麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶基因的研究

将麦迪霉素产生菌基因文库中与放线紫红索酮基还原酶基因actⅢ有同源性的4·0kb DNA片段克隆到质粒载体pWHM3中,构成重组质粒pCB4。将质粒pCB4转入酮基还原酶基因缺陷菌株——加利利链霉菌ATCC3167l中,得到转化子。转化子发酵产物经TLC和HPLC分析证明是阿克拉菌酮,与加利利链霉菌原株ATCC31133的产物相同,说明麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶基因互补了加利利链霉菌ATCC31671中缺陷的酮基还原酶基因,使其恢复了产生阿克拉菌酮的能力。4．Okb DNA片段插入方向相反的重组质粒pCBR4在加利利链霉菌ATCC31671中发酵产物经TLC分析证明也是阿克拉菌酮,这说明4．0kbDNA片段中麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶基因具有自身的启动子。对4．0kb DNA片段进行了限制酶酶切分析,建立了其酶切图谱。以actⅢ基因为探针,经分子杂交以及亚克隆和DNA转化实验,将麦迪霉索产生菌酮基还原酶基因定位于BssH Ⅱ—BamH Ⅰ 1．3kb DNA片段上。对1．3kb DNA片段核苷酸序列分析结果表明：此1．3kbDNA片段中含有一个独立的ORF,起始密码ATG,终止密码TAG,含783bp;在起始密码上游有GGAGG5个核苷酸SD序列;此ORF编码260个氨基酸,与actⅢ基因编码的261个氨基酸相似性为77．4%,相同性为66．7％,对麦迪霉素产生苗酮基还原酶基因的可能作用进行了讨论。     

穴位激光照射对兔子宫类固醇激素受体的影响

对兔用Ｈｅ－Ｎｅ激光照射穴位,照射外生殖器,用类固醇激素受体测定法测定子宫雌二醇受体（ＥＲ）和孕酮受体（ＰＲ）含量。照射穴位后部分实验组的ＥＲ和ＰＲ浓度上升,与正常对照组相比较有显著或极显著差别（Ｐ＜０．０５,Ｐ＜０．０１）,ＥＲ提高１．７－３．２倍,ＰＲ提高２．７－３．７倍。实验结果提示激光可通过类固醇激素受体浓度的提高,在受体水平上影响机体代谢。     

麦迪霉素产生菌具有启动功能的DNA片段的克隆和分析

利用启动子探针质粒载体pIJ486从麦迪霉素产生菌总DNA中克隆得到了一段具有启动功能的DNA片段.通过限制性酶酶切分析,测定插入DNA片段大小为2.3kb.又利用载体pIJ486和pIJ487的新霉素抗性结构基因上游有多酶切点方向相反的性质,分析了插入片段在两个不同方向上的启动能力.结果表明,在两个方向上均有启动功能,但强弱相差六倍.其中在XbaI-HindIII方向上具有较强的启动能力,在变铅青链霉菌中新霉素抗性水平可达20mg/ml以上.进一步对插入片段的三个BamHI小片段进行分析的结果表明,较强启动子区域集中在BamHI-BamHI 0.79kb DNA片段上.     

A ketoreductase gene from Streptomyces mycarofaciens 1748 DNA involved in biosynthesis of a spore pigment

An efficient plasmid transformation system forS. mycarofaciens 1748 has been established. In order to determine the function of MKR gene in S.mycarofaciens 1748, the gene disruption experiment was carried out. For this purpose the plasmid pKC1139 was used. A recombinant strain with white spore appeared, in contrast to the grey-colour spore of S.myarofaciens 1748. This suggested that homologous recombination between plasmidborne MKR gene sequence and the chromosome of S.mycarofaciens 1748 had occurred. A Southern hybridization experiment using a-³²P-labelled MKR gene as probe indicated that the desired integration event had occurred in the recombinant. The result of gene disruption showed that the alteration of this gene in the chromosome of S.mycarofaciens 1748 made sporulating colonies remain white instead of taking on the typical grey colour of sporulating wild type colonies, suggesting that MKR gene is involved in the biosynthesis of a spore pigment. The recombinant strain was incubated with fermentation medium optimised for midecamycin production. A TLC assay showed that the recombinant strain produced midecamycin in quantities comparable to that ofS. mycarofaciens 1748. A pCN8B12 was a clone from genomic library of midecamycin producing strain which contained a 28-kb DNA insert. The 28-kb DNA fragment contained act I-homologous and act III-homologous regions. he PKS (act I-homologous) and MKR (act III-homologous) genes that define spore pigment of midecamycin producing strain were Jocalized by restriction endonuclease digestion with pCN8B12, indicating that they are separated by about 10 kb DNA. The polyketide synthase gene cluster of simila; organization has not been reported yet. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

