Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus vFLIP promotes MEndT to generate hybrid M/E state for tumorigenesis

Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative and invasive tumor caused by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). The cellular origin of KS tumor cells remains contentious. Recently, evidence has accrued indicating that KS may arise from KSHV-infected mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) through mesenchymal-to-endothelial transition (MEndT), but the transformation process has been largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the KSHV-mediated MEndT process and found that KSHV infection rendered MSCs incomplete endothelial lineage differentiation and formed hybrid mesenchymal/endothelial (M/E) state cells characterized by simultaneous expression of mesenchymal markers Nestin/PDGFRA/α-SAM and endothelial markers CD31/PDPN/VEGFR2. The hybrid M/E cells have acquired tumorigenic phenotypes in vitro and the potential to form KS-like lesions after being transplanted in mice under renal capsules. These results suggest a homology of KSHV-infected MSCs with Kaposi’s sarcoma where proliferating KS spindle-shaped cells and the cells that line KS-specific aberrant vessels were also found to exhibit the hybrid M/E state. Furthermore, the genetic analysis identified KSHV-encoded FLICE inhibitory protein (vFLIP) as a crucial regulator controlling KSHV-induced MEndT and generating hybrid M/E state cells for tumorigenesis. Overall, KSHV-mediated MEndT that transforms MSCs to tumorigenic hybrid M/E state cells driven by vFLIP is an essential event in Kaposi’s sarcomagenesis.     

Effects of the <Emphasis Type="Italic">purL</Emphasis> Gene Expression Level on the Competitive Nodulation Ability of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sinorhizobium fredii</Emphasis>

Purine pathway in Rhizobium is important during the nodulation processes. The purL gene in Sinorhizobium fredii (S. fredii) has been identified to be required for the whole establishment of a nitrogen-fixing nodule. To get a better understanding of the purL gene’s impacts on Rhizobium–plant interaction, the competitive nodulation abilities of S. fredii containing different purL expression plasmids were studied. Several kinds of coinoculations were performed, including using different bacterial concentration ratios, with or without the supplementation of purine source in the plant nutrient solution, and the delayed coinoculation tests. The results indicated that the competitive nodule occupancy of S. fredii was affected significantly by the purL expression level during the early nodulation periods. The mutant strain containing no purL expression could not elicit competitive nodules both in the presence and absence of purine source. A positive linear correlation within certain limits was observed between strain’s competitive nodule occupancy and purL gene expression level. All these results suggested that the purL gene played a role in the competitive nodulation of S. fredii.     

蚜虫不同分类阶元之间遗传距离的RAPD-PCR研究(英文)

应用RAPD PCR技术研究了蚜虫不同分类阶元的遗传距离。从 2 0种随机引物中筛选出 7种引物 ,并用它们的扩增结果进行Nei’s的遗传距离的计算和聚类分析。结果表明 :蚜虫的遗传距离在不同科之间为 0 .56 6 3± 0 .0 6 89,亚科之间为 0 .4 586± 0 .0 2 142 ,属之间为 0 .3816± 0 .0 375,种之间为 0 .2 975±0 0 6 2 7,同一种的不同种群之间为 0 .0 4 33± 0 .0 2 2 2。同时 ,本研究结果为在DNA水平上研究蚜虫的分化和种的鉴定 ,尤其是对于近缘种的鉴定具有重要的价值。     

河南西峡盆地晚白垩世含恐龙蛋地层中的介形类

河南西峡盆地含恐龙蛋地层高沟组、马家村组和寺沟组共发现介形类13属(亚属)20种,其中高沟组和寺沟组的介形类为首次报道.文章重点讨论了介形类Talicyridea动物群,其中Talicypridea,Altanicypris,Ruficypris和Lunicypris属的地质历程均限于晚白垩世.依据Talicyprid...     

河南方城下寒武统辛集组的两种腹足类化石

本文对采自河南方城杨楼剖面下寒武统辛集组的腹足类化石进行了研究,由于发现了一些在分类上较为重要的构造和壳饰特征,故而对以往的描述作了补充和修正。     

香蜜儿的组织培养与快速繁殖

1植物名称香蜜儿（Boronia heterophylla F.Muell.）。2材料类别茎段。3培养条件基本培养基为MS。（1）启动培养基（初代培养基）：MS＋6-BA2.0mg·L-1（单位下同）＋NAA0.2;（2）增殖培养基：MS＋6-BA1.0＋NAA0.1;（3）生根培养基：1/2MS＋NAA0.2＋IBA0.3＋2,4-D0.01。     

短双歧杆菌和嗜酸性乳杆菌对小鼠抗肿瘤活性的激活作用

用活的短双歧杆菌,嗜酸性乳杆菌和BCG给昆明小鼠腹腔注射,在原位激活后,由肝脏分离的非实质性细胞(NPC)对YAC-1,P815和L929的细胞毒性作用,以及NPC和Kupffer(KC)培养上清中所显示出对三株瘤细胞的肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)活性都比对照组明显增强。其次,胸腺细胞和脾细胞对ConA刺激的增殖反应也明显增强。实验结果表明双歧杆菌和乳杆菌在小鼠体内诱发抗肿瘤活性的启动能力与BCG几乎相等。     

传递细胞——物质短途运输中起作用的特化细胞

传递细胞广泛存在于植物界的各种群。传递细胞的分化主要与器官的发育程度以及转运物质的供应有关。当植物某个部位所需的运输速率远高于溶质正常跨膜运输速率时,在此部位就可能有传递细胞。传递细胞最基本的特征是细胞壁向内突起生长（壁内突）并与质膜共同形成壁膜器。壁内突从形态上可划分为2种类型：网状内突和肋状内突。大多数传递细胞壁内突的发育在沿着溶质流动的方向表现出极性。传递细胞的胞质一般比周围薄壁组织细胞浓,胞内富含线粒体和内膜分泌系统细胞器如内质网、高尔基体、小囊泡等。传递细胞在物质的短途运输中起作用。玉米胚乳传递细胞可能还具有防御病原微生物进入胚乳和胚的功能。本文就传递细胞的种类和特性、结构和功能、形成机制和诱导因素,以及基因表达调控等方面的研究进展做介绍。     

二叠纪枝脉蕨型真蕨植物一新属——Lixotheca gen. nov.

根据生殖器官类型,继将二叠枝脉蕨(cladophlebis permica Lee et Wang)的华南标本改归天石蕨属(Szea)之后,为该种的华北标本另建了-新的属名——李氏蕨属(Lixotheca),并再次表述了该种华南标本改归Szea的理由.根据对孢子囊群、孢子囊及孢子结构的研究,认为Lixotheca归入膜蕨科的理由是较为充分的.而Szea则应被归入里白科.