The Gut–Brain Axis and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors in the Regulation of Epileptogenesis

Journal of Evolutionary Biochemistry and Physiology - A large proportion of patients with epilepsy suffer from pharmacoresistant forms of the disease, and this makes the search for new treatments...     

Neonatal Exposure to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Affects Behavior and Expression of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors in the Hippocampus of Adult Rats after Psychogenic Trauma

Biochemistry (Moscow) - According to the two-hit hypothesis of psychoneuropathology formation, infectious diseases and other pathological conditions occurring during the critical periods of early...     

Analysis of toxicity and biocompatibility of chitosan derivatives with different physico-chemical properties

A comparative study of the toxicity and hemocompatibility of chitosan and its derivatives with different acetylation degrees, molecular masses, charges, and hydrophobicity has been performed. It has been shown that only positively charged chitosan derivatives activate platelets and suppress cell proliferation, regardless of the acetylation degree, molecular mass, and hydrophobicity. Chitosan quaternization decreases toxicity at a low degree of substitution and abruptly increases it at a high one. Negatively charged chitosan derivatives were nontoxic and compatible with blood components. It was concluded that the toxicity of chitosan and its derivatives is defined by their charge and solubility at a neutral pH.     

Effect of superlow quantities of hydrogen peroxide on water base of solutions

In was shown previously that cations in superlow concentrations strongly change the integral characteristics of the state of the solution water component. The role of the structure of the water component in this process was examined using a model of hydrogen peroxide transformation in water. The dispersion rates of the transmission factors for nine regions of the IR spectrum were analyzed in hydrogen peroxide solutions of different superlow concentrations having the Makhalanobis criteria maximal and close to the standard, which indicate the integral state of the water component in the presence of this substance.     

Fluctuations of pass band coefficients of water and water salt solutions in the spectral infrared region

The effect of superlow concentrations of KCl and CaCl2 solutions, obtained by diluting starting 1 M solutions of these salts 10(9)-10(15) times, on the fluctuations of pass band coefficients of water was studied. It was found that these solutions are substantially distinguished from bidistilled water by a high intensity of fluctuations of spectra in the infrared region. It was also shown that higher concentrations of solutions of these salts (at dilutions less than 10(8) times) have no strong and specific effect on fluctuations of the infrared spectrum: the intensity of fluctuations of the infrared spectra of these solutions practically coincides with that of control water. Possible reasons for this effect are discussed.     

Comparative study of the "membrane reserve" of blood cells of reptiles and mammals

Based on the method of hypoosmotic loads, the value of membrane reserve and its use by blood cells of reptiles and mammals have been studied. It has been shown that lymphocytes of the both animal species have the highest reserve of plasmalemma, while frog heterophils - the lowest one. A significantly lower part of the membrane reserve participates in formation of phagosomes by mammalian neutrophils as compared with amphibian erythrocytes.     

Interactions of chitosan and its derivatives with cells (review)

Mechanisms of interaction between chitosan, various macromolecules or drug delivery systems and mammalian cells are reviewed. Modernly the role of different physicochemical properties of chitosan and chitosan nanoparticles on the mechanisms of cell bunding, endocytosis and redistribution are poorly understood.     

Impairments of conditioned behavior in adult rats induced by interleukine-1beta treatment in early postnatal ontogenesis

Impairments of cognitive functions in children and adolescents are often consequences ofperinatal pathology (natal injuries, ischemia, hypoxia, infection and allergic diseases), which are accompanied by enhanced production ofproinflammatory cytokine interleukine-1beta. In this work it was shown that treatment with interleukine-1beta during the third week of life impaired active and passive avoidance conditioning in adult rats at the age of 60-70 days.