Regulation of Avena Fatua Seed Germination by Smoke Solutions, Gibberellin A3 and Ethylene

Dormant, intact Avena fatua L. (wild oat) seeds germinate poorly at 20 °C. Removing the hulls slightly increased germination. Treatment with smoke solutions increased the germination of both intact seeds and caryopses. Exogenous GA₃, alone or in the presence of smoke solution, increased the germination of caryopses, while ACC shows a tendency to increase germination of caryopses only when applied in combination with smoke solution. Results suggest that GA₃ and ethylene, but not smoke solutions, are involved in the regulation of α-amylase activity during germination. However, the participation of smoke solutions in the control of ACC oxidase activity cannot be excluded.     

以色列二穗短柄草(Brochypodium distachyon)种子的休眠与萌发特性

对以色列3个群体的二穗短柄草(Brochypodium distachyon)种子的休眠与萌发进行了研究.结果表明:以色列二穗短柄草种子都具有休眠的习性,且不属于外源休眠(种壳休眠)类型;储藏温度和时间等因素对不同群体的二穗短柄草种子的休眠和萌发有着极显著的影响,高温(40℃)储藏可以加快种子后熟,打破种子的休眠;3个群体的二穗短柄草种子休眠深度不同,依次是:Sede Boqer>Yatk>Mt.carmel;且休眠深度与群体生长地年平均降雨量呈负相关关系.二穗短柄草的这些休眠和萌发特性可能是其长期与环境相互作用,在自然选择压力下进化形成的存活机制.