IL1RN promotes osteoblastic differentiation via interacting with ITGB3 in osteoporosis

The occurrence and progress of osteoporosis(OP)are partially caused by impaired osteoblast differentiation.Interleukin-I receptor antagonist(IL1RN)is an immune ...     

线虫区系分析指示土壤食物网结构和功能研究进展

土壤食物网结构复杂,功能众多,直接测定土壤食物网各功能群生物量并结合数学模型来推断土壤食物网结构和功能,工作量大且分析过程繁琐。线虫生态学的发展为土壤食物网的研究开辟了一条新的思路,即利用线虫区系分析来定性推断食物网的结构和功能。线虫作为土壤中数量最丰富的后生动物,占据着土壤食物网的中心位置,其物种多样性、食性多样性、生活史策略多样性、功能团多样性奠定了其作为土壤食物网结构和功能指示生物的生态学基础。线虫区系分析根据发展历史可以分为个体分类、生活史策略分类、功能团分类和代谢足迹分类四个时期,其中后两个时期主要用于推断土壤食物网结构和功能。基于功能团的线虫区系分析将线虫的食性和生活史策略结合起来,发展出一系列指数来判断土壤食物网的连通性、食物网链长度、外界养分投入情况、分解途径及对外界干扰的响应等。基于代谢足迹的线虫区系分析在功能团分析基础上,加入线虫能流分析,从而定性反映了土壤食物网功能的大小。两者在指示土壤食物网自下而上调节及对植物线虫控制等方面起着重要的作用。     

Genome-wide regulation of 5hmC, 5mC, and gene expression by Tet1 hydroxylase in mouse embryonic stem cells

DNA methylation at the 5 position of cytosine (5mC) in the mammalian genome is a key epigenetic event critical for various cellular processes. The ten-eleven translocation (Tet) family of 5mC-hydroxylases, which convert 5mC to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), offers a way for dynamic regulation of DNA methylation. Here we report that Tet1 binds to unmodified C or 5mC- or 5hmC-modified CpG-rich DNA through its CXXC domain. Genome-wide mapping of Tet1 and 5hmC reveals mechanisms by which Tet1 controls 5hmC and 5mC levels in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We also uncover a comprehensive gene network influenced by Tet1. Collectively, our data suggest that Tet1 controls DNA methylation both by binding to CpG-rich regions to prevent unwanted DNA methyltransferase activity, and by converting 5mC to 5hmC through hydroxylase activity. This Tet1-mediated antagonism of CpG methylation imparts differential maintenance of DNA methylation status at Tet1 targets, ultimately contributing to mESC differentiation and the onset of embryonic development.     

支气管镜下冷冻联合镜下给药治疗溃疡型支气管结核的临床效果

探讨支气管镜下冷冻联合局部镜下注药对溃疡型支气管结核的临床效果,为该病的治疗提供参考。

选取2019年1月至2021年1月大连市公共卫生临床中心结核科收治的溃疡坏死型支气管结核患者80例,根据治疗方案分为对照组（n = 40,给予常规规范抗结核治疗）和研究组（n = 40,在对照组基础上给予支气管镜下冷冻联合局部注药治疗）。观察两组患者治疗4周后疗效、痰菌转阴时间及治疗前和治疗4周后第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、血沉（ESR）水平及治疗期间不良反应情况。

研究组患者总有效率高于对照组,痰菌转阴时间短于对照组（均P＜0.05）,但两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（15.0% vs 12.5%,P＞0.05）。两组患者治疗后FEV1水平较治疗前上升,IL-10、CRP、ESR水平较治疗前下降,研究组患者上述指标水平治疗前后差值大于对照组（均P＜0.05）。

支气管镜下冷冻联合局部镜下注药对溃疡型支气管结核的疗效较好,可抑制机体炎症介质的释放,缩短痰菌转阴时间,安全性较高。

     

