南京紫金山现代植被表土孢粉的初步研究

 选择南京紫金山现代植被进行植被调查和表土孢粉分析。结合中国东部不同气候带下的几个地点表土孢粉分析,把孢粉百分含量、孢粉组合及孢粉优势种、标志种与植被的各项参数进行对比,找出植被与孢粉之间的关系。为恢复古植被、古生态和古气候提供科学依据。     

关于徐州白云洞与南京汤山第1地点的哺乳动物化石

白云洞位于江苏省徐州市九里区九里山的白云寺内,产有中国鬣狗,三门马,李氏野猪,葛氏斑鹿,肿骨鹿等9个种类,其地质时代大体上与汤山第一地点或北京人动物群同时,为中更新世晚期。     

Design,synthesis and biological evaluation of hypolipidemic compounds based on BRD4 inhibitor RVX-208

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is a new therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, inflammation and central nervous system (CNS) disorders. In this study, we introduced the pharmacophore of fibrates to a BRD4 inhibitor, RVX-208, to design dual-active hypolipidemic compounds, and found that some of new analogues showed favorable hypolipidemic activities. Synthetic accessibility towards this class of compounds optimized RVX-208 as well as would supply more thoughts on hypolipidemic drugs.     

南京老山秤锤树空间分布格局及种间关联性

以南京老山1 hm 2样地秤锤树(Sinojackia xylocarpa)天然种群为研究对象,运用成对g(r)函数,选择完全随机模型、异质泊松模型与先决条件零模型,分析秤锤树种群结构和空间分布格局及其空间关联性,从空间格局角度来深入认识其种群结构和分布格局及形成该格局可能存在的机制并提出保护建议。结果表明:(1)秤锤树天然种群中小径个体数量占优,属于增长型种群。(2)种内空间分布研究中,基于完全随机模型分析,秤锤树种群在尺度0~26 m时为聚集分布,尺度29~30 m时为均匀分布;基于异质泊松模型分析,秤锤树种群在0~23 m时为聚集分布,尺度27~30 m时为均匀分布。秤锤树空间分布表现为由聚集分布向均匀分布变化。(3)主要种间关联性研究中,秤锤树与朴树(Celtis sinensis)的种间关联性表现为小尺度下负关联,随着空间尺度的增加变为正关联。秤锤树与黄连木(Pistacia chinensis)和秤锤树与三角槭(Acer buergerianum)的种间关联性大致相同,基本为大尺度下正关联,偶尔出现负关联和无关联。上述结果表明,秤锤树种群更新状况良好,种群空间分布以聚集分布为主,其主要受种间竞争、扩散限制与密度制约的影响。基于种群现状开展就地保护与适当干扰其生存群落,是濒危物种秤锤树的科学有效的保护措施。     

南京城市土壤重金属含量及其影响因素

研究了南京城市土壤重金属含量、来源及其与土壤性质的关系。结果表明,南京城市土壤中,Fe、Ni、Co、V污染不明显,但受到了不同程度的Mn、Cr、Cu、Zn、Pb污染,其中：Pb污染非常严重;重金属在土壤剖面分布没有规律性;Fe、Ni、Co、V元素主要来源于原土壤物质,Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr元素主要来源于人为输入,Mn可能在不同的土壤中来源不同;Fe、Cr、Ni、Co、V元素含量之间均呈极显著正相关,Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr元素含量之间均呈极显著正相关。Fe、Co、V、Ni含量与粘粒含量、CEC呈极显著正相关;Cu、Zn、Pb含量与粘粒含量呈极显著负相关;Cu、Zn、Pb、Cr含量与有机碳呈极显著正相关,Pb含量与pH呈极显著正相关。     

梅花‘南京红’花色色素花色苷的分子结构

经特殊颜色反应、纸层析、紫外 -可见光谱、高效液相色谱、气相色谱和核磁共振波谱分析表明 :梅花‘南京红’花色色素的 3种主要花色苷分别是 :花青素 3 氧 (6″ 氧 α 吡喃型鼠李糖基 β 吡喃型葡萄糖 )苷 ,花青素 3 氧 (6″ 氧 没食子酰 β 吡喃型葡萄糖 )苷和花青素 3 氧 (6″ 氧 反式阿魏酰 β 吡喃型葡萄糖 )苷。花青苷在根本上决定着‘南京红’的粉红色花色 ,并可能强化‘南京红’的耐寒能力 ,也奠定了开发和利用该种花色色素的基础。     

