaries were obtained from a weather station at each location. Deterministic models were developed individually for summer (1 June to 30 September) and fall (1 October to 21 December) seasons. A three‐day moving average (MA) of average daily temperature (avgT) had a positive quadratic relationship with conidia counts in the summer season. A 10‐day MA of avgT, vapour pressure deficit (VPD) and total solar radiation (SolR) had a positive quadratic, a negative linear and positive linear relationship, respectively, with conidia counts in the fall season. The models show that the seasonal shift to cooler fall temperatures, along with lower VPD and SolR, favour production and dispersal of P. sequoiae conidia.     

大豆灰斑病菌生理小种的RAPD标记*

运用随机扩增多态性DNA（RandomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA,RAPD）技术对发生于中国东北的大豆发斑病菌（Cercosporidiumsojinum）的10个生理小种进行基因组DNA多态性分析。用13个10-核苷酸随机引物共计获得了111个RAPD标记,其中86.5％具有多态性,通过聚类分析确定了供试小种间的亲缘关系。试验证明,RAPD技术分析大豆灰斑病菌遗传变异可提供大量分子标记,综合分析13个随机引物的扩增谱带可将供试菌株清楚分开。RAPD技术是一项操作简单、快速和灵敏的方法,极具对病菌群体遗传分析的潜力。     

TBP的联结因子TAFs的结构与功能

ＴＢＰ的联结因子ＴＡＦｓ的结构与功能潘建伟赵章杏朱睦元（杭州大学生命科学学院,杭州３１００１２）潘伟槐黄承才（绍兴文理学院生化系,绍兴３１２００）ＳｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓａｎｄＦｕｎｃｔｉｏｎｓｏｆＴＢＰ－ａｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄＦａｃｔｏｒｓＴＡＦｓＰＡＮＪ...     

In Vitro selection of groundnut cell lines fromCercosporidium personatum culture filtrates and regeneration of resistant plants through cell culture

Cell suspensions derived from immature leaves of the groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were cultured in the presence and absence ofCercosporidium personatum pathotoxic culture filtrates. Cell viability and reactions of cell lines were determined after exposure to various concentrations (25–100%, v/v) of the filtrates. Cell lines have been selected for resistance to the toxin(s) produced byC. personatum. Selected cell lines were used for plant regeneration on regeneration media containingC. personatum culture filtrates. Plant regeneration frequency was found to be low in long-term cultures, whereas it was high in short-term cultures. The selfed progeny of the plants regenerated from the resistant cell lines showed resistance to the pathogen in the field. Six out of 82 plants exhibited enhanced resistance in the R₂ generation. The culture filtrate stimulated callus proliferation as well as plant regeneration at lower concentrations, a response that could prove to be very useful for obtaining disease resistant plants throughin vitro selection.     

大豆灰斑病菌生理小种的RAPD标记

运用随机扩增多态性DNA（RandomamplifiedpolymorphicDNA,RAPD）技术对发生于中国东北的大豆发斑病菌（Cercosporidiumsojinum）的10个生理小种进行基因组DNA多态性分析。用13个10-核苷酸随机引物共计获得了111个RAPD标记,其中86.5％具有多态性,通过聚类分析确定了供试小种间的亲缘关系。试验证明,RAPD技术分析大豆灰斑病菌遗传变异可提供大量分子标记,综合分析13个随机引物的扩增谱带可将供试菌株清楚分开。RAPD技术是一项操作简单、快速和灵敏的方法,极具对病菌群体遗传分析的潜力。