土壤中聚乙烯降解菌的筛选、鉴定及降解特性

[目的] 农用地膜主要成分为聚乙烯（polyethylene,PE）,因其难以被降解,其废弃物常造成“白色污染”,本研究从常年覆盖农用地膜的土壤中筛选PE降解菌,并探究其对PE制品的降解效能。[方法] 采集的土壤样品用PE为唯一碳源的无机盐培养基进行富集,筛选、纯化PE降解菌,分离菌通过形态染色、生理生化特征、16S rRNA基因序列分析进行鉴定,检测其在不同PE浓度（0%、0.05%、0.10%、0.25%、0.50%、1.00%、2.00%、3.00%）的无机盐培养基中的生长曲线,最后通过扫描电镜、光镜观察,检测分离菌对农用地膜的降解效能。[结果] 从土壤中筛选获得一株能够降解PE的分离菌株（命名为SW1）,初步鉴定其为放线菌的诺卡氏菌属Nocardia sp.。SW1的生长对PE具有明显浓度依赖,在含2% PE的无机盐培养基中生长最快,在培养的第48 h菌液浓度开始明显增加,第60 h达到最大,而在不含PE的无机盐培养基中未见生长。形态生理学观察表明,35℃培养15 d后,扫描电镜观察可见有大量菌嵌入膜内或附于膜表面生长,膜表面粗糙,并开始出现破损;培养60 d后,光镜观察可见膜大面积破损,并出现空洞。[结论] 从土壤中筛选获得了一株能够有效降解PE制品的放线菌菌株Nocardia sp. SW1。该研究丰富了PE制品降解微生物的菌种资源,为PE塑料废弃物的生物降解提供了科学数据与参考。     

丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地扩展的时空演变特征及影响机理

将丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地扩展作为一个时空变化系统进行分析,提取1980—2015年7个年份用地演变信息,结合10 km×10 km方格网构建,从总量趋势、分地州市级区域、分用地类型及特殊性全面认知扩展的时空演变特征,采用地理探测器模型,在县域尺度定量诊断城镇建设用地扩展的人文要素和自然要素的影响程度及各要素间的交互影响作用,进而识别其主控要素并探讨其作用机理,对比分析天山北坡城市群和喀什都市圈两个重点发展区域的分异性。研究结果表明:近35年以来,丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地扩展约2.9倍,扩展强度波动增长且以分散小斑块为主,各地州市扩展规模和强度的时空差异性显著,次一级城镇建设用地类型扩展呈现动态变化特征,用地扩展受自然本底胁迫条件和经济社会发展过程多重影响有其特殊性;全域城镇建设用地在县域尺度以低水平扩展与各级人文要素和自然要素水平的耦合匹配关系为主;综合地理探测器因子分析模块和交互作用模块的探测结果,判定地形位指数、城镇化率、地形起伏度、二三产业比重为影响丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆县域城镇建设用地扩展的主控要素,并探寻各主控要素的作用机理;在重点发展区域天山北坡城市群和喀什都市圈的驱动要素有共性也有明显分异性。该研究为丝绸之路经济带核心区新疆城镇建设用地因地因城因类的差别化调控及区域可持续发展提供科学支撑和决策依据。     

Associations between XRCC1 and ERCC2 polymorphisms and DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocyte among coke oven workers

A wide variety of base damages and single-strand breaks formed by reactive oxygen species during metabolic activation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been recognized to be involved in PAH carcinogenesis. In this study, alkaline comet assay was used to detect the DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes among 143 coke-oven workers and 50 non-coke-oven workers, and the effects of genetic polymorphisms of XRCC1 and ERCC2 genes on DNA damage were evaluated. The olive tail moment was significantly higher in coke-oven workers than in non-coke-oven workers (2.6, 95% CI=2.1–3.3 versus 1.0, 95% CI=0.8–1.2, p<0.01), and significant correlation between ln-transformed urinary 1-OHP and ln-transformed olive tail moment was found in total population (n=193, Pearson's r=0.393, p<0.001) and in coke-oven workers (n=143, Pearson's r=0.224, p=0.007). The olive tail moment was significantly higher in coke-oven workers with GA genotype of G27466A polymorphism of XRCC1 than those with GG genotype (4.6, 95% CI=2.5–8.7 versus 2.4, 95% CI=1.9–2.9, p<0.01 with adjustment for covariates). No significant associations between C26304T, G28152A and G36189A polymorphisms of XRCC1 and G23591A and A35931C polymorphisms of ERCC2 and olive tail moment were found in both groups. The study showed that the alkaline comet assay is a suitable biomarker in the detection of DNA damage among coke-oven workers and it suggested that the A allele of G27466A polymorphism of XRCC1 may be associated with decreased DNA repair capacity toward PAH-induced base damage and strand breaks.