Fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi along different aspect in degraded grassland

Aims Fractal root system is phenotypic plasticity result of plant root architecture to respond to environmental heterogeneity, may reflect the growth strategy of plants to adapt to environmental conditions. Our objective was to explore the relationship between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance of fractal root system of Melica przewalskyi population in response to aspect variation in the northwest of China. Methods The study site was located in a degraded alpine grassland on the northern slope in Qilian Mountains, Gansu Province, China. Survey and sampling were carried out at 40 plots which were set up along four slope aspects transects with 20 m distance between adjacent plots. Handheld GPS was used to determine the elevation, longitude and latitude of each plot. ArcGIS was used to set up digital elevation model (DEM). Community traits were investigated and six individuals roots of M. przewalskyi were collected randomly at each plot. The samples were cleaned and divided into different organs, then scanning the root with the Win-RHIZO for measurements of fractal dimension and fractal abundance in laboratory, and their biomass were then measured after being dried at 80 °C in an oven. Important findings With the slope aspect turned from north to east, west, and south, the density, height and soil moisture content of the plant community displayed a pattern of initial decline, the height, density, root fractal abundance of M. przewalskyi increased and the root fractal dimension decreased. The root fractal dimension was negatively associated with the fractal abundance in all aspects, but the relationship varied along the slope aspects gradient; there was a highly significant negative correlation (p < 0.01) between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance at north slope and south slope aspect, whereas the correlation only reached a significant level (p < 0.05) at the east slope aspect and west slope aspect; indicating that there is a trade-off between the root fractal dimension and fractal abundance. In addition, when the slope aspect changed from north to east, west and south, the standardized major axis (SMA) slope of the regression equation in the scaling relationships between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance increased (p < 0.05), indicating that the roots of M. przewalskyi at the droughty southern slope have less branch and more sparse in the same soil volume of root exploitation and utilization. Consequently, the resource allocation pattern on reasonable trade-off between root fractal dimension and fractal abundance in different slope aspect of M. przewalskyi, reflects the relationship between the income and the cost of construction of plant root architecture.     

白背飞虱种群动态关联分析及预测模型的研究

根据灰色系统关联分析的基本原理,提出了白背飞虱种群动态的加权关联度预测法。衢县早稻后期白背飞虱发生量与历年6月25～30日平均百丛虫量X_1（t）、同期若虫比例X_2（t）、迟熟品种比例X_3（t）、6月下旬水分积分指数X_4（t）和平均气温X_5（t）等因素的关联序为：X_2（t）＞X_1（t）＞X_3（t）＞X_5（t）＞X_4（t）。据此建立的加权关联度预测模型,经12年资料回测和试报验证,结果令人满意。     

霍山三种石斛与其栽培土壤中微量元素分布关系研究

本文应用灰色系统理论,对安徽霍山三种石斛与其栽培土壤中15种微量元素分布状况进行了关联分析．结果发现.其关联序为γ_根＞γ_叶＞γ_茎;γ_(-年茎)≈γ_(二年茎)≈γ_(三年茎);γ_(霍斛)＞γ_(铁斛)＞γ_(铜斛).可见霍山石斛与其栽培土壤间的微量元素相关性比其它石斛强,因而可通过增施微肥的办法来提高霍山石解中某些人体必需微量元素的含量．     

马克斯克鲁维酵母GX-UN120糖转运蛋白基因的克隆及表征

【背景】马克斯克鲁维酵母(Kluyveromyces marxianus)具有完整的木糖代谢途径,可以高效利用木质纤维素中的木糖,因此对其糖转运蛋白基因的研究或可有效解决酵母木糖转运的相关问题。【目的】根据马克斯克鲁维酵母DMKU3-1042中KLMA＿70145和KLMA＿80101基因位点的功能预测,获得马克斯克鲁维酵母GX-UN120相应的糖转运蛋白基因序列并探究其功能。【方法】将转运蛋白基因分别克隆表达至酿酒酵母EBY.VW4000中考察重组菌株生长特性,以此间接评价对应转运蛋白的转运能力。【结果】Km＿SUT2基因编码的糖转运蛋白可有效提高宿主细胞转运木糖、阿拉伯糖、山梨糖、核糖、乳糖和葡萄糖的能力,但却不能转运甘露糖、果糖、蔗糖和半乳糖。类似地,Km＿SUT3基因编码的糖转运蛋白可提高细胞转运木糖、阿拉伯糖、山梨糖、半乳糖、核糖、乳糖和葡萄糖的能力,但却不能转运甘露糖和果糖。然而在葡萄糖存在的条件下,重组菌株对各种碳源的利用均受抑制,但Km＿SUT3转运木糖和核糖过程中受葡萄糖的抑制作用较小。【结论】马克斯克鲁维酵母GX-UN120中转运蛋白Km＿SUT2和Km＿SUT3可...     

