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Junko Komura Ikumi Tamai Mizuho Senmaru Tetsuya Terasaki Yoshimichi Sai Akira Tsuji 《Journal of neurochemistry》1996,67(1):330-335
Abstract: The characteristics of β-alanine transport at the blood-brain barrier were studied by using primary cultured bovine brain capillary endothelial cells. Kinetic analysis of the β-[3 H]alanine transport indicated that the transporter for β-alanine functions with Kt of 25.3 ± 2.5 µ M and J max of 6.90 ± 0.48 nmol/30 min/mg of protein in the brain capillary endothelial cells. β-[3 H]Alanine uptake is mediated by an active transporter, because metabolic inhibitors (2,4-dinitrophenol and NaN3 ) and low temperature reduced the uptake significantly. Furthermore, the uptake of β-[3 H]alanine required Na+ and Cl− in the external medium. Stoichiometric analysis of the transport demonstrated that two sodium ions and one chloride ion are associated with one β-alanine molecule. The Na+ and Cl− -dependent uptake of β-[3 H]alanine was stimulated by a valinomycin-induced inside-negative K+ -diffusion potential. β-Amino acids (β-alanine, taurine, and hypotaurine) inhibited strongly the uptake of β-[3 H]alanine, whereas α- and γ-amino acids had little or no inhibitory effect. In ATP-depleted cells, the uptake of β-[3 H]alanine was stimulated by preloading of β-alanine or taurine but not l -leucine. These results show that β-alanine is taken up by brain capillary endothelial cells, via the secondary active transport mechanism that is common to β-amino acids. 相似文献
3.
喜马拉雅灰包菇SecotiumhimalaicumZangetDoi,由Dr.TeizoOgawa采于尼泊尔境内的喜马拉雅山带,据当地居民云:该菌为喜马拉雅雪人的一种食物。所谓雪人可能是高山雪线一带的动物。本文对该菌的分类特征和雪人的有关讨论作了介绍。原模式存日本国立科学博物馆。 相似文献
4.
Takashi Ueda Yoshihiro Kohli Yoshimichi Abe Takuji Katoh Takeshi Ogasawara Yoshiaki Nojyo Kei Kashima 《Histochemistry and cell biology》1995,103(1):11-17
We evaluated the conditions of fixation for ultrastructurally demonstrating the endogenous peroxidase (PO) activity of macrophages in biopsied human liver. The application of microwaving and immersion fixation with tannic acid and aldehydes allowed excellent visualization of PO activity in the nuclear envelope (NE), rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER), and cytoplasmic granules (CG), with good preservation of cellular ultrastructures. The macrophages with PO activity showed one of the following five patterns of PO localization: positive in both the NE and rER but negative in the CG (type 1); negative in both the NE and rER but positive in the CG (type 2); negative in the NE but positive in both the rER and CG (type 3); positive in all three (type 4); PO negative (type 5). The type 1 cells resembled typical Kupffer cells, type 2 cells monocytes, and type 3 and 4 cells the exudate-resident macrophages considered to be a transitional form between exudate and resident macrophages. Type 5 cells may also be a transitional form between the exudate and resident macrophage, or an end-stage macrophage derived from exudate macrophages which have lost their PO activity. Tannic-acid-aldehyde immersion fixation with microwaving may be a useful method in the study of the PO activities of macrophages in biopsied human liver specimens. 相似文献
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Yoshimichi Hori 《Journal of plant research》1989,102(1):1-8
The adaptive significance of the emergence mode ofDioscorea japonica was studied with respect to initial plant size (seed, bulbil and tuber) and light intensity, using mathematical simulation
based on Yokoi's (1976) model.
Under 1.5% full sunlight conditions, plants emerging with only one leaf did not develop a shoot system throughout the growing
period (Hori and Oshima, 1986). Simulation indicated that, for this species of plant under poor productive conditions, the
optimal time for switch-over from the vegetative to reproductive growth phase to maximize the tuber weight at the end of the
growing period, occurred immediately following the start of autotrophic growth. By means of shoot growth patterns, small and
large size plants acquired the ability of shade tolerance and shade avoidance, respectively.
Further, the life history ofD. japonica could be expressed as a flow chart based on plant size and light intensity data. 相似文献
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Ayako Kitano Takeo Shimasaki Yuri Chikano Mitsutoshi Nakada Mayumi Hirose Tomomi Higashi Yasuhito Ishigaki Yoshio Endo Takahisa Takino Hiroshi Sato Yoshimichi Sai Ken-ichi Miyamoto Yoshiharu Motoo Kazuyuki Kawakami Toshinari Minamoto 《PloS one》2013,8(2)
Background and Purpose
The major obstacles to treatment of pancreatic cancer are the highly invasive capacity and resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) regulates multiple cellular pathways and is implicated in various diseases including cancer. Here we investigate a pathological role for GSK3β in the invasive and treatment resistant phenotype of pancreatic cancer.Methods
Pancreatic cancer cells were examined for GSK3β expression, phosphorylation and activity using Western blotting and in vitro kinase assay. The effects of GSK3β inhibition on cancer cell survival, proliferation, invasive ability and susceptibility to gemcitabine and radiation were examined following treatment with a pharmacological inhibitor or by RNA interference. Effects of GSK3β inhibition on cancer cell xenografts were also examined.Results
Pancreatic cancer cells showed higher expression and activity of GSK3β than non-neoplastic cells, which were associated with changes in its differential phosphorylation. Inhibition of GSK3β significantly reduced the proliferation and survival of cancer cells, sensitized them to gemcitabine and ionizing radiation, and attenuated their migration and invasion. These effects were associated with decreases in cyclin D1 expression and Rb phosphorylation. Inhibition of GSK3β also altered the subcellular localization of Rac1 and F-actin and the cellular microarchitecture, including lamellipodia. Coincident with these changes were the reduced secretion of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and decreased phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK). The effects of GSK3β inhibition on tumor invasion, susceptibility to gemcitabine, MMP-2 expression and FAK phosphorylation were observed in tumor xenografts.Conclusion
The targeting of GSK3β represents an effective strategy to overcome the dual challenges of invasiveness and treatment resistance in pancreatic cancer. 相似文献10.
Songling?Bai Pham?Anh?Tuan Takanori?Saito Chikako?Honda Yoshimichi?Hatsuyama Akiko?Ito Takaya?MoriguchiEmail author 《Planta》2016,244(3):573-586