Immunogenomics Analysis Reveals that TP53 Mutations Inhibit Tumor Immunity in Gastric Cancer

Although immunotherapy continues to demonstrate efficacy in a variety of refractory cancers, currently, no any immunotherapeutic strategy is clinically used for gastric cancer (GC) except its microsatellite instable subtype. Thus, it is important to identify molecular biomarkers for predicting the responders to GC immunotherapy. TP53 mutations frequently occur in GC and are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes in GC. We performed a comprehensive characterization of the associations between TP53 mutations and immune activities in GC based on two large-scale GC cancer genomics data. We compared expression and enrichment levels of 787 immune-related genes and 23 immune gene-sets among TP53-mutated GCs, TP53‐wildtype GCs, and normal tissue, and explored the correlations between p53-mediated pathways and immune activities in GC. Strikingly, almost all analyzed immune gene-sets were significantly downregulated in enrichment levels in TP53-mutated GCs compared to TP53‐wildtype GCs. These less active immune pathways and cell types in TP53-mutated GCs included 15 immune cell types and function, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, regulatory T cells, immune checkpoint, cytokine and cytokine receptor, human leukocyte antigen, pro‐inflammatory, and parainflammation. Moreover, we identified a number of p53-mediated pathways and proteins that were significantly associated with immune activities in GC. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the TP53 mutation itself could result in the depressed immune activities in GC and other cancer types. We revealed that chromosomal instability was an important mechanism for the depressed tumor immunity in TP53-mutated cancers. Finally, we showed that immune cell infiltration and immune activities were likely positively associated with survival prognosis in GC. Our findings suggest that p53 may play an important role in activating tumor immunity in GC and other cancer types and that the TP53 mutation status could be useful in stratifying cancer patients responsive to a certain immunotherapy.     

A new trogiid genus from lower Eocene Fushun amber (Insecta: Psocodea: Trogiomorpha)

A new fossil brachypterous psocid tax on belonging to the family Trogiidae is characterized, illustrated and described from the early Eocene Fushun amber. Paralepinotus fushunensis nov. gen., nov. sp., shares several characters with the genus Lepinotus von Heyden, 1850, but differs from it mainly by the presence of tibial spurs other than apical ones and the absence of a forked sensillum on the last maxillary palp. This fossil taxon is also characterized by relatively developed elytriform forewing but still not reaching the tip of the abdomen. A checklist of all known Trogiidae is provided.     

Evaluation of ISO enrichment real-time PCR methods with internal amplification control for detection of Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella enterica in fresh fruit and vegetables

Aim:  To find a quick and reliable diagnostic technique for penicillin nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae (PNSSP) from Nanjing, China.
Methods and Results:  A total of 130 S. pneumoniae clinical isolates and 50 healthy carriers' isolates were collected from seven teaching hospitals in Nanjing between March 2005 and June 2007. Three different methods, PCR, seminested-PCR, and PCR-RFLP, were applied in detecting PNSSP. The prevalence of PNSSP was 73·9%, the penicillin-resistance rate of children's group and adults' group were 87·8% and 31·2%, respectively. The PCR method had difficulty in identifying intermediate-resistant and resistant isolates, the PCR-RFLP method could only be used for susceptible isolates and had poor sensitivity. Seminested-PCR was fast, sensitive for detection, and successfully differentiated between moderately and highly resistant S. pnemoniae ; 96·1% of the PCR results were in agreement with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) data.
Conclusions:  The penicillin resistance rate in isolates from children was much higher than of isolates from adults in China. Seminested-PCR for pbp1A was the best diagnostic method.
Significance and Impact of the Study:  We compared three different strategies for the first time in identification of PNSSP in China. In conclusion, seminested-PCR can be applied in clinical microbiology laboratories for detection of serious infections caused by S. pneumoniae .