Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

水洞沟遗址的环境与地层

水洞沟第四纪地层可与萨拉乌苏河组上段对比。水洞沟遗址包含有新石器和旧石器晚期文化,其旧石器晚期文化发生在距今20,000多年至10,000多年间的黄土状粉砂土中,即发生在末次冰期主冰期的干冷环境下,比发育在距今约35,000—50,000年间的萨拉乌苏河旧石器文化为晚。     

广东南雄盆地古新世早期孢粉组合

引言根据中国科学院和西德Max-Plank协会的合作课题“上白垩统,特别是白垩系-第三系交界的全球事件”的陆相部分项目,由中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所、南京地质古生物研究所和西德波恩大学古生物研究所组成的综合考察队,分别于1983和1984年9—10月,在广东南雄盆地进行野外工作。我们在南雄盆地的杨梅坑-大塘、堂田-飒门垭、百花潭-武台岗以及南雄县附近的古子坑剖面,采集了近500层孢粉样品。在大塘剖面的南雄组、上湖和罗佛寨组中获得了孢粉化石。其中南雄组中的化石孢粉极少,达不到化石孢粉组合的统计     

桂林甑皮岩洞穴遗址第四纪孢粉分析

本文对桂林甑皮岩洞穴古人类遗址的文化层堆积物和钙华板系统采样进行孢粉分析研究,分析了当时的植被演替和气候变化、古人类的生活环境以及文化层和钙华板形成的地质时代。     

新疆温泉煤田早、中侏罗世孢粉组合及其地层意义*

新疆温泉煤田艾肯拜尔段和柯克它乌组的孢粉化石,计有42属59种.根据孢粉类型和含量变化等特征,建立2个孢粉组合(自下而上):1. Dictyophyllidites-Chordasporites-Jugasporites 组合;2. Cyathidites-Neoraistrickia-Pseudopicea 组合.第一组合产于艾肯拜尔段,时代可能为早侏罗世,第二组合产于柯克它乌组,时代暂定为早、中侏罗世.根据孢粉组合反映的植物群面貌是:裸子植物非常茂盛,其中以松柏纲为主,蕨类植物较少(包括真蕨纲植物);反映的古气候属于温暖湿润的亚热带型.     

南京紫金山现代植被表土孢粉的初步研究

 选择南京紫金山现代植被进行植被调查和表土孢粉分析。结合中国东部不同气候带下的几个地点表土孢粉分析,把孢粉百分含量、孢粉组合及孢粉优势种、标志种与植被的各项参数进行对比,找出植被与孢粉之间的关系。为恢复古植被、古生态和古气候提供科学依据。     

论新疆北部晚石炭世早期（Bashkirian—Moscovian）具肋花粉优势（GSPD）…

传统观念认为ＧＳＰＤ组合始于中二叠世孔谷期,据新疆等地资料证实此类组合的出现要早得多。准噶尔盆地在Ｐｒｏｆｏｓｕｌｉｎｅｌｌａ－Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｓｔａｆｆｅｌｌａ带之下和相当层位的晚石炭世早期地层中存在两个孢粉组合,即（１）早巴什基尔期巴塔玛依内山组的Ｒｅｍｙｓｐｏｒｉｔｅｓ＾＊ｕａｒｉｃｕｓ－Ｓｔｒｉａｔｏｌｅ－ｂａｃｈｉｔｔｅｓ ｊｕｎｇｇａｒｅｎｓｉｓ组合（Ｐｒｏ－ＧＳＰＤ）和（２）中晚巴什基尔