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放牧对冶勒自然保护区大熊猫生境的影响 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
四川冶勒自然保护区周边村民的牲畜基本上都在保护区内放养。为研究放牧和大熊猫对竹类的利用及放牧强度与竹类的关系 ,利用Forageratio选择指数 ,Pearson相关分析和联列表独立性检验 ,对调查数据进行分析。结果表明 ,大熊猫活动区海拔为 2 870~ 390 0m ,并喜欢选择竹类盖度为 5 0 %~ 10 0 % ,竹类高度 2~ 3m ,竹类生长状况好的竹林。而放牧海拔为 2 70 0~ 4 0 0 0m ,放牧对竹类的盖度、高度、生长状况没有选择性 ,为随机利用。放牧海拔与大熊猫活动海拔无显著相关。大熊猫在放牧生境活动的频率较低 ;放牧生境中竹类的成竹平均密度和竹子平均密度都低于大熊猫活动生境 ,枯死竹比例高于大熊猫活动生境。放牧强度与竹类的有、无和竹类盖度是相关联的 ,大熊猫出现与否也与放牧活动相关联 (在 95 %的置信度 ,P <0 0 5 )。放牧强度强的生境没有大熊猫活动 ,竹子的盖度也较低。由于放牧活动对竹类的生长和盖度造成影响 ,从而影响大熊猫对放牧生境的利用 ,在保护区内应采取一定的措施控制放牧活动。 相似文献
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We compared probability surfaces derived using one set of environmental variables in three Geographic Information Systems (GIS) -based approaches: logistic regression and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC), Multiple Criteria Evaluation (MCE), and Bayesian Analysis (specifically Dempster-Shafer theory). We used lynx Lynx canadensis as our focal species, and developed our environment relationship model using track data collected in Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada, during winters from 1997 to 2000. The accuracy of the three spatial models were compared using a contingency table method. We determined the percentage of cases in which both presence and absence points were correctly classified (overall accuracy), the failure to predict a species where it occurred (omission error) and the prediction of presence where there was absence (commission error). Our overall accuracy showed the logistic regression approach was the most accurate (74.51%). The multiple criteria evaluation was intermediate (39.22%), while the Dempster-Shafer (D-S) theory model was the poorest (29.90%). However, omission and commission error tell us a different story: logistic regression had the lowest commission error, while D-S theory produced the lowest omission error. Our results provide evidence that habitat modellers should evaluate all three error measures when ascribing confidence in their model. We suggest that for our study area at least, the logistic regression model is optimal. However, where sample size is small or the species is very rare, it may also be useful to explore and/or use a more ecologically cautious modelling approach (e.g. Dempster-Shafer) that would over-predict, protect more sites, and thereby minimize the risk of missing critical habitat in conservation plans . 相似文献
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岷江上游的鱼类曾有过较多的报道,但有效种的认定及种类混淆的问题至今未澄清。经调查该江段有鱼类28种。对其中6个有争议的种进行了讨论,同时述及了鱼类资源状况、影响因素及保护对策等问题。 相似文献
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综合国内外有关野生动物采集精液方法的经验资料,结合我们的试验体会,进行了总结。根据野生动物生殖生理特点、生物学特性、生存环境等,对其适宜的人工采精方法进行了探讨与研究。 相似文献
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通过对植物化石的保存及分选情况、植物体自身的抗破坏能力及分类群特征以及沉积环境的分析得出,辽东早石炭世植物群埋藏类型属原地埋藏或亚原地埋藏,其生存环境为湿热的淡水滨岸沼泽环境。 相似文献
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本文列举并梳理了有关北京猿人生存环境研究的各种不同观点,发现以往研究主要根据孢粉、动物群和沉积物三方面证据进行,通过论证作者在每方面都指出了自己支持的观点,并探讨了第7层环境研究中出现的问题,最后将三种要素反映的北京猿人生存环境变化情况基本统一。 相似文献
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