Pattern analysis of stem cell differentiation during <Emphasis Type="Italic">in vitro Arabidopsis</Emphasis> organogenesis

Plant somatic cells have the capability to switch their cell fates from differentiated to undifferentiated status under proper culture conditions, which is designated as totipotency. As a result, plant cells can easily regenerate new tissues or organs from a wide variety of explants. However, the mechanism by which plant cells have such remarkable regeneration ability is still largely unknown. In this study, we used a set of meristem-specific marker genes to analyze the patterns of stem cell differentiation in the processes of somatic embryogenesis as well as shoot or root organogenesis in vitro. Our studies furnish preliminary and important information on the patterns of the de novo stem cell differentiation during various types of in vitro organogenesis.     

厚壳贻贝whirlin类贝壳基质蛋白的重组表达与功能分析

贝壳历来是生物工程和材料学研究的重要对象。贝壳中的贝壳基质蛋白质在贝壳的形成与发育过程中具有重要的调控作用。Whirlin类蛋白质(Whirlin-like protein,WLP)是一种从厚壳贻贝(Mytilus coruscus)中鉴定的新型贝壳基质蛋白质。序列分析结果显示,该蛋白质含有PDZ(postsynaptic density/Discs large/Zonula occludens)结构域,而该结构域对贝壳生物矿化的影响目前尚无报道。为深入了解WLP在贝壳形成中对碳酸钙晶体的影响,在序列分析基础上,采用密码子优化结合原核重组表达,获得其重组表达产物后,开展了重组WLP对碳酸钙晶体形貌及晶型的影响研究,结晶速度抑制以及碳酸钙晶体结合分析。分析结果表明,重组WLP能诱导文石型碳酸钙晶体的形貌和方解石型碳酸钙晶体的晶型发生改变;同时重组WLP对碳酸钙晶体具有结合作用,且能抑制碳酸钙晶体的结晶速度。上述结果表明,WLP对贝壳的形成及发育具有重要影响,并可能在贝壳肌棱柱层的形成中发挥了重要作用。     

DIFFERENCES IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INSECTICIDES BETWEEN ADULTS AND LARVAE OF HOUSEFLY, MUSCA DOMESTICA (L.)

Abstract  In this paper, we reported the differences in susceptibility to insecticides between adults and larvae of housefly, Musca domestica (L.), and the mechanisms for the differences. The larvae of housefly were much more tolerant to insecticides than the adults, and the tolerance ratio to cyhalothrin was as high as 205.5 for susceptible strain. Mechanism studies showed that higher GST activity was associated with higher insecticide tolerance in the larvae. The co-toxicity coefficient of the mixture of cyhalothrin and methylene dithiocyanate(4:1) on pyrehid-resistant houseflies was 188.     

低通气量呼吸对犬左空心肌收缩性的影响

大量的研究表明,急性呼吸衰竭时多伴有心血管功能的损害,但有关急性呼吸衰竭对于左室心肌收缩性的影响所知甚少。本文对开胸麻醉犬在低通气引起呼吸衰竭时,左室心肌收缩性的变化进行了观测和分析。结果表明,在实验组(n=9)低通气呼吸(通气量小于160ml/min/kg,PaO_2小于60mmHg)时,心率(HR)、主动脉平均压(MOP)、左室收缩峰压(LV-SP)、左室内压最大上升速率(dP/dt_(max))、节段心肌发展张力(DT)及其最大发展速率(dT/dt_(max))均显著降低,心肌开始收缩至dp/dt_(max)的时间(t-dp/dt_(max))和至dT/dt_(max)的时间(t-dT/dt_(max))则显著增加,与低通气呼吸前比较均有统计学差异。而在对照组(n=5)保持正常通气(通气量大于450ml/min/kg,PaO_2大于70mmHg),观察45min,未见上述指标有明显改变。本研究表明,急性呼吸衰竭时左室心肌收缩性严重受损。     

生长抑素可预防链佐霉素诱发的大鼠胰岛 B 细胞分泌功能的损伤

本工作通过测定大鼠血清、胰腺灌流液以及肤腺组织中胰岛素含量,观察生长抑素(SS)对链佐霉素(STZ)诱发的实验性糖尿病的作用。结果如下:皮下注射生理盐水后10min,再向腹腔注射链佐霉素(35mg/kg),24h 后大鼠血清胰岛素浓度明显降低。胰腺组织匀浆中的胰岛素含量也明显减少。如若在注射链佐霉素前10min 皮下注射生长抑素,则可有效地防止上述两项指标的改变,(NS STZ)和(SS STZ)两组之间具有显著差异。单独注射生长抑素,24h 后血清胰岛素及胰腺组织中胰岛素含量与正常对照无明显差异。用分离的大鼠胰腺作体外灌流,观察到:NS STZ 组大鼠灌流胰腺对19.7mmol/L 的高浓度葡萄糖刺激无胰岛素释放反应,而 SS STZ 组大鼠的胰腺对高浓度葡萄糖有反应性,刺激后出现胰岛素分泌峰。上述结果表明,SS(30μg/kg)预防性注射可以防止 STZ 引起的胰岛 B 细胞分泌功能的障碍。     

20-羟蜕皮素对家蚕后部丝腺细胞超微结构的影响

应用超薄切片和电镜技术,详细观察了蜕皮激素(MH)对家蚕Bombyx mori后部丝腺细胞超微结构的影响.电镜观察表明,家蚕后部丝腺细胞对MH处理极为敏感.一经MH处理,其细胞核的形态结构和细胞质中各种细胞器的发生、发展都呈现出明显的变化,并且与MH处理时期及剂量有关:五龄前期适量MH(4μg/头)处理,能促进与丝蛋白合成有关细胞器的形成与发展,加速腺细胞的成熟生长;较高剂量(8—16μg/头)处理,则导致自噬体的过早发生.五龄中、后期MH处理,一方面促进了粗面内质网等细胞器的进一步发达,另一方面也提高了自噬体的发生数量;处理剂量越高,后一种倾向越突出.这些结果证明,后部丝腺细胞超微结构的变化受MH调节.