广西天南星属一新种

广西天南星属一新种刘寿养（广西中医学院,南宁５３０００１）关键词天南星属;桂西南星ＡＮＥＷＳＰＥＣＩＥＳＯＦＧＥＮＵＳＡＲＩＳＡＥＭＡＭＡＲＴ．ＦＲＯＭＧＵＡＮＧＸＩ￥ＬｉｕＳｈｏｕｙａｎｇ（ＧｕａｎｇｘｉＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＴｒａｄｉｔｉｏｎａｌＣｈ...     

桂西北早,中二叠世常么期和栖霞期Ting类动物群

桂西北早、中二叠世常么期和栖霞期Ｔｉｎｇ类十分丰富,自下而上可建立５带４亚带：１）Ｐａｍｉｒｉｎａ－Ｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ带（Ｐａｍｉｒｉｎａ ｐｕｌｉｃｈｒａｇ亚带;Ｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ ｃｕｓｈｍａｎｉ亚带）;２）Ｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ ｇｕｅｍｂｅｌｉ带;３）Ｃｈａｌａｒｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ－Ｒｏｂｕｓｔｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ带（Ｃｈａｌａｒｏｓｃｈｗａｇｅｒｉｎａ ｖｕｌｇａｒｉｓ     

桂西和黔南中三叠世珊瑚

文内描述中三叠世安尼阶(Anisian)珊瑚化石分别采自桂西田阳板纳组和黔南贵阳青岩青岩组。板纳组珊瑚群中建立Pentasmilia guangxiensisgen.etsp.nov.,该新属种有5条第一周期原生隔片甚至有5条第二周期后生隔片,以此不同于有6条第一周期原生隔片和有6条第二周期后生隔片的石珊瑚类(scleractinians)的珊瑚。产于板纳组的另一新属种Radiophyllia astylatusgen.etsp.nov.,其隔片的排列格式与前人归纳的隔片周期插入示意图甚似,但它却发生在中生代最早期(Anisian)珊瑚的骸体内。文中还对青岩组的Pamiroseris silesiaca作了重新描述。     

土壤肥力及地形因子对桂西南喀斯特山地木本植物群落的影响

基于对桂西南喀斯特山地植被的典型群落抽样调查,运用聚类分析和除趋势对应分析(DCA)对样方内胸径≥1.0 cm的木本植物进行数量分类和排序,运用除趋势典范对应分析(DCCA)探讨了土壤肥力及地形因子对木本植物群落空间分布的影响。结果表明:1)聚类分析将森林群落划分为4个类型。2)DCCA第一排序轴突出反映了土壤全氮、碱解氮含量及坡度的变化趋势,第二排序轴主要反映了海拔和全钾的变化趋势,各植物群落类型沿第一排序轴呈有规律的分布。3)在影响植物群落空间格局的因素中,土壤肥力因子对群落格局的解释能力为32.82%,地形因子的解释部分占22.54%,8.98%是土壤与地形因子耦合作用的结果,两者未能解释的部分占53.62%。群落物种多度分布主要受生物之间的相互作用和人为干扰等随机因素所影响。     

桂西北典型喀斯特区生态服务价值的环境响应及其空间尺度特征

Study on ecosystem service values (ESVs) is the bridge of understanding ecosystem and economic decision-making. To investigate the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales is an urgent work in the process of ecological restoration and sustainable development in southwest China. Based on the previous research results, the remote images, and weather data of 31 years (1975-2005), the response of ESVs to ambient environment and their spatial scales in a typical karst area of northwest Guangxi, China were evaluated with the method of empirical mode decomposition (EMD) in this paper. The results showed that ESVs had obvious variations with changes in elevation, rocky types and soil types, and had corresponding characteristics of spatial scales. The ESVs in middle and low elevation areas were higher, but they decreased due to human activities such as deforestation. The ESVs in peak-cluster depression areas were lower, and they would increase as influenced by policies such as returning farmland to forestland. The ESVs were influenced by rocky types, showing lower values but an increasing trend in the typical karst regions while higher values but a decreasing trend in non-karst regions. The average ESVs in the west part of the study region, which is not only the main nature reserve for rare wildlife species in Guangxi, but also one of the best preserved natural vegetation regions in China, were more than 15,000 RMB Yuan ha-1,. Comparatively, the ESVs were less than 10,000 Yuan ha-1 in the middle part of the region attributed to low vegetation coverage, serious peak-cluster depression and karst rocky desertification. After about 20 years, that is from 1985 to 2005, the ecosystem conditions had been improved and the ESVs had increased in the middle and eastern part of this study region. On the contrary, in most western part, which was dominated by subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, they had been worsened, and the balance values of ESVs were negative. As for the relationships of ESVs with rocky types and soil types, lime soil and red soil were the two main soil types that contributed to ESVs (The total contribution was above 60%, and it is 63.77%,64.37%,64.56%,64.91% respectively in the four years of 1985, 1990, 2000 and 2005.). The variance contribution of intrinsic mode function (IMF) and trend (R) showed that there were obvious special sales for ESVs in this study area, and the main spatial scales were about 2.7 km, 5.5 km, and 11.6 km. The variance contribution ratio was 12.29%, 11.26%, 11.49% respectively, and the trend (R) was high (17.74%). In conclusion, this study indicated that ecosystem conditions in the typical karst area were improved owing to the application of rocky desertification control policies, such as ecological migration and returning farmland to forestland. Besides, the main spatial scales of ESVs in the study area were the interactions of terrain, physiognomy, land use / land cover and human activities.     