Characterization of the sugar-O-methyltransferase LobS1 in lobophorin biosynthesis

Lobophorins A (1) and B (2) belong to a large group of spirotetronate natural products with potent antibacterial and antitumor activities. The cloning of the lobophorin biosynthesis gene cluster from the deep-sea-derived Streptomyces sp. SCSIO 01127 identified a sugar-O-methyltransferase-encoding gene lobS1. The lobS1 inactivation mutant accumulated two new lobophorin analogs 3 and 4, different from 1 and 2 by lacking the 4-methyl group at the terminal l-digitoxose, respectively. Biochemical experiments verified that LobS1 was a SAM-dependent sugar-O-methyltransferase that required divalent metal ions for better activity. Antibacterial assays revealed compounds 3 and 4 were generally less potent than compounds 1 and 2. These findings suggest that the methylation on the terminal digitoxose by LobS1 tailors lobophorin biosynthesis and highlights the importance of this methylation for antibacterial potence.     

药品与个人护理品生物降解研究进展

药品与个人护理品(Pharmaceuticals and personal care products, PPCPs)包括各种处方药和非处方药(如各类抗生素、人工合成麝香、止痛药、降压药、避孕药、催眠药和减肥药等)与个人护理用品(如化妆品、香料、遮光剂、发胶、染发剂和杀菌剂等)。作为一类新兴环境微污染物,PPCPs因具有潜在的环境毒理学效应和人体健康风险逐渐受到人们的广泛关注。有关PPCPs的生物降解研究已展开了大量的工作并取得了较大进展。文中总结概括了目前国内外PPCPs生物降解方法、功能菌种类、PPCPs的生物降解特性及产物组成与降解途径等,分析了PPCPs微生物降解机理,并对PPCPs生物降解的研究方向进行了展望。     

Identification and Functional Analysis of dTDP-Glucose-4,6-Dehydratase Gene and Its Linked Gene Cluster in an Aminoglycoside Antibiotics Producer of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Streptomyces tenebrarius</Emphasis> H6

Streptomyces tenebrarius H6 produces a variety of aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as apramycin, tobramycin, and kanamycin B. Primers were designed according to the highly conserved sequences of the dTDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase genes, and a 0.6-kb PCR product was obtained from S. tenebrarius H6 genomic DNA. With the 0.6-kb PCR product as a probe, a BamHI 7.0-kb fragment was isolated. DNA sequence analysis of the 7.0-kb fragment revealed four ORFs and an incomplete ORF. In search of databases, the deduced product of one ORF (orfE) showed 62% identity to the dTDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase, StrE of S. griseus. Three other ORFs (orfG1, orfG2, and orfGM) showed 55%, 62%, and 42% similarities, respectively, to glycosyltransferase from Clostridium acetobutylicum and mannosyltransferase from Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri str. 306 and glycosyltransferase from Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Upstream of the orfE was an incomplete ORF, and the deduced product showed 56% similarity to dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose, StrL from S. griseus. The function of the orfE gene was studied by targeted gene disruption. The resulting mutant failed to produce tobramycin and kanamycin B, but still produced apramycin, suggesting that the orfE gene and linked gene cluster are essential for the biosynthesis of tobramycin and kanamycin B in S. tenebrarius H6.     

麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶基因在大肠杆菌中的表达

用PCR法扩增麦迪霉素产生菌酮基还原酶（MKR）基因,得到约0．8kb的DNA片段,扩增片段重组到利用依赖T7RNA聚合酶的高效表达载体pT7－7中,在大肠杆菌中表达出28．9kD的蛋白质。表达的蛋白质具有生物活性。