基于谱效关联分析挖掘艾叶挥发油抑菌的质量标志物CSCD

基于谱效关联分析筛选艾叶挥发油抑菌活性的质量标志物(Q-markers)。采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取得到艾叶挥发油,选择气相-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)构建15批艾叶挥发油样品的指纹图谱,进行热图、聚类分析;检测不同批次艾叶挥发油对白色念珠菌、大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性;并采用灰色关联分析及单体成分验证实验筛选艾叶挥发油质量标志物。GC-MS检测鉴定出49种化学成分,主要为单萜类、倍半萜类及其氧化物。指纹图谱筛选出17个共有峰,包括桉树脑、樟脑和龙脑等,相似度在0.96~0.99。聚类分析结果可将不同产区艾叶分为两类。相对含量较高且热图显示差异较大的成分有桉树脑、樟脑、龙脑、松油醇。15批次艾叶挥发油对白色念珠菌抑菌圈在9.00~11.56 mm;对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈在9.33~12.44 mm;对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈在9.33~12.89 mm。灰色关联分析结果表明艾叶挥发油抑菌活性的潜在质量标志物是桉树脑、樟脑和龙脑。单体抑菌实验结果表明除桉树脑外与灰色关联分析结果基本一致。因此筛选出艾叶挥发油抑菌活性的质量标志物为樟脑和龙脑。     

基于分数阶微分技术的土壤水盐信息高光谱反演

准确高效获取土壤水盐信息是盐碱地改良和可持续利用的前提。本研究以地面野外高光谱反射率和实测土壤水盐含量为数据源,利用分数阶微分(FOD)技术对原始光谱反射率进行步长为0.25的处理,从光谱数据与土壤水盐信息相关性层面筛选FOD阶数,构建二维光谱指数,采用支持向量机回归(SVR)和地理加权回归(GWR)建立土壤水盐含量反演模型并进行验证。结果表明：FOD技术可以在一定程度上减弱高光谱噪声并挖掘潜在光谱信息,提高高光谱反射率与土壤含水量(SMC)、pH值和含盐量的相关性,相关系数最高分别提升0.98、1.35和0.33。与一维光谱相比,FOD结合二维光谱指数筛选的特征波段组合对SMC、pH值和含盐量的响应更敏感,分别以1.5、1.0和0.75阶为最优,其中,SMC最大相关系数绝对值的最佳组合波段为570、1000、1010、1020、1330和2140 nm; pH值为550、1000、1380和2180 nm;含盐量为600、990、1600和1710 nm。相较于原始光谱反射率,SMC、pH值和含盐量最优阶次估算模型验证决定系数(R_p²)最高...     

维螨科—新种和巨螯螨科—新纪录──（蜱螨亚纲：中气门亚目）

１９５９年４月在吉林省大安县安广,从黑线仓鼠巢采得维螨科一新种,命名为楔形维螨,新种Ｖｅｉｇａｉａｃｕｎｅａｔａｓｐ．ｎｏｖ。同年９月在该县合力从小家鼠巢采得巨螯螨科１中国新纪录,糙裂雕盾螨Ｇｌｙｐｔｈｏｌａｓｐｉｓａｓｐｅｒｒｉｍａ（Ｂｅｒｌｅｓｅ,１９０５）。     

多组多滞后区间系数定常非线性关联控制大系统的结构与关联鲁棒镇定(I)

建立了多组多滞后区间系数定常非线性控制系统的结构概念,采用鲁棒镇定的等价法,给出了具有扰动结构参数的多组多滞后区问系数定常非线性关联控制大系统的结构与关联鲁棒镇定,同时给出了扰动参数与滞后非线性项界线的估价公式。     

Renyi广义熵的局限性

本文解释Renyi广义熵的定义和意义,讨论各阶广义熵同artrey最大熵、Shannon信息熵和Renyi关联熵间的对应关系。最后,以DNA碱基序列为例计算非记忆和记忆信息源有序化和记忆化的信息量,并指出Renyi广义熵的局限性和应用范围。     

生物实验数据的某些非线性分析方法

简要介绍常用的非线性动力学参量,结合生物学实验数据的特点,给出几种最新的分析方法.