基于林业清查资料的桂西北植被碳空间分布及其变化特征

基于2005-2010年林业资源清查数据,采用材积源生物量法,运用地理信息系统技术,估算和分析了桂西北植被碳密度及其储量的空间分布及其变化。结果显示:(1) 研究区域从2005年到2010年呈现碳汇变化趋势,植被碳储量由4.19×10⁴t增加到4.27×10⁴t(增幅为1.84%),植被碳密度从29.04t/hm²增加到29.57 t/hm²。(2) 从治理措施、林种起源方式及林种类型来看,自然保护区的植被碳密度最大,超过40 t/hm²。2005-2010年,人工植苗、直播、飞播和萌生方式植被碳密度增加,退耕还林工程的植被碳密度均呈明显增长(增加3.00 t/hm²),所有林种碳密度都呈不同程度的增长。 (3)植被碳密度空间分布上,大致表现为西部高、中东部低,北部高、南部低。西部区植被碳密度均值超过40 t/hm²,中东部区植被碳密度均值低于25 t/hm²。植被碳密度变化在空间分布上表现为无论是非喀斯特区还是喀斯特区的植被碳密度都有增长趋势,其中有7个县市植被碳密度升级为更高等级。研究表明,随着退耕还林、生态移民等治理措施的实施,区域植被碳密度显著增加,生态环境好转。     

岩性和土地利用方式对桂西北喀斯特土壤肥力的影响

选取桂西北喀斯特石灰岩和砂页岩典型土地利用方式的土壤为研究对象,揭示土地利用方式和岩性对土壤肥力的影响.选取土壤的11项肥力指标进行因子分析,并对各样地的因子得分进行PCA排序和聚类分析.因子分析将11项指标归纳为土壤的综合肥力、土壤pH和全磷、有效磷和全钾4个因子.PCA排序和聚类分析结果表明:土壤的综合肥力主要受土地利用方式的影响,撂荒有利于土壤综合肥力的提高;土壤pH和全磷主要受母岩性质的影响,沙页岩发育的红壤pH和全磷含量都低于石灰土;有效磷和全钾主要受施肥的影响.与全国总体水平相比,桂西北喀斯特石灰岩和砂页岩土壤均很缺乏有效磷和全钾.石灰土可通过施用铵态氮肥提高磷的有效性,红壤可通过施用石灰提高有效磷含量.另外,喀斯特石灰岩和红壤区都需注重施用钾肥以改善土壤肥力.     

桂西地区南亚热带落叶栎林群落组成及物种多样性研究北大核心CSCD

落叶栎林是桂西地区南亚热带的典型次生林,也是该区域落叶阔叶林的重要群系组。该研究采用典型样方法对桂西地区落叶栎林群落进行调查,分析了该区域落叶栎林群落的物种组成、区系成分、物种多样性特征及其与地形因子的关系,为桂西地区南亚热带植物多样性保护与恢复提供依据。结果显示:(1)研究区落叶栎林群落维管束植物共计269种,隶属80科178属。(2)种子植物区系以热带成分为主,同时表现出一定程度的温带过渡性质。(3)聚类分析表明,调查的落叶栎林群落可分为云南波罗栎林、栓皮栎林、白栎林、麻栎林4种林分类型,其中以白栎林群落的物种多样性最高,且灌木层的物种多样性显著高于乔木层和草本层。(4)RDA分析显示,落叶栎林群落不同层次物种多样性的差异受地形因子的影响,多样性指标与经度、纬度、海拔之间具有明显的相关性(P<0.05),其中乔木层物种多样性主要与经度、纬度呈显著的相关性,灌木层物种多样性与纬度、海拔相关,草本层物种多样性与经度、纬度、海拔之间均有相关性。     

桂西壮族饮食文化中野生食用植物的民族植物学研究

运用民族植物学方法,以广西西部的1市1区10县为研究区域,对桂西壮族饮食文化中利用野生食用植物的传统知识进行了调查和研究.结果显示:桂西壮族饮食文化中常用的野生食用植物有46科102种,其中菊科(Asteraceae)种类最多(13种),其次为苋科(Amaranthaceae)、伞形科(Umbelliferae)、蔷薇科(Rosaceae)和豆科(Leguminosae)(各6种).食用部位常为嫩枝叶、果实、全株、花、根和茎等,其中,食用部位为嫩枝叶的种类最多(48种),食用部位为根和茎的种类最少(8种),食用部位为果实、全株和花的种类分别有18、17和11种.食用方法有炒、煮汤、生食、凉拌、水煮、茶饮、上汤和配菜等,常见的食用方法为炒和煮汤.采摘时间主要为春季和夏季,部分种类可全年采食.不同区域的壮族民众对野生食用植物的选择具有随机性,主要依据方便、易得、适用、无污染等标准进行选择,且生活在不同区域、不同环境的壮族民众对野生食用植物的选择具有较明显差异.综合分析结果表明:桂西壮族民众拥有丰富的利用野生食用植物的传统知识,具有食用植物种类丰富、食用部位多样、食用方法多样等特点,形成了富有民族特色的饮食文化.此外,根据研究结果,对桂西壮族特色饮食文化的保护和传承进行了探讨,并对当地野生食用植物资源的可持续利用提出了一些建议.     

桂西南中越边境地区的蛇类

广西西南部中越边境地区现已知有蛇类5科66种,其中黑头海蛇（Hydrophis melanocephalus)为广西蛇类新纪录。腹斑水蛇(Enhydris bocourti)在该地区的分布纪录应为可疑记录,需作进一步调查。