人类羊水对瘤鼠作用的实验研究

有人报道随孕期的不同,羊水中低分子量蛋白质、肽的种类变化很大,而羊水与胚胎组织交换障碍往往伴有胚胎分化发育的异常。故作者认为,羊水很可能与胚胎分化发育密切相关。鉴于癌细胞与胚胎组织细胞有相似的外形及牛物学特征,有人将其与胚胎组织分化紊乱相联系,提出肿瘤的形成是细胞生长分化紊乱,即分化受阻所致。据此从羊水中寻找并提取诱导细胞分化、使恶性瘤细胞“逆转”的物质,有可能为肿瘤治疗开辟新的途径。本实验观察不同孕期人类羊水对荷瘤小鼠的影响,为上述假设提供依据。     

冷冻液温和季节对鼠尾过冷点的影响

为研究动物对寒冷的适应性,将鼠尾置于冷液浸冻,发现在一定条件下鼠尾组织可发生过冷现象。实验表明,鼠尾组织的过冷点和冷冻液温有关,同一季节冷冻液温越低过冷点越高;而不同季节相同冷冻条件下,冬季鼠尾组织的过冷点明显低于春季。 动物肢体组织的过冷特性是动物的抗寒冷特性,它和组织自身的物理化学性质有关。理沦证明,过冷度(△T)和表面张力(O)、摩尔质量(M),冰点(Ti)、密度(p)、摩尔凝固热(△H)及冰胚临界半径(rk)有关,其关系式为△T=26MTi/p△Hrk.     

Etk敲除及过表达细胞株构建并探讨Etk对细胞增殖的影响

目的:利用CRISPR-Cas9技术在人脐静脉内皮细胞(Human umbilical vein endothelial cells,HUVECs)中构建Etk(Epithelial and endothelial tyrosine kinase)敲除稳定细胞株以及利用慢病毒构建Etk过表达稳定细胞株,并初步探讨Etk基因对HUVECs细胞增殖的影响。方法:利用CRISPR-Cas9技术,使用在线工具设计针对Etk的sgRNA (https://chopchop.rc.fas.harvard.edu/)。将sgRNA利用连接酶整合到病毒载体中,包被病毒并感染HUVECs敲除HUVECs中的内源性Etk。利用嘌呤霉素筛选得到Etk敲除的稳定细胞株。PCR扩增Etk基因序列,将其整合到pLEX-MCS慢病毒过表达载体中构建Etk过表达重组质粒。包被病毒并感染HUVECs,在HUVECs中过表达Etk,利用嘌呤霉素筛选得到Etk过表达的稳定细胞株。利用qRT-PCR和Western-Blotting检测Etk的敲除和过表达情况。利用CCK-8盒子检测两种稳定细胞株细胞增殖情况。结果:利用CRISPR-Cas9技术有效的敲除HUVECs中内源性Etk,同对照相比,Etk的mRNA和蛋白水平显著地降低(P0.01)。同时利用慢病毒在HUVECs中过表达Etk,同对照相比,在过表达Etk稳定细胞株中Etk的mRNA和蛋白表达显著上调(P0.01)。CCK-8检测发现,Etk敲除降低细胞增殖能力;而Etk过表达增加细胞增殖能力。结论:通过CRISPR-Cas9技术成功在HUVECs中敲除Etk,利用慢病毒过表达系统成功的在HUVECs中过表达Etk,并且初步验证了Etk促进HUVECs细胞增殖。     

芍药乙烯受体PlETR1基因过表达载体的构建及烟草转化

芍药是乙烯敏感型花卉,乙烯受体感知并传导乙烯信号,在乙烯信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。芍药PlETR1基因cDNA全长序列已分离,为了鉴定芍药PlETR1基因的功能,本研究基于PlETR1基因和表达载体序列,应用Primer Premier 5.0软件设计了一对特异性PCR引物,采用RT-PCR技术扩增出了PlETR1编码区片段,进一步构建了芍药PlETR1基因过表达载体。基于优化的模式植物烟草的组培体系和筛选出的潮霉素抗性浓度,应用农杆菌介导的叶盘法开展了芍药PlETR1基因转化烟草的研究,对转基因抗性烟草植株进行了PCR检测,结果表明HPT基因和芍药PlETR1基因已导入到烟草基因组中,且芍药PlETR1基因转录表达成功,为下一步鉴定芍药PlETR1基因的功能提供科学依据。     

Over-expression of fibroblast activation protein alpha increases tumor growth in xenografts of ovarian cancer cells

Fibroblast activation protein alpha （FAPα） is a 95-kDa serine protease of post-prolyl peptidase family on cell surface. FAPoL is widely expressed in tumor microenviron- ment. The wide spread association of FAPα expression with cancer suggests that it has important functions in the disease. However, the nature of FAPα＇s roles in cancer cell activity is not well-determined. It has been showed that FAPα silencing in SKOV3 cells induces ovarian tumors but significantly reduces tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. To further determine the role of FAPoL in epithelial ovarian cancer cells, SKOV3-FAPα and HO8910-FAPα cell lines, which over-expressed FAPα stably, were con- structed and then their biological behaviors were investi- gated. It was found that FAPoL promoted ovarian cancer cell proliferation, drug resistance, invasiveness, and migra- tion in vitro. Immunochemistry assay showed that FAPα significantly facilitated tumor growth in xenograft tumor tissues. These results suggested that FAPα might directly promote tumor growth and invasiveness in ovarian cancer cells.     

