酸中毒条件下脓毒性休克大鼠胸主动脉对多巴胺反应性的变化

目的:观察不同酸中毒条件下正常大鼠和脓毒性休克大鼠胸主动脉对多巴胺反应性的变化。方法:采用离体血管灌流方法,观察对照组和脓毒性休克组大鼠胸主动脉在不同pH条件下的反应性变化。结果:pH值依次降低,对照组及脓毒性休克组离体胸主动脉对多巴胺反应性均下降,在相同pH值条件下脓毒性休克组比对照组离体血管对多巴胺反应性下降更为明显。结论:①环境pH值的下降会导致正常大鼠和脓毒性休克大鼠离体动脉对多巴胺反应性的下降。②在相同的酸性环境中脓毒性休克大鼠的血管对多巴胺刺激的反应性更差,更易失去活性。     

犬脑内动脉构筑的显微X线解剖学研究

犬脑11只,经生理盐水冲洗脑血管后,注入20％钡胶液,切成0.2～1.0厘米的厚片,用显微X线法研究犬脑内各级动脉的构筑,其结果:1.皮质动脉的管径平均为25.9±0.005微米,平均长度为888.0±0.241微米。其形态与发出部位有关,分别呈栅状和瓶刷状。2.髓质动脉的管径平均为49.9±0.007微米。呈直线或孤形向心走行。3.皮质下动脉的管径平均为38.7±0.009微米。呈新月形或蟹钳状分布。4.豆纹动脉和内囊动脉的平均管径为70.0±0.021微米。呈锐角、反血流方向发自母干,再呈“S”形上升。5.丘脑动脉的平均管径为63.7±0.019微米,主要从下方进丘脑,呈树枝状分支。     

家兔失血性休克时血浆儿茶酚胺系统的含量变化

本文应用荧光分光光度法对25例失血性休克家兔血浆儿茶酚胺系统(酪氨酸、多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素及肾上腺素)的含量进行了分析研究,井分别观察休克后输血组和非输血组家兔的儿茶酚胺变化情况。结果表明失血性休克家兔血浆儿茶酚胺及其前身物酪氨酸含量均增高,其中非输血组更为显著,具有统计学意义。提示失血性休克形成和发展过程中儿茶酚胺含量的适度增高是休克时机体的一种代偿机制。     

血管内皮舒张因子在氧自由基所致慢性缺氧大鼠肺内动...

The role of endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) on the effect of oxygen-derived free radicals (generated by xanthine-xanthine oxidase system) on intrapulmonary arterial in chronic hypoxic rats was studied by a microbioassay method. Intrapulmonary artery rings with intact or denuded endothelium of hypoxic (5,000 m, 10 days) and normoxic rats were prepared for observation of oxygen-derived free radicals induced contraction. It was shown that oxygen-derived free radicals induced contractions of intrapulmonary arterial rings with intact endothelium were obviously augmented in hypoxic rats than in normoxic controls. The augmented responses could be further potentiated by the addition of EDRF inactivator reduced hemoglobin (RHb), but diminished or even abolished by applying superoxide dismutase (Cu-Zn SOD). However, no effect on denuded rings was observed when RHb or SOD was added. It is concluded that chronic hypoxia may attenuate the action of EDRF in the enhancement of the reactivity of intrapulmonary artery to oxygen-derived free radicals.     

NO—样松驰因子在大鼠止血带休克中的作用

为探讨NO-样松驰因子(NO-LRF)在休克中的效应及其病理生理意义,本工作在大鼠止血带休克(ToS)模型上发现离体灌流的主动脉环对去甲肾上腺素的反应性降低,组织cGMP含量增加。用NO前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg)或NO合成阻断剂L-NNA,可溶性乌苷酸环化酶抑制剂亚甲蓝灌流,分别增强或减轻ToS动物主动脉的上述变化,而且这些药物的作用不受血管内皮是否存在的影响。实验结果提示非内皮细胞源的NO-LRF是引起ToS动物血管低反应性的因素之一。体内实验表明 L-Arg治疗缓解,而L-NNA恶化ToS病程,提示NO-LRF可能参与机体的适应保护机制。     

从呼气末CO2浓度与动脉血压的关系判断人工呼吸猫...

End-tidal CO2 (ET-CO2) provides a continuous and sensitive monitoring of proper pulmonary ventilation in artificially ventilated animals during single unit recordings of the central nervous system. To determine a reliable standard of ET-CO2 in anesthetized and paralyzed animal, the relationship between ET-CO2 and arterial blood pressure (ABP) was observed in cat under different ventilation level. The results showed that ABP changed tremendously with variation in ventilation, but remained constant at a normal level as long as ET-CO2 was maintained within the range between 4.0-5.0%, i.e. optimally at 4.5 +/- 0.5%.     

咽喉部高频喷射通气调节各参数对狗肺通气效率的影响

用相关和回归处理方法,研究了8条正常狗咽喉部高频喷射通气时,调节驱动压、呼吸比和频率对喷气量、吸入气氧浓度、动脉血气及气道内压的作用。结果显示,驱动压和呼吸此对各观察指标几乎有同等重要的作用,频率的影响很小,喷气量与吸入气氧浓度、动脉血气、气道内压间存在显著的正相关关系。说明调节参数的意义主要在于改变了喷气量。     

室旁核在剌激猫肾神经传入纤维引起的血压效应中的应用

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and alpha 1 adrenergic receptor of PVN in the pressor responses to stimulation of renal afferent nerve in alpha 1-chloralose-anesthetized cats with carotid sinoaortic denervation and vagotomy. The pressor response to stimulation of renal afferent nerve consisted of a primary and a second components. The primary component response was completely blocked while the second component was not blocked by autonomic blocking agents (hexomethonium and atropine). Bilateral lesions of PVN greatly attenuated the pressor response before and after autonomic blockade. Intracerebroventricular and PVN injection alpha 1, adrenergic antagonist (prazosin) significantly decreased in the pressor response to stimulation of renal afferent nerve. These results indicate that paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and alpha 1 adrenergic receptors in central nervous system, especially in PVN, play an important role in the pressor responses to stimulation of renal afferent nerve.