Comparative morphology of the foliage leaf epidermis, with emphasis on papillae characters, in key taxa of woody bamboos of the Asian tropics (Poaceae: Bambusoideae)

The foliage leaf epidermis of 35 species representing 12 key genera of woody bamboos of the Asian tropics was investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy. The results indicated that papillae forms and distributional patterns around the stomatal apparatus of the abaxial foliage leaf epidermis were usually constant and were of great taxonomic significance at the specific and generic levels. However, papillae characters were not suitable for dividing subtribes within woody bamboos of the Asian tropics. On the basis of papillae characters, Schizostachyum s.s. and Cephalostachyum were confirmed, but their delimitations should be modified. The transfer of Leptocanna chinensis and Schizostachyum sanguineum into Cephalostachyum was supported, and Cephalostachyum virgatum and C .  pergracile were confirmed to be members of Schizostachyum s.s. The subtribe Racemobambosinae did not obtain support and Racemobambos appeared to be better placed in subtribe Bambusinae. Neomicrocalamus was supported as a close relative and better treated as a synonym of Racemobambos . Gigantochloa was closely related to Dendrocalamus .  © 2008 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2008, 156 , 411–423.     

下丘脑外侧区注射TRH对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响

本文采用连续收集胃腔灌流法,观察下丘脑外侧区(LHA)注射促甲状腺激素释放激素(TRH)对大鼠胃酸分泌的影响,并分析TRH在LHA促进胃酸分泌的作用机制。结果表明:(1)LHA注射TRH(1μg)明显地刺激胃酸分泌;(2)预先向LHA注射酚妥拉明(10μg)、美多心安(5μg)及胃泌素抗体1μl(1:640)并不影响TRH的泌酸作用,如预先向LHA注射阿托品(5μg)则可消除TRH的泌酸效应;(3)垂体摘除及肾上腺切除均不影响TRH的泌酸作用;(4)隔下迷走神经切断后,LHA注入TRH的泌酸效应仍然出现,但持续时间显著缩短;腹腔交感神经节摘除后,TRH仍能促进胃酸分泌,但分泌量少而平稳。以上结果提示:LHA是TRH中枢泌酸效应的有关结构之一,其中枢机制是通过胆碱能M受体中介的,腹腔交感神经节和膈下迷走神经是TRH泌酸效应的传出途径。前者引起的泌酸反应出现较早且引起泌酸高峰,但持续时间短;后者则引起低平的持续分泌。     

江苏泗洪下草湾中中新世脊椎动物群——6.鸟纲

本文记述了近年来在江苏泗洪下草湾组中补采到的6种鸟类,其中包括天岗琵鹭 Platalea tiangangensis sp. nov.和松林庄古石鸡 Palaeoalectoris songlinensis gen. et sp. nov.,前者系琵鹭属迄今最早的记录,后者为雉科鹑族目前已知最早的成员.     

锌和铜在生长抑素对链佐霉素引起的胰岛B细胞损伤的保护中的作用

我们以前的工作指出,生长抑素可以预防链佐霉素对大鼠胰岛B细胞的损伤。本工作测定给药前后大鼠血清和组织中Zn、Cu含量,以进一步观察链佐霉素破坏大鼠胰岛B细胞后生长抑素预防效应的可能机制。结果为:链佐霉素(STZ)(35mg/kg,ip)注射后24h的大鼠,血清Zn浓度下降,Cu浓度升高,Zn/Cu比值倒置;用生长抑素作预防性注射后,血清Zn浓度与正常对照水平相同,Cu浓度虽稍有升高,但Zn/Cu比值正常。保护组的血清Zn与损伤组比较,差异极为显著。两组的Zn/Cu比值同样也具有显著差异。在给药后72h,血清Zn/Cu比值在各组之间仍呈上述关系,但差异减小。在大鼠胰腺,注射链佐霉素后胰腺组织Zn浓度未见改变,但生长抑素作预防性注射可使组织锌含量增加。上述结果提示,在生长抑素对胰岛B细胞的保护机制中可能有Zn和Cu的参与。预防性注射生长抑素所引起的高Zn状态可能有利于机体细胞含Zn酶类的活性,增强已损伤细胞的修复。     

山西忻州中新世鼠兔科化石

本文记述了山西忻州发现的跑兔属—新种.该种以个体较小, P~2 较简单,无前沟, M~2 后叶无后突, P_3 小,无前内沟与前外沟等特征与属型种 B. forsythmajori 相区别,命名为杨胡跑兔 B. yanghuensis sp. nov..新种在进化水平上较属型种稍原始,但两者显示出较近的系统关系.根据 B. yanghuensis sp. nov. 的进化水平,推断其地质时代可能为中中新世早期,约相当于欧洲 Orleanian 期.     

内蒙古石拐群古鳕类一新属

内蒙古石拐地区石拐群召沟组中的长腹鳍大青山鳕(新属、新种) Daqingshaniscus longiventralis gen. et sp. nov. 是在我国中侏罗世地层中发现的一比较原始的古鳕类.其头骨眶后部分短,鳃盖骨大于下鳃盖骨,背鳍位于腹鳍与臀鳍之间,腹鳍基线长,鳍条都从基部分节、远端分叉,棘鳞仅见于尾上叶,全歪型尾,鳞片呈菱形.大青山鳕既与苏联南哈萨克斯坦 Karatau 地区的 Pteroniscus 很接近,又与我国新疆的维吾尔鳕 Uighuroniscus 及西德北部的 Stadthagen 地区的 Indaginilepis 相似.     

MASTODONT REMAINS FROM THE MIOCENE OF JUNGGAR BASIN IN XINJIANG

<正> The mastodont materials described in the present paper, associated with Amblycastor tunggurensis, Amphicyon sp., Anchitherium cf. aurelianense, Brachypotherium sp., ?Chilotherium sp., Stephanocemas thomsoni, Dicrocerus grangeri, Eotragus sp., Oioceros grangeri and O. noverca, were collected from the Haramagai formation of Junggar Basin in Xinjiang by an IVPP field team in 1982. The geology of the area has already been reported by Tong (1986, 1987). The mastodont fossils found at 5 sites on the north and west banks of the Ulungur river, Junggar Basin are abundant. They comprise 5 species, among which is one new species.The author is greatly indebted to the IVPP field team (Tong, Y., the head of the 1982 Junggar field team) allocating the mastodont materials for me to study.