东北锦鸡儿属一新变种──多花极东锦鸡儿

东北锦鸡儿属一新变种──多花极东锦鸡儿谢航,赵毓棠,杨成禄,杨景隆（东北师范大学生物系长春１３００２４）（旺起林场吉林永吉１３２２２５）关键词多花极东锦鸡儿ＡＮＥＷＶＡＲＩＥＴＹＯＦＣＡＲＡＧＡＮＡＦＲＯＭＮ．Ｅ．ＣＨＩＮＡ￥ＸｉｅＨａｎｇ;Ｚｈａｏ...     

赣榆县厉庄地埂利用型式试验

在赣榆县厉庄以大金鸡菊、紫穗槐和红柳三种经济植物进行了地埂利用型式试验,取得了比较明显的水土保持效果和改善农田小环境的生态效益。栽植后第三年植物覆盖率达90％或100％;地面蒸发量减少15.2～17.7％;截留降水量为0.5～0.7mm;大气相对湿度提高3.7～5.4％;土壤养分也有不同程度的增加。经济效益估测每亩地埂可收到300～600元,比种黄豆高5～9倍。效益最好的是红柳,大金鸡菊次之,紫穗槐较低。     

金露梅与格桑花

青藏高原的格桑花是什么植物或者说是什么植物的花,存在广泛争议,困扰着想一探究竟的人们。格桑花作为一种精神存在于藏族百姓心中,是他们追求幸福吉祥和美好生活的情感象征,是重要的雪域文化标识,认识熟知并开发利用好它,将有助于推动藏区生态、文化和产业振兴。金露梅是青藏高原分布最广的树木,按集生羽状复叶小叶数可分为5叶金露梅和7叶金露梅,《中国植物志》对它们的记载分别是金露梅（Potentilla fruticosa L.）和小叶金露梅（P.parvifolia Fisch.）。通过对青藏高原植被和历史文化景观考察,结合当地藏民描述及地方传说,本研究认为格桑花就是金露梅,其分布海拔可以拓展到5200 m的高寒恶劣环境。金露梅生性强健,耐寒、耐旱、耐瘠薄、耐强光,象征着藏族同胞刚毅、坚强、勤劳质朴、不畏严寒、生命力顽强的品格。     

紫穗槐叶片浸提液对长柄扁桃种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响

紫穗槐和长柄扁桃是中国西北干旱和半干旱地区的常见绿化植物.为探索紫穗槐搭配长柄扁桃进行绿化建设和生态修复的可行性,采用培养皿滤纸法和土培法测定了5种质量浓度的紫穗槐叶片浸提液(0.025、0.05、0.10、0.15和0.20 g ? mL-1)对长柄扁桃8个品种(YY1、YY3、YY4、YY5、YY6、SM6、SM7...     

科尔沁沙地4种植物抗旱性的比较研究

对科尔沁沙地小叶锦鸡儿,紫穗槐,差巴嘎蒿和胡枝子4种植物的若干水分生理生态指标进行了测定。结果表明,小叶锦鸡儿具有低水势,高水力和束缚水／自由水比及水分利用效率,抗旱性强;紫穗槐的各项指标与小叶锦鸡儿相反,抗旱性最差;差巴嘎蒿虽然水势较高,但它的持水力高,束缚水／自由水比和水分利用效率都较高,抗旱性也较强,但次于小叶锦鸡儿;胡枝子的水势和持水力较低,束缚水／自由水比及水分利用效率一般,它的抗旱性强于紫穗槐,但比差巴嘎蒿差。     

Effects of thermoperiod on recovery of seed germination of halophytes from saline conditions

Recovery of seed germination from NaCl salinity of desert shrubs (Haloxylon recurvum and Suaeda fruticosa, and the herbs Zygophyllum simplex and Triglochin maritima was studied under various thermoperiods. The percentage of ungerminated seeds that recovered when they were transferred to distilled water varied significantly with variation in species and thermoperiods. Zygophyllum simplex had little recovery from all NaCl concentrations in all thermoperiods. Haloxylon recurvum, S. fruticosa, and T. maritima showed substantial recovery. Percentage recovery was highest in S. fruticosa, followed by T. maritima, and H. recurvum. Thermoperiodic effects varied with the species investigated. There was little thermoperodic effect on the percentage recovery of S. fruticosa, except in the higher salinity treatment at higher thermoperiods. Variation in thermoperiod appears to play an important role in recovery of germination of halophytes from salt stress when seeds are transferred to distilled water.     

Somatic embryogenesis and in vitro rosmarinic acid accumulation in Salvia officinalis and S. fruticosa leaf callus cultures

The effect of explant age, plant growth regulators and culture conditions on somatic embryogenesis and rosmarinic acid production from leaf explants of Salvia officinalis and S. fruticosa plants collected in Greece was investigated. Embryogenic callus with numerous spherical somatic embryos could be induced on explants derived from both species and cultured for 3 weeks on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 1.8–18 μm 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and kinetin (Kin) or 10.5–21 μm 1-naphthalenacetic acid and 6-benzyladenine. Only explants from young plants (with six to eight leaves) responded to the culture treatments and, in general, low light intensities (50 μmol m^–2 s^–1) favoured callus formation and induction of somatic embryos. Somatic embryos were further developed on the same medium. Heart- and torpedo-shaped embryos (1–2 mm long) were subcultured on a growth-regulator-free MS medium for maturation. Maximum rosmarinic acid accumulation in S. officinalis and S. fruticosa callus cultured on 4.5 μm 2,4-D and 4.5 μm Kin was 25.9 and 29.0 g/l, respectively. Received: 17 January 1997 / Revision received: 26 May 1997 / Accepted: 30 June 1997     

豆科三属八种植物的核型及rDNA定位研究

对豆科槐属的国槐(SophorajaponicaL.)、五叶槐(S.japonicaL.f.oligophyllaFranch.)、龙爪槐(S.japonicaL.f·pendulaLoud.)、黄金槐(S.xanthanthaC.Y.Ma.)(以上均为四倍体,2n=4x=28)、红花槐(S.rubrifloraTsoong.,2n=3x=21),刺槐属的刺槐(Robiniapseudoa-caciaL.,2n=2x=22)、毛洋槐(R.hispidaL.,2n=2x=30)和紫穗槐属的紫穗槐(AmorphafruticosaL.,2n=2x=40)核型进行了分析,并应用荧光原位杂交技术进行了45SrDNA的染色体定位。槐属4个四倍体种各具4个45SrDNA位点,位于两对染色体的着丝粒周围;红花槐,3个45SrDNA位点位于第5组染色体随体区域。刺槐,4个rDNA位点位于两对随体染色体端部;毛洋槐,8个rDNA位点,4个位于两对染色体的随体及次缢痕,另4个位于两对染色体着丝粒周围。紫穗槐,6个45SrDNA位点,分别位于3对染色体的着丝粒和随体。本文对rDNA作为染色体标记在核型分析中的应用及在基因组中的分布特点进行了讨论。