家兔肠系膜上神经节注射HRP后脊神经节内标记细胞的节段分布

将ＨＲＰ（ｈｏｒｓｅｒａｄｉｓｈ ｐｅｒｏｘｉｄａｓｅ，辣根过氧化物酶）注入７只家兔肠系膜上神经节内，观察逆行标记神经元胞体在脊神经节内的节段性分布。结果显示，标记细胞见于双侧Ｔ５（胸５）－Ｌ３（腰３）脊神经节内，较集中地分布于Ｔ８－Ｔ１２节段，高峰在Ｔ９和Ｔ１０。两侧脊神经节内的标记细胞数及节段分布模式无显著差异。标记细胞散布于脊神经节各部，大都是５０μｍ以下的中，小型细胞。研究结果揭示了肠系膜     

Human μ—opioid receptor overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous Gi／0 proteins

Human mu-opioid receptor (HmuOR) with a tag of six consecutive histidines at its carboxyl terminus had been expressed in recombinant baculovirus infected Sf9 insect cells. The maximal binding capacity for the [3H] diprenorphine and [3H]ohmefentanyl (Ohm) were 9.1 +/- 0.7 and 6.52 +/- 0.23 nmol/g protein, respectively. The [3H] diprenorphine or [3H] Ohm binding to the receptor expressed in Sf9 cells was strongly inhibited by mu-selective agonists [D-Ala2, N-methyl-Phe4, glyol5]enkephalin (DAGO), Ohm, and morphine, but neither by delta nor by kappa selective agonist. Na+ (100 mM) and GTP (50 microM) could reduce HmuOR agonists etorphine and Ohm affinity binding to the overexpressed HmuOR. mu-selective agonists DAGO and Ohm effectively stimulated [35S]GTP-gammaS binding (EC50 = 2.7 nM and 6.9 nM) and inhibited forskolin- stimulated cAMP accumulation (IC50 = 0.9 nM and 0.3 nM). The agonist-dependent effects could be blocked by opioid antagonist naloxone or by pretreatment of cells with pertussis toxin (PTX). These results demonstrated that HmuOR overexpressed in Sf9 insect cells functionally coupled to endogenous G(i/o) proteins.     

星形胶质细胞通过CX47促进少突胶质前体细胞增殖

目的:研究星形胶质细胞(AST)对少突胶质前体细胞(OPC)生长分化的影响及作用机制。方法:用P3SD乳鼠,建立星形胶质细胞与少突胶质前体细胞原代培养体系。实验分两部分,第一部分为常规OPC培养组、AST分泌因子组、AST与OPC直接接触式培养组;第二部分为AST与OPC直接接触式培养组、缝隙连接干扰对照组、缝隙连接干扰组。免疫荧光鉴定OPC与AST细胞纯度,光镜观察细胞生长状态,流式细胞术检测细胞周期,转录组测序分析不同状态下OPC中缝隙连接蛋白CX47差异表达,PCR和Western blot检测鉴定转录组测序CX47差异表达,EDU检测CX47干扰后OPC增殖能力,流式细胞术测干扰CX47后细胞周期变化。结果:光镜与流式检测发现,与AST接触培养的OPC增殖能力最强、新生细胞数目最多。转录组测序分析和PCR验证显示,AST接触调控OPC增殖的主要差异表达蛋白为CX47,干扰CX47后细胞周期阻滞在G1期,OPC增殖能力明显下降。结论;AST可通过缝隙连接蛋白CX47调控细胞周期,促进OPC增殖。     

人羊水间充质干细胞治疗肿瘤的临床研究进展

人羊水间充质干细胞(Human amniotic fluid derived mesenchymal stem cells,AF-MSCs)是一类具有高度增殖、自我更新和多项分化潜能的干细胞,即使经过多次传代其生物学特性也不会发生改变。有研究表明,AF-MSCs具有免疫原性低、不成瘤性和肿瘤细胞亲嗜性等特点,而且能够迁移到肿瘤病灶。因此,AF-MSCs作为转运载体介导药物靶向治疗肿瘤具有潜在的优势。同时,通过羊膜腔穿刺获得羊水有利于避免胚胎干细胞研究有关的伦理问题,可作为一种理想的治疗方法。本文通过回顾、总结人羊水间充质干细胞的研究进展,展望人羊水间充质干细胞治疗肿瘤的应用前景。