白粉菌属一新种

报道了寄生在人参（ＰａｎａｘｇｉｎｓｅｎｇＭｅｙｅｒ）上的白粉菌属一新种：人参白粉菌（ＥｒｙｓｉｐｈｅｐａｎａｃｉｓＲ．Ｌ．Ｂａｉ．ｅｔＷ．Ｃ．Ｌｉｕｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．）,此为白粉菌有性型在五加科（Ａｒａｌｉ ａｃｅａｅ）植物上寄生的首次记载。模式标本存放在解放军农牧大学真菌标本室     

Responses of entomopathogenic fungi to the mutagen 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide

Survival of entomopathogenic fungi under solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation is paramount to the success of biological control of insect pests and disease vectors. The mutagenic compound 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4-NQO) is often used to mimic the biological effects of UV radiation on organisms. Therefore, we asked whether tolerance to 4-NQO could predict tolerance to UV radiation in thirty isolates of entomopathogenic fungi and one isolate of a xerophilic fungus. A dendrogram obtained from cluster analyses based on the 50 and 90 % inhibitory concentrations (IC₅₀ and IC₉₀, respectively) divided the fungal isolates into six clusters numbered consecutively based on their tolerance to 4-NQO. Cluster 6 contained species with highest tolerance to 4-NQO (IC₅₀ > 4.7 μM), including Mariannaea pruinosa, Lecanicillium aphanocladii, and Torrubiella homopterorum. Cluster 1 contained species least tolerant to 4-NQO (IC₅₀ < 0.2 μM), such as Metarhizium acridum (ARSEF 324), Tolypocladium geodes, and Metarhizium brunneum (ARSEF 7711). With few exceptions, the majority of Metarhizium species showed moderate to low tolerances (IC₅₀ between 0.4 and 0.9 μM) and were placed in cluster 2. Cluster 3 included species with moderate tolerance (IC₅₀ between 1.0 and 1.2 μM). In cluster 4 were species with moderate to high tolerance (IC₅₀ between 1.3 and 1.6 μM). Cluster 5 contained the species with high tolerance (IC₅₀ between 1.9 and 4.0 μM). The most UV tolerant isolate of M. acridum, ARSEF 324, was the least tolerant to 4-NQO. Also, L. aphanocladii, which is very susceptible to UV radiation, showed high tolerance to 4-NQO. Our results indicate that tolerance to 4-NQO does not correlate with tolerance to UV radiation. Therefore this chemical compound is not a predictor of UV tolerance in entomopathogenic fungi.     

蜘蛛病原真菌一新种

虫壳属一新种大别山虫壳（Ｔｏｒｒｕｂｉｅｌａｄａｂｉｅｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）及其同时在蛛体上并存的无性型大别山球束梗孢（Ｇｉｂｅｌｕｌａｄａｂｉｅｓｈａｎｅｎｓｉｓ）。子囊壳表生至浅埋生,孔口黄色,子囊孢子弹射后呈波浪形弯曲。次生子囊孢子长柱形,９．４～１５．１×０．７～１．２μｍ。孢梗束单个或两个,白色,在其２／３处仍有分生孢子梗。分生孢子梗长２７～４４μｍ,光滑。分生孢子纺锤形,３．２～４．０×１．１～１．８μｍ。具糙梗孢式的共无性型方式,分生孢子线形,１１．０～２０．０×０．７～１．１μｍ。列出了该属已知种的检索表,并分别命以中名     

捕食线虫真菌：球捕轮虫霉新种和胶孢轮虫霉新记录种

在贵州樊静山和吉林长白山食线虫菌物调查中,发现２种相近的菌物,经比较研究后,将长白山菌株鉴定为球捕轮虫霉新种（ＺｏｏｐｈａｇｕｓｔｙｌｏｐａｇｕｓＬｉｕ＆Ｚｈａｎｇ）,将樊静山菌株鉴定为胶孢轮虫霉（Ｚｏｏｐｈａｇｕｓｐｅｃｔｏｓｐｏｒｕｓ（Ｄｒｅｃｈｓｌｅｒ）Ｄｉｃｋ）中国新记录种。标本保藏在中国科学院微生物研究所菌物标本室（ＨＭＡＳ）。     

小戴顿属一新种

本文报道一新种———槟榔小戴顿菌（Ｄｅｉｇｈｔｏｎｉｅｌａａｒｅｃａｅ）,该菌生于槟榔（Ａｒｅｃａｃａｔｅｃｈｕ）叶片正面,与该属其它种的区别特征是其倒梨形的分生孢子和分生孢子上的四个真隔膜以及粗糙的分生孢子表面。模式标本保藏于西北农业大学真菌标本室     

Torrubiella pruinosa,a teliomorph of an entomopathogenic fungus Hirsutella versicolor of mango hopper (Idioscopus clypealis) from India

Torrubeilla pruinosa, a teliomorph of an anamorphic entomopathogenic fungus Hirsutella versicolor on mango hopper (Idioscopus clypealis) was observed. On the infected mango hopper, tiny pin head signs of ascomata were observed. Ascomata of T. pruinosa is pale brown or tawny brown, crowded, immersed in stroma, wall dark golden brown, 260–320?×?230–260?μm, asci clavate, hyaline and thin walled. The ascospores of T. pruinosa are fusiform, distoseptate with a faint tint of pigmentation, 17.5–25.0?×?5.0–7.5?μm. The anamorph stage of H. versicolor fungal hyphae is hyaline, septate and profusely branched, and conidiogenous (phialides) cells are hyaline, pear-shaped and smooth-walled with single or double sterigmata and rarely, multiple sterigmata. Each sterigmata bears single conidia which are hyaline, oval to pear-shaped.