The expression of cecropin peptide in transgenic tobacco does not confer resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci

Summary We used in vitro growth inhibition assays to demonstrate that synthetic cecropin protein has potent activity against a range of plant pathogenic bacteria. We then prepared transgenic tobacco plants which express cecropin mRNA and protein. We have used Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci infection of these transgenic tobacco as a model system to evaluate whether the plants which express cecropin protein also have increased tolerance to infection. We found no dramatic difference in disease response between plants which are expressing cecropin protein and control plants which were derived from the transformation with a binary vector which did not carry the gene encoding cecropin protein.     

人工会成柞蚕杀菌肽D基因的克隆及在大肠杆菌中的表达

以质粒pWR450为载体,克隆了人工合成的柞蚕杀菌肽D基因(122bp),构建的重组子pWR450-Cec转化大肠杆菌JM103、用限制性内切酶酶切鉴定。产物经SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,结果显示可表达杀菌肽-β-gal融合蛋白。     

Enhanced in vitro growth of murine fibroblast cells and preimplantation embryos cultured in medium supplemented with an amphipathic peptide.

Preliminary studies on the proliferative effects of lytic peptides were carried out using NIH 3T3 murine fibroblast cells and human lymphocytes. Cells were cultured in various concentrations of three different amphipathic peptides (SB-37, Shiva-1, and Vishnu), and enhanced proliferation was determined by uptake of 3H-thymidine with treated cells compared with control cultures. Enhanced proliferation of 3T3 cells was observed in cultures containing 50 microM or less SB-37. The primary study consisted of 263 four-cell- to eight-cell-stage mouse embryos from naturally bred mice and incubated in Whitten's medium containing 0.2, 1, or 10 microM of the amino terminus of an amphipathic cecropin B analog (Vishnu) or in Whitten's medium alone. Embryos were cultured to the hatched blastocyst stage, and effect of treatment was determined by the rate of growth to that stage of development. Statistical analysis revealed that culture in all three levels of Vishnu significantly accelerated in vitro growth of these stages of preimplantation embryos compared with controls. These results indicate that Vishnu promotes increased cleavage rates of embryos in vitro. A growth factor receptor clustering mechanism of action is proposed. This peptide may have some potential as an embryo culture medium additive to enhance in vitro growth rate.     

20E诱导家蚕抗菌肽CecropinB6的上调表达

蜕皮激素(20-hydroxyecdysone, 20E)是调控昆虫发育的重要激素,在昆虫的蜕皮和变态中起关键作用。近年来的研究表明,20E也调控昆虫抗菌肽的表达,揭示昆虫的发育和免疫之间具有重要的联系。家蚕是重要的经济昆虫,家蚕抗菌肽对蜕皮激素(20E)的应答及其调控机制仍有待研究。本文利用20E注射家蚕5龄第3天幼虫,qRT-PCR结果表明20E处理的脂肪体中抗菌肽CecropinB6基因(BmCecB6)的表达上调。通过对抗菌肽BmCecB6上游启动子的截短和双荧光素酶活性分析,结果显示BmCecB6响应20E的调控位点在启动子-448～-170区域,该区域内存在潜在的FoxO、E74A和BR-C等结合位点。本研究表明20E抑制了ILS通路水平,暗示ILS下游的转录因子FoxO被激活。进一步对BmCecB6的启动子进行FoxO结合位点的缺失突变,双荧光素酶检测结果表明20E对BmCecB6的诱导活性并没有丧失,推测BmCecB6对20E的应答不是通过转录因子FoxO结合BmCecB6启动子中的顺式调控元件直接调控的。20E激活BmCecB6表达的分子调控机制还需要进一步深入研究。     

抗菌肽Cecropin及其在转基因植物抗菌中的应用

Cecropin抗菌肽,又名天蚕素,是一类具有抗菌能力的小分子多肽,热稳定性好,抗菌谱广,在各个应用领域已经得到广泛的研究。本文就Cecropin抗菌肽结构与功能的关系、作用机制和其在转基因植物抗菌领域中的应用进行综述,转基因植物表达Cecropin抗菌肽具有应用优势和实用价值,Cecropin抗菌肽分子结构与作用机制探索的深入能进一步促进转基因植物抗菌研究的发展。     

家蚕抗菌肽在毕赤酵母中的表达

目的：用毕赤酵母真核系统表达有抑菌活性的家蚕抗菌肽(cecropin-XJ)。将pGEX-4T-1-cecropin-XJ上的抗菌肽基因cecropin—XJ克隆至穿梭质粒pSuperY上,用Bln Ⅰ酶切使之线性化后,采用电击法转化酵母SMD1168,转化子用小瓶发酵,经SDS—PAGE检测,表达产物可以在α信号因子的引导下,分泌到培养基中,且表达产物具有明显抑菌活性。     

Induction of antibacterial protein synthesis by soluble peptidoglycan in isolated fat body from larvae of the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Synthesis and secretion of bactericidal protein (cecropin) and lysozyme were induced by soluble peptidoglycan fragments (SPG) from Escherichia coli in a culture of fat body from Bombyx mori larvae. The rate of the secretion by fat body increased as a function of SPG concentration added to the culture medium. The induction of bactericidal activity was specific for peptidoglycan of a particular structure. Thus, SPG from Micrococcus luteus was 500-times less potent than E. coli SPG, and various glucans and peptides structurally related to peptidoglycan were all ineffective as elicitor. These results support the hypothesis that bacteria invading the haemocoel have to be partially degraded to generate peptidoglycan fragments as a signal molecule, which subsequently acts on a receptor on fat body cells and induces antibacterial protein synthesis.     

天蚕素AD在毕赤酵母中的多拷贝整合表达及表达条件优化

【背景】天蚕素抗菌肽是目前研究最清楚、效果最显著的抗菌肽,实现工业化生产为其在农业、养殖业中的应用奠定了基础。【目的】获得一株高效生产天蚕素AD的基因工程菌株。【方法】构建重组载体pGAPZαA-CAD通过电击转化至PichiapastorisX33中,表达天蚕素AD基因并获得X33/GCAD菌株;构建重组载体pUCGAP-CAD导入至X33/GCAD菌株中。pGAPZαA-CAD是以博来霉素为抗性筛选标签被整合到P. pastoris X33的GAPDH启动子区域,pUCGAP-CAD是以遗传霉素为抗性筛选标签被整合到P. pastoris X33的非翻译rDNA区域,最终获得一株高效表达天蚕素AD的酵母菌株X33/GUCAD。【结果】通过质谱分析鉴定X33/GUCAD表达的抑菌物质为天蚕素AD,通过发酵条件的优化,表明X33/GUCAD菌株在以甘油为碳源和以蛋白胨、酵母提取物为有机氮源的情况下具有较强表达天蚕素AD的能力。【结论】较高的拷贝数更有利于提高天蚕素AD的产量,此工程菌株在后期发酵过程中稳定性较好,适于工业化生产。