天然可降解性生物医学材料的研究进展

引言 在生物医学材料中天然可降解性生物材料的研究近年来进展迅速,已引起人们的广泛关注及足够的重视。早在1976年美国医疗器械(Medical device)法规颁布以来,胶原蛋白的产品则划归为医疗器械之列,随后由胶原蛋白所形成的产品达近十种。因此,它作为一种生物医学材料,不仅业已被人们所认识而且不断地向工业化发展。几丁聚糖在工农业生产中应用甚广。在医学领域中,用其制成     

The Materials Revolution

In the final essay of this series the gaps between biology and engineering are examined, and methods are suggested for crossing them. Creativity is seen as the essential, and TRIZ （the Russian Theory of Inventive Problem Solving） is recommended as the best set of methods both for stimulating creativity and for solving technical problems. When the catalogue of Inventive Principles of TRIZ is used to bring biology and technology to the same level of detail, the comparison shows that the similarity is only about 12%. The differences largely reside in the reliance of energy as a controlling parameter in conventional technology and the replacement of energy by information in biological systems. Although we might be moving slowly in this direction, a numerically based comparison such as this should provide more impetus.     

组织工程支架材料

用于组织工程支架构建的生物材料,分为胶原、多糖、无机及生物衍生物等天然材料和聚酯、聚氨基酸、聚乙二醇等人工合成可生物降解材料两大类,此文分别对它们的研究进行了综述。     

AIMS AND SCOPE

The Journal of Bionic Engineering publishes original research papers and reviews on all aspects of bionic science and engineering including fundamental understandings of animals and plants for bionic engineering, such as locomotion and behaviors of animals, structures, composites, morphology and physical properties of plants and natural materials, applications of such understandings in engineering, technology and designs.     

Making a Mechanical Organism Being the fourth in a series of essays on the materials of nature

Most multicellular organisms can be categorised by two words： hierarchy and composite. The underlying fractal geometry of nature - at least in terms of provision of infrastructure - provides much of the hierarchy, although many materials for which infrastructure is not an integral factor are also strongly hierarchical. Plants can therefore be modelled using recursive computer programs which add structures as the size increases. However, problems with mechanical stability also increase as the structure grows, so the plant changes from deriving stiffness from intevaal pressure to cross-linking the cell wall components permanently. However, this compromises the ability of the plant to grow and repair itself.