Novel terpenoids from Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana

Calocetriol ( 1 ), diacetylcalocediol ( 2 ), and ferrugimenthenol ( 3 ) were isolated from the bark of Calocedrus macrolepis var. formosana. Among them, 1 and 2 are secoabietane‐type diterpenoids, and 3 , with a novel C₂₀ C₁₀ skeleton, is classified as a meroterpenoid. The structures of 1 – 3 were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses, and their biological activities were also evaluated. Compound 3 exhibited significant cytotoxic activity against human oral epidermoid carcinoma KB cells with an IC₅₀ value of 9.0±0.1 μM .     

侧柏亚科三种植物的核型及其细胞分类学研究

分析了北美乔柏、北美香柏和西方翠柏的核型,它们的核型公式分别为Ｋ（２ｎ）＝２２＝１６ｍ＝１６ｓｍ（２ＳＡＴ）,２０ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｍ和２０ｍ（２ＳＡＴ）＋２ｓｍ。北美乔柏的核型为首次报道。经对侧伯亚科１０个属（２２种）的核型的比较分析,似见南半球５属和侧柏属及Ｔｅｔｒａｃｌｉｎｉｓ最为原始,罗汉柏属和崖柏属最进化,翠柏属居中。本文还讨论了翠柏属、侧柏属及南半球属的分类位置。     

Flora Palinologica Italiana,Sezione Aeropalinologica — Specie esotiche-S 233:Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin (Cupressaceae)

Riassunto Viene proposta la scheda morfopalinologica diCalocedrus decurrens (Torr.) Florin come ulteriore contributo ad un più ampio studio sui pollini di Pinophyta ornamentali. Sono stati esaminati granuli freschi ed acetolizzati provenienti da tre stazioni e non sono state rilevate significative differenze morfometriche nei campioni di diversa provenienza.     

Hinokitiol Production in a Suspension Culture of Calocedrus formosana Florin

A suspension culture of Calocedrus formosana Florin was studied as a material for efficient production of hinokitiol. Murashige-Skoog’s medium containing 3% sucrose and 1 mg/l 1-naphthylacetic acid was most desirable for cell growth. Cell growth, expressed as fresh cell weight, showed a 20-fold increase after 4 weeks of culture in this medium. Adding potassium acetate or chitosan to the medium increased hinokitiol production. The highest hinokitiol yield, 1700 μg/g fresh cells, was obtained when cells were cultured in the growth medium with chitosan.     

Early Oligocene Calocedrus (Cupressaceae) from the Maoming Basin,South China,and its paleogeographic and paleoclimatic implications

The genus Calocedrus Kurz is characterized by flattened branches covered with decussate and dimorphic leaves. In this study, we describe fossil foliage of Calocedrus discovered in the Shangcun Formation (early Oligocene) of the Maoming Basin, South China. The fossils have wedge‐shaped branchlet segments and scale‐like strongly dimorphic leaves, similar to the fossil species Calocedrus lantenoisi (Laurent) Tao. There have been no detailed studies of the morphological features and cuticle structures of C. lantenoisi. Therefore, a newly emended diagnosis of the species C. lantenoisi is given based on a detailed study of leaf morphology and cuticular characters exhibited by the Maoming fossils. This is one of the earliest fossil records of Calocedrus in the world, providing additional evidence for the early biogeographic history of this genus and supporting the inference that eastern Asian Calocedrus is primitive among all the living species. The extant species of Calocedrus are mainly distributed in mountainous regions. On the basis of the “nearest living relative” analysis, we propose that the Maoming Basin was adjacent to a mountainous region during the early Oligocene.     

Chloroplast DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism in Sequoia sempervirens D. Don Endl., Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco,Calocedrus decurrens (Torr.), and Pinus taeda L.

Summary The extent and type of chloroplast DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism was determined among individual tree samples of coast redwood, Douglas fir, incense-cedar, and loblolly pine. A total of 107 trees was surveyed for three restriction enzymes (BamHI, EcoRI, HindIII) and six chloroplast DNA probes from petunia (P3, P4, P6, P8, P10, S8). The probes comprise 64% of the petunia chloroplast genome. Polymorphisms were detected in all species but loblolly pine. Coast redwood and incense-cedar had a small number of rare variants, whereas Douglas fir had one highly polymorphic region of insertions/deletions in sequences revealed by the P6 probe from petunia. The mutation hotspot is currently being studied by DNA sequence analysis.     

木论喀斯特林区翠柏群落学特征的初步研究

广西木论喀斯特林区,位于我国中亚热带南缘。据６００ｍ２翠柏群落样方调查结果：有维管束植物７６种,隶５１科６９属,其中单种的属占８９．９％。植物区系以热带分布区类型为主,占总属数（不含世界分布）的７１．０％,温带分布占２５．８％,但群落的种类组成是以亚热带成分占优势,按Ｒａｒｎｋｉａｅｒ生活型分类系统,高位芽植物占８２．９％,地面芽植物占１５．８％,一年生植物占１．３％,缺少地上芽和地下芽植物;从生理角度分析,叶级以小型叶（包括微型和鳞型叶）为主,占５９．２％;叶型以单叶占的比例最大,为８６．８％,群落结构可分为乔、灌、草三层,其中乔木层又可分出二个亚层。对该群落各乔木种群的大小结构分析,显示出翠柏群落是相对稳定性较大的群落。     

广西翠柏属(柏科)植物小志

订正了广西翠柏属(柏科)植物,确定了广西分布有2种,即翠柏和岩生翠柏,其中分布于广西石灰岩山顶的翠柏属植物为岩生翠柏,该种与翠柏不同在于鳞叶先端钝状或宽钝状,球果宽卵形,具极短的柄,种鳞4,可育种鳞先端弯曲、圆形,表面粗糙,无尖头.最后根据IUCN的评估标准对广西翠柏属植物进行了濒危等级的评估,并提供了两种植物的地理分...     

云南蔷薇科植物的区系特征和地理分布

蔷薇科是云南种子植物区系中的第5大科,有41属456种,其属种分别占我国蔷薇科的74.5%和52.2%.云南蔷薇科植物的区系物征:1)云南蔷薇科属种十分丰富,分别占国产属的3/4和种的一半以上;而且该科植物中原始的、中间过渡的和进化的类群在云南均有分布.2)区系地理成份相当复杂,以包括北温带和东亚等分布类型为主的温带成分占优势.3)蔷薇科在云南的地理分布为5个区.该科植物在滇西、滇西北区种类最为丰富,占总种数的65.7%,其次是中部高原区、滇东南区及滇南和滇西南区较少,滇东北区最少.云南是蔷薇科植物的一个现代分布中心和分化中心之一.     

云南易门翠柏和黄彬的群落调查及保护

国家二级保护植物翠柏（Calocedrus macroleqis Kurz）和黄杉（Pseudotsugaa sinensis Dode）,仅在云南易门有较大面积的纯林分布,是很有保护价值的2个树种和相应的2个森林群落,现已成为全国唯一的翠柏和黄杉自然保护区。本文从群落特征、区系和种群分布格局的角度,首次较全面地分析了翠柏和黄杉极需保护的重要性。结果表明翠柏幼苗的耐阴性及黄杉幼苗的喜光性都是其分布范围受限制的主要原因之一;根据化石资料得出翠柏可能起源于滇中南;从分析群落中种子植物属的分布区类型得出翠柏的分布地生境比黄杉更趋于热带性。这些研究为翠柏及黄杉的就地保护和迁地保护提供理论依据。