“多谋”与“善断”

在新的课程标准要求下的生物教学实践过程中，学生对概念、原理的领会，不能只停留在表面，要从字里行间，众多的现象中，抓住要点，深入本质，立足教材，多角度、多方位地分析和思考，才能去伪存真，由表及里地作出准确判断，得出正确结论。     

小克银汉霉核糖体DNAPCR扩增产物的限制性片段长度多型性

应用一对寡苷酸引物ＩＴＳ１与ＩＴＳ４对核ＤＮＡＧ＋Ｃ百分数小于３０％的小克银汉霉属的核糖体ＤＮＡ（ｒＤＮＡ）内转录间区（ＩＴＳ）进行了扩增。测试的属于１０个种和变种的２２株菌都得到了扩增产物，在同属不同种之间扩增的ＩＴＳ片段长度有巨大差别。据此可分为三组。这三组所含分类群数及其ＤＮＡ长度 ：第一组４种１变种，小于７６４碱基对；第二组２种，７６５－８２４ｂｐ；第三组２种１变种，大于８２５ｂｐ。所研究     

等效电流极模型的脑电分析以及AD诊断中的应用

80年代以来，基于脑电图进行无创性病灶定位的研究，特别是基于等效电流极子定位法，得到了相当的发展并已经投入到正式的临床应用之中，因此等效电流极子模型在脑电图分析中逐步得到了广泛地应用。本文介绍并分析了等效电流极子模型在脑电分析以及阿尔滋海默病症（Alzheimer‘s Disease，简称AD）诊断中的应用状况。     

基于矿物元素指纹分析技术的中国北方大豆产地溯源研究

目的：寻找中国北方相似地域大豆产地的溯源特性指标，以提高矿物元素指纹分析技术在大豆产地溯源方面应用的准确性和稳定性。方法：利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定来自中国东北和西北地区5个主要大豆主产省区的159份大豆样品中12种矿物元素（Mg、Al、P、K、Ca、Mn、Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn、Rb、Sr）的含量。结果：利用主成分分析对大豆产地进行初步分类，但除黑龙江外，其他产地并不能进行良好地区分，进一步利用多层感知器建立产地分类模型。训练子集、测试子集和保持子集的正确预测率分别为100.0%、92.3%和94.4%，可有效地对中国北方地区5个产地进行分类。结论：本研究可为我国大豆产地溯源体系的建立提供科学依据。     

Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

下丘脑外侧区注射TRH对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响

本文采用连续收集胃腔灌流法,观察下丘脑外侧区(LHA)注射促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响,并分析TRH在LHA促进胃酸分泌的作用机制。结果表明:(1)LHA注射TRH(1μg)明显地刺激胃酸分泌;(2)预先向LHA注射酚妥拉明(10μg)、美多心安(5μg)及胃泌素抗体1μl(1:640)并不影响TRH的泌酸作用,如预先向LHA注射阿托品(5μg)则可消除TRH的泌酸效应;(3)垂体摘除及肾上腺切除均不影响TRH的泌酸作用;(4)隔下迷走神经切断后,LHA注入TRH的泌酸效应仍然出现,但持续时间显著缩短;腹腔交感神经节摘除后,TRH仍能促进胃酸分泌,但分泌量少而平稳。以上结果提示:LHA是TRH中枢泌酸效应的有关结构之一,其中枢机制是通过胆碱能M受体中介的,腹腔交感神经节和膈下迷走神经是TRH泌酸效应的传出途径。前者引起的泌酸反应出现较早且引起泌酸高峰,但持续时间短;后者则引起低平的持续分泌。     

广西种子植物小资料

几年来,我所在中草药资源调查工作中,发现一些我国及广西未曾记录过的植物,现整理成文,以供有关部门参考。本文引用的标本均收藏在广西中医药研究所植物标本室(GXMI)。 山椒子水番挑(博白)番落技科Annonaceae Uvar花a grandiflora Roxb.in FI.Ind.2:665.1524;李秉滔,植物分类学报14(1):98.2976,蒋英,李秉滔,中国植物志30(2):26,图版10. 1979。 广西东南部:博白县,浪平公社,水库边1971年5月9日,王鉴均2247外北流县,隆盛公社,天堂,坡地疏林中,1977年9月26日北流调查队8一44口7。 分布:广东南部,广西东南部;印度、缅甸、泰国、越南、马来…     

黄山北草核的核型和G带带型研究

本文研究了北草晰的核型和G带带型,结果表明,北草蝴的染色体数2。二38,由18对常染色休和 1对性染色休组成．常染色体可分成三组：1组有2对染色体;11组包括15对染色体;而川组仅含 1对微小染色体。性染色体为ZW型．这个种的染色体均为端部着丝粒,其AN二38包括1对Z染色 体）,从核型特征上看,可能是晰蝎类中较原始的种。从G带显示结果可见,北草晰的各染色体对均有 其特有的带型,容易辨别。     

红豆草组织培养物的超低温保存及其超微结构的观察

红豆草(Onobrychis viciaefolia Scop.)组织培养物在5%DMSO+10%甘油+8%蔗糖的冰冻保护剂及以1℃/分钟的速度降温到-35—-40℃,停留2小时后,投入液氮,40℃水浴快速化冻等条件下,存活率达60—70%,并保持了高的分化能力。电子显微镜的观察结果表明,快速冰冻和1℃/分钟慢速冰冻至-35℃—40℃不停留,对细胞结构造成严重的致死性破坏;-35℃停留30分钟对细胞结构的损伤是可逆性的;停留2小时的其超微结构基本上与对照材料无明显差别。     

眼子菜属、角果藻属和水麦冬属花粉形态的研究

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜,对我国眼子菜属、角果藻属和水麦冬属1 9种植物的花粉形态进行了研究。在对比观察的基础上,总结了各属的特征,归纳了眼子菜属的花粉类型,并讨论了一些有关分类的问题。