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排序方式: 共有66条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
During preimplantation development, the mouse embryo forms the blastocyst, which consists of a squamous epithelium enveloping a fluid-filled lumen and a cluster of pluripotent cells. The shaping of the blastocyst into its specific architecture is a prerequisite to implantation and further development of the embryo. Recent studies identified the central role of the actomyosin cortex in generating the forces driving the successive steps of blastocyst morphogenesis. As seen in other developing animals, actomyosin functions across spatial scales from the subcellular to the tissue levels. In addition, the slow development of the mouse embryo reveals that actomyosin contractility operates at multiple timescales with periodic cortical waves of contraction every ∼80 s and tissue remodeling over hours. 相似文献
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The paper of Edsall and Mehl, ‘The effect of denaturing agents on myosin, II. Viscosity and double refraction of flow’, J. Biol. Chem. 133 (1940) 409–429, inspired our research on actin and actomyosin. It led to the specific purification of actin with magnesium ions and to the demonstration of the central role of the Mg2+-activated actomyosin ATPase in contraction of live muscle. 相似文献
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Stanislava V. Avrova Yurii S. Borovikov 《Biochemical and biophysical research communications》2010,394(1):126-65
A new evidence on the regulatory function of twitchin, a titin-like protein of molluscan muscles, at muscle contraction has been obtained at studying the movements of IAF-labeled mussel tropomyosin in skeletal ghost fibers during the ATP hydrolysis cycle simulated using nucleotides and non-hydrolysable ATP analogs. For the first time, myosin-induced multistep changes in mobility and in the position of mussel tropomyosin strands on the surface of the thin filament during the ATP hydrolysis cycle have been demonstrated directly. Unphosphorylated twitchin shifts the tropomyosin towards the position typical for muscle relaxation, decreases the tropomyosin affinity to actin and inhibits its movements during the ATPase cycle. Phosphorylation of twitchin by the catalytic subunit of protein kinase A reverses this effect. These data imply that twitchin is a thin filament regulator that controls actin-myosin interaction by “freezing” tropomyosin in the blocked position, resulting in the inhibition of the transformation of weak-binding states into strong-binding ones during ATPase cycle. 相似文献
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《European journal of cell biology》2022,101(4):151274
Several factors present in the extracellular environment regulate epithelial cell adhesion and dynamics. Among them, growth factors such as EGF, upon binding to their receptors at the cell surface, get internalized and directly activate the acto-myosin machinery. In this study we present the effects of EGF on the contractility of epithelial cancer cell colonies in confined geometry of different sizes. We show that the extent to which EGF triggers contractility scales with the cluster size and thus the number of cells. Moreover, the collective contractility results in a radial distribution of traction forces, which are dependent on integrin β1 peripheral adhesions and transmitted to neighboring cells through adherens junctions. Taken together, EGF-induced contractility acts on the mechanical crosstalk and linkage between the cell-cell and cell-matrix compartments, regulating collective responses. 相似文献
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MS Parvatiyar AP Landstrom C Figueiredo-Freitas JD Potter MJ Ackerman JR Pinto 《The Journal of biological chemistry》2012,287(38):31845-31855
Defined as clinically unexplained hypertrophy of the left ventricle, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is traditionally understood as a disease of the cardiac sarcomere. Mutations in TNNC1-encoded cardiac troponin C (cTnC) are a relatively rare cause of HCM. Here, we report clinical and functional characterization of a novel TNNC1 mutation, A31S, identified in a pediatric HCM proband with multiple episodes of ventricular fibrillation and aborted sudden cardiac death. Diagnosed at age 5, the proband is family history-negative for HCM or sudden cardiac death, suggesting a de novo mutation. TnC-extracted cardiac skinned fibers were reconstituted with the cTnC-A31S mutant, which increased Ca(2+) sensitivity with no effect on the maximal contractile force generation. Reconstituted actomyosin ATPase assays with 50% cTnC-A31S:50% cTnC-WT demonstrated Ca(2+) sensitivity that was intermediate between 100% cTnC-A31S and 100% cTnC-WT, whereas the mutant increased the activation of the actomyosin ATPase without affecting the inhibitory qualities of the ATPase. The secondary structure of the cTnC mutant was evaluated by circular dichroism, which did not indicate global changes in structure. Fluorescence studies demonstrated increased Ca(2+) affinity in isolated cTnC, the troponin complex, thin filament, and to a lesser degree, thin filament with myosin subfragment 1. These results suggest that this mutation has a direct effect on the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the myofilament, which may alter Ca(2+) handling and contribute to the arrhythmogenesis observed in the proband. In summary, we report a novel mutation in the TNNC1 gene that is associated with HCM pathogenesis and may predispose to the pathogenesis of a fatal arrhythmogenic subtype of HCM. 相似文献
7.
Partial purification of myosin from lily pollen tubes by monitoring with in vitro motility assay 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary Myosin in pollen tubes ofLilium longiflorum was partially purified, using an in vitro motility assay as a monitor. The main components in the partially purified preparation had molecular masses of 110, 120, and 140 kDa in SDS-PAGE. They became bound to actin filaments in an ATP-dependent manner. Among the components, only that of 120 kDa became bound to ATP and was concluded to be the heavy chain of pollen tube myosin.Abbreviations ATP
adenosine-5-triphosphate
- DTT
dithiothreitol
- EB
extraction buffer
- EGTA
ethyleneglycol-bis-(-aminoethylether) N, N, N, N-tetraacetic acid
- PAGE
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
- PIPES
piperazine-N,N-bis-(2-ethanesulfonic acid)
- PMSF
phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride
- SDS
sodium dodecylsulfate
- TBS
Tris buffered saline
- TEB
Tris-EGTA buffer 相似文献
8.
In cardiac natural actomyosin prepared from hyperthyroid rabbits, the time of onset of the superprecipitation response was shortened by 58% and the rate of response was increased 4-fold compared with euthyroid animals. However, Ca2+-sensitivity of cardiac natural actomyosin prepared from either euthyroid or hyperthyroid rabbits was not changed over the range of 10−7 to 6.6·10−5 mM free Ca2+ concentrations. Skeletal natural actomyosin prepared from either euthyroid or hyperthyroid rabbits showed a far higher Ca2+-sensitivity than cardiac natural actomyosin, but there was no difference in either time of onset or rate of superprecipitation response. 相似文献
9.
Mechanically skinned single fibres of the semitendinosus muscles of Rana esculenta were investigated at ca. 4 C. The fibres were activated by a Ca2+ jump technique, which allowed the development of a steady isometric tension within several seconds of entering a calcium rich solution at 4 C. Sequences of length changes of different duration and amplitude were applied to the fibre. It could be demonstrated that the fibre behaved as a Hookean spring in the case of small amplitude length changes (up to 0.5% L0, ramp duration 0.5 ms) and that a sequence of length changes induced reversible changes in fibre state. In contrast, large stretches (> 1% L0) induced a muscle give if the stretch were not immediately preceded by a release. The data was interpreted on the basis of a strain induced detachment of cross bridges in combination with a rapid reattachment of presumably the same cross bridges in a discharged position. The rates of strain induced detachment and reattachment depended on the stretch amplitude. At amplitudes exceeding 2% L0 the rates were estimated to be at least several thousands per second. 相